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Complexity and Outcome Harvesting
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Most recentlyIn June the World Bank published 10 case studies
and a toolkit for using Outcome Harvesting
2http://www.outcomemapping.ca/resource/resource.php?id=452
http://wbi.worldbank.org/wbi/document/cases-outcome-harvesting
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e Harvesting
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e Harvesting
4
Inspired and informed by the Outcome Mapping methodology.
A tool for practitioners operating in dynamic, uncertain situations to monitor and evaluate the social change results they are achieving.
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Outcome HarvestingSix steps:
1.Design the harvest — users => uses => evaluation questions => data to be collected
2.Review documentation and draft outcomes => intervention’s contribution
3.Engage with informants — generally within the intervention
4.Substantiate with independent but knowledgeable third parties
5.Analyse, interpret — What? + So What? but not Now What?
6.Support use of findings
TRIA
NG
ULA
TIO
N
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International social change networks
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International development funders
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What did all of these organisations have in common?
COMPLEXITY! COMPLEXITY!
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Relationships of cause and effect are KNOWN
Simple
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Annual polio vaccination campaign
ACTIVITIES
OUTCOMES
IMPACT
INPUTS
Inspired by Jeff Conklin, cognexus.org
Time
OUTPUTS
M&E of a simple intervention
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Relationships of cause and effect are UNKNOWN
Complex
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OUTPUT
OUTCOME
INPUTS
ACTIVITY
INPUTSACTIVITY
INPUTS
ACTIVITY
INPUTS
OUTPUT
OUTPUT
ACTIVITY
OUTPUT
OUTPUT
OUTCOME
OUTCOME
OUTCOME
OUTCOME
OUTCOME
M&E of a complex intervention
Time
Strengthening nonviolent responses to communal conflict
in the Horn of Africa
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OUTPUT
OUTCOME
INPUTS
ACTIVITY
INPUTSACTIVITY
INPUTS
ACTIVITY
INPUTS
OUTPUT
OUTPUT
ACTIVITY
OUTPUT
OUTPUT
OUTCOME
OUTCOME
OUTCOME
OUTCOME
OUTCOME
Time
Dimensions in which the relationships of cause and effect are known
NOT EITHER OR
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OUTPUT
OUTCOME
INPUTS
ACTIVITY
INPUTSACTIVITY
INPUTS
ACTIVITY
INPUTS
OUTPUT
OUTPUT
ACTIVITY
OUTPUT
OUTPUT
OUTCOME
OUTCOME
OUTCOME
OUTCOME
OUTCOME
Time
COMPLEX
Results are substantially unforeseeable.
Unknown relations of cause and effect dominate.
NOT EITHER OR
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Outcome Harvesting and complexity
The greater the:
1. Disagreement about what is the development challenge
2. Disagreement about what is its solution
3. Uncertainty about what will be the results of your actions to solve the development challenge
The more Outcome Harvesting may be useful
CO
MP
LEX
IME
TE
R
High
Low
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Formative evaluation
Summative evaluation
Developmental evaluation
Developmental Evaluation is not, however, the same as
evaluation of development.
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When do you evaluate?
Time
SummativeDevelopmental Formative
Progress of intervention
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RESULTS BASED M&E
STEP 1: Vision
INTENTIONAL DESIGN
STEP 2: Mission
STEP 3: Boundary Partners
STEP 4: Outcome Challenges
STEP 5: Progress Markers
STEP 6: Strategy Maps
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STEP 1: Vision
STEP 2: Mission
STEP 3: Boundary Partners
STEP 4: Outcome Challenges
STEP 5: Progress Markers
STEP 6: Strategy Maps
Indicators
Indicators
GLOBAL
PARTNERSHIP FOR
THE PREVENTION OF
ARMED CONFLICT
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STEP 1: Vision
STEP 2: Mission
STEP 3: Boundary Partners
STEP 4: Outcome Challenges
STEP 5: Progress Markers
STEP 6: Strategy Maps
Indicators
Indicators
ICT4D in Asia PAN and Africa ACACIA Nigeria Evidence based Health System Initiative‐ EcoHealth Fieldbuilding Leadership Initiative Consorcio por la Salud, Ambiente y Desarrollo
Regional Peacebuilding Programme in the Horn
of Africa
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STEP 1: Vision
STEP 2: Mission
STEP 3: Boundary Partners
STEP 4: Outcome Challenges
STEP 5: Progress Markers
STEP 6: Strategy Maps
Indicators
Indicators
Art and Culture Programme in Central America
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In sum
Outcome Harvesting is “an evaluation approach that does not measure progress towards predetermined outcomes, but rather collects evidence of what has been achieved, and works backward to determine whether and how the project or intervention contributed to the change.” - UNDP
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https://undp.unteamworks.org/node/370238
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Discussion
Have any of you found other ways to apply the principles of Outcome Mapping to evaluate projects, programmes or organisations when the elements of intentional design have been missing?