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Page 1: Pathogen Education Facts About Ebola Virus · Ebola, previously known as Ebola hemorrhagic fever, is a severe and dangerous disease What Is Ebola? Pathogen Education Facts About Ebola

Ebola, previously known as Ebola hemorrhagic fever, is a severe and dangerous disease

What Is Ebola?

Pathogen Education

Facts About Ebola Virus

Symptoms and TreatmentEbola is only contagious if theperson is experiencing activesymptoms. Typical symptomsinclude: fever, severe headache,muscle pain, diarrhea, vomiting,abdominal pain, and unexplainedhemorrhaging.

Symptoms may appear anywherefrom 2 to 21 days after exposure to Ebola, but the average is 8 to10 days.

CDC has issued guidance forhealthcare professionals to safelymanage patients with suspectedor confirmed Ebola Virus Diseasein the United States.ii

How Does It Spread?Ebola is transmitted through directcontact with the blood or body fluids. Ebola is not transmitted through theair or water. Generally, Ebola is nota foodborne illness.

Ebola is often spread through familiesand friends because they come in closecontact with infectious secretions when caring for ill persons. Healthcare workersproviding care for Ebola patients are alsoat risk for getting sick.

During outbreaks of Ebola, the diseasecan spread quickly within healthcaresettings (such as a clinic or hospital)if hospital staff and other workers arenot wearing protective equipment,such as masks, gowns, and gloves.

CDC recommends monitoring exposedpeople for symptoms for a complete 21 days.

What Should Be Done to HelpReduce the Risk?

Healthcare workers are advised to useisolation and infection control proceduresincluding standard, contact, and dropletprecautions. Specific recommendationsinclude isolating the patient, wearing appropriate PPE, restricting visitors, andavoiding aerosol-generating procedures.

Healthcare workers who may be exposedto people with Ebola should follow thesesteps:

Wear protective clothing, including masks, gloves, gowns, and eye protection.

Practice proper infection control andsterilization measures.

Isolate patients with Ebola from otherpatients.

Notify health officials if you have had direct contact with blood or body fluids,such as but not limited to, feces, saliva,urine, vomit, and semen of a person whois sick with Ebola.

Healthcare workers are advised to follow CDC’s infection control recommendationsfor healthcare providers to use isolation and infection control procedures includingstandard, contact, and droplet precautionsto safely manage hospitalized patients with known or suspected Ebola hemorrhagic fever.

www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/hcp/infection-prevention-and-control-recommendations.html

In August 2014, the CDC releasedInfection Prevention and ControlRecommendations for HospitalizedPatients with Known or SuspectedEbola Hemorrhagic Fever in U.S.Hospitals.

For updated information on Ebola virus, please visit the CDC’sEbola Hemorrhagic Fever website , www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/i

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Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. “Ebola (Ebola Virus Disease).” Atlanta, CDC: Accessed 3 October 2014. Available from: www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/index.html

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DISINFECTING CLEANING

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. “Safe Management of Patients with Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) in U.S. Hospitals.” Atlanta, CDC: Accessed 3 October 2014. Available from: www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/hcp/patient-management-us-hospitals.html

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Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. “Infection Prevention and Control Recommendations for Hospitalized Patients with Known or Suspected Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever in U.S. Hospitals.” Atlanta, CDC: Accessed 3 October 2014. Available from: www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/hcp/infection-prevention-and-control-recommendations.html

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No FDA-approved vaccine or medicine (e.g., antiviral drug) isavailable for Ebola.

Ebola virus causes viral hemor-rhagic fever disease (also calledEbola Hemorrhagic Fever or EbolaVirus Disease), a severe, oftenfatal disease in humans. Ebola virus is a member of the Filoviridae family of viruses,which are lipid-envelopedRNA viruses.

Ebola virus was first identified in 1976 in Africa. To date, 5 differentsubtypes of Ebola viruses have beenidentified.

CDC has been working with medicaland public health professionalsacross the United States and abroad to prepare and respondto any potential or confirmed Ebola cases.

Page 2: Pathogen Education Facts About Ebola Virus · Ebola, previously known as Ebola hemorrhagic fever, is a severe and dangerous disease What Is Ebola? Pathogen Education Facts About Ebola

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