Download - OVERVIEW CONTEXT OF SOUTH AFRICAN BROADCASTING SYSTEM EVOLUTION OF SA BROADCASTING: POST 1994
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Reflections on the State of Public Service Broadcasting in South
Africa
Nomazulu Mda07 December 2009
PBI Conference: Kyoto, Japan 2009
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OVERVIEW
– CONTEXT OF SOUTH AFRICAN BROADCASTING SYSTEM • EVOLUTION OF SA BROADCASTING: POST 1994• POLICY AND REGULATION• SECTORAL ARRANGEMENTS
– SABC STRUCTURE AND FUNDING MODEL– IMPACT OF THE GLOBAL ECONOMIC CRISIS– GOING FORWARD:
• THE PRESENT AND THE FUTURE OF SA PSB (THE NEW BILL)• PUBLIC OPINION• SABC POSITION ON THE BILL
– CONCLUDING REMARKS
INTRODUCTION
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• HISTORICAL ANALYSIS OF SOUTH AFRICAN BROADCASTING SYSTEM POST 1994:
– Reform of Broadcasting System – Broadcasting Act of 1999– IBA Act of 1999 (later the ICASA Act)
• POLICY AND REGULATION– Policy function discharged by Ministry (and Department of Communications); also
responsible for Telecoms and ICT sector;– Regulation lies with the converged ICT regulator ICASA– Broadcasting Regulation delegated to industry body the BCCSA
• SECTORAL ARRANGEMENTS– Three tier Broadcasting System with the following arrangements– Public Service Broadcasting (currently done by the SABC)– Commercial Broadcasting (Free-to-air and Pay TV)– Community Broadcasting (mainly radio with 3 TV stations)
CONTEXT OF SOUTH AFRICAN PUBLIC SERVICE BROADCASTING
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SABC STRUCTURE & FUNDING MODEL
• STRUCTURE– Public Broadcasting Service
• 15 PBS Radio in all 11 official languages; and• 2 TV national stations
– Public Commercial Service• 3 PCS Radio in English; and• 1 TV national station also in English
• FUNDING MODEL– 77% drawn from advertising revenue– 11% from TV licence fees– Balance from state grants & sponsorships
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• ON THE SOUTH AFRICAN ECONOMY
- “Secondary” impact of the Crisis on the SA Economy due to:
- High committed government spending;- Fiscal and Capital outflow controls.
- Cushion for the SA economy: Economists consensus
• ON THE SABC
– Top 20 Clients cut marketing and ad spend by approx. 30% from the previous year.
– Rising Capex on:• International expansion• Merchandise• Infrastructure upgrades
– Revenue outflow mainly in foreign currency
– Net result: Loss of <ZAR900 million (<USD120 million)
IMPACT OF GLOBAL ECONOMIC CRISIS
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Going Forward (I)
The Present and the Future (the PSB Bill)
ESSENCE OF BILL• To replace the Broadcasting Act of 1999;• To abolish the TV licence fee;• To establish a Public Service Fund funded from a special broadcasting tax.
IMPACT ON THE SABC• Proposes that public broadcasting service be no longer exclusive to the SABC;• Changes the funding model the SABC has become accustomed to.
PUBLIC OPINION• Depressed tax system and shrinking tax base?• Sufficiency of maximum collections vis-à-vis just SABC PBS budget?• Independence of the SABC???• Incompatibility of the Bill with the Constitution re the independence of the SABC.• Underlying motives for the Bill?
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Going Forward (II)
SABC POSITION ON THE BILL
In principle the SABC welcomes the Bill because: • It confronts the funding of public service broadcasting in a developing country;• The current legislative framework is 10 years old.
On specific issues:• Editorial independence;• Concern over the sufficiency of the PSB Fund;• Administration of the Fund;• Governance issues e.g. proposals on board, and executive management
compositions;• Proposals that may lead to perceptions of government interference in the SABC.
CONCLUSION:• SABC must emerge a strong PSB;• Independence must be guaranteed;• Insulation from external factors.
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Our Citizens