Download - PARASITES
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By:afnan bakhsh
PARASITES
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Parasitology: the study of parasites.Parasite: it is organism living in or on other
organism.
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Parasites can be divided to:Protozoa. unicellular
Helminthes. Multicellular
Arthropods. Multicellular
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Single cell (unicellular) eukaryotes.They can live as free organisms or parasites.They transmitted by:Blood sucking insect bites.Accidental ingestion.It have two stages:Cyst: dormant stage outside the body. Trophozoite: active stage inside the body.
Protozoa:
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1-ameobsas2-ciliates
3-flagellates4-sporozoa
Protozoa are classified into four classes according to their motility:
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Amoebas: move by pseudo pods (Ex:Entamoeba histolotica).
Cyst Trophozoite
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Ciliates: move by cilia (Ex:Balantidium coli).
TrophozoiteCyst
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Flagellates: move by flagella (Ex:Trypanosoma).
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•Sporozoa: intracellular parasite, doesn’t move it transmit through the blood (Ex:Plasmodium). Blood parasite.
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Helminthes (worms):Multicellular eukaryotic organisms.- It has two stages:Larval stage (egg): measure 100-200 Mm.Adult worms: measure from cm to meters.
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Adult worms: measure from cm to meters.They can classify into:Nematode: Ex. Ascaris.Trematode: Ex. Schistosoma.Cestode: Ex. Taenia.
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ascaris
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Schistosoma.
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taenia
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Ex: mosquitoes, bee, flea and flies.Harmful effects of them:Food poisoning.Discomfort.Cause diseases and transmit diseases.Damage of crops.
Arthropods (insects):
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Benefit of arthropods:Bees produce honey.
Fertilization of plants and flowers.
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