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Warm-up
• Page: 523, 1. The amount of solar energy reflected or absorbed depends on the _________, texture, composition, volume, ________, transparency and other properties.
• color mass
• Page: 523, 2. The fraction of solar radiation reflected from an object is called the ________________.
• albedo
• Page: 523, 3.Warm air near the surface bends light rays to produce and image know as a ______________.
• mirage
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Warm-up
• Page: 526, 1. The transfer of energy as heat from one substance to another by direct contact is called_________.
• conduction
• Page: 526, 2. The process by which air rises and sinks because of temperature differences is called: __________.
• Convection
• Page: 527, 3.Air flows from _______ pressure regions to _______ pressure regions
• High, Low
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Objective: S.W.B.A.T. • Periods 3&5
• -observe video on heat and transfer methods review
• -complete foldable on heat transfer methods
• -define conduction, convection, radiation
• Describe the global patterns of air circulation, and name three global wind belts.
• Identify two factors that form local wind patterns.
• Explain the Coriolis effect.
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Activities:
• Warm-up
• Complete/review energy transfer
• Notes/discussions
• Finish heat transfer foldable
• Heat 1-4 h.w.
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Atmospheric Circulation Sec. 19-3
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How Air Moves Differences in air pressure are caused by unequal
heating of Earth’s surface.(causing convection)
Hot air is rising at
the equator – creating a low pressure area.
Cold air is sinking at both poles – causing high pressure areas.
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Air moves from areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure, causing a general, worldwide movement of surface air from the poles toward the equator. This, along with the Coriolis effect, creates wind patterns.
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The Coriolis Effect Coriolis effect - the curving of the path of a moving
object from an otherwise straight path due to Earth’s rotation
The Coriolis effect causes winds to be deflected by Earth’s rotation. http://wn.com/What's_t
he_Coriolis_Effect?__Winds__BBC_Fou
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Global Winds
Each hemisphere contains three looping patterns of flow called
convection cells.
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Global Winds Each convection cell
correlates to an area of Earth’s surface, called a wind belt, that is characterized by winds that flow in one direction.
These winds are called prevailing winds.
Winds are named from where the come from
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1st Global Wind Belt 1. Trade Winds – the prevailing winds that blow from
east to west from +/- 30º latitude to the equator in both hemispheres
Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone
Trade Winds
Trade Winds
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Doldrums – area of rising air at the equator, where the surface winds are weak – Sailing vessels sometimes would get trapped of days.
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2nd Global Wind Belt 2. Westerlies - prevailing winds that blow from west to
east between 30º and 60º latitude in both hemispheres
Intertropical Convergence Zone
Trade Winds
Trade Winds
Westerlies
Westerlies
Polar Easterlies
Polar Easterlies
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Global Winds Jet Streams are a narrow band of strong winds that
blow in the upper troposphere & lower stratosphere
These wind exist in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. – they direct paths of weather
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3rd Global wind belt 3. Polar easterlies – caused by cool air descending (sinking) from the poles and is turned by the Coriolis effect.
• Winds move from east to west
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Global Winds
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Cool down 1. Hot air rising and cool air sinking is what
type of energy transfer?
Convection
2. Heat moves around the world in ____ ways.
three
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Cool down 1. How many total wind belt systems are on
the Earth?
6 total - 3 in northern hemisphere & 3 in southern hemisphere
2. What is the name of the strong narrow band of wind in the upper atmosphere called?
Jet stream