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Open Expansion: The Intersection of Open Access,
Open Data and OER
Heather JosephExecutive Director, SPARC
ACRL 2015 Annual ConferencePortland, OR
March 27, 2015
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A tale of three “open” movements.
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Change is afoot.
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Source: http://www.openmatters.com/2014/01/new-world-of-digital/
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The Internet.
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New Channels to Share Work.
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New environment for research, teaching and learning.
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Digital environment means change.
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And LOTS of it.
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Access to more, opportunities to do more.
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Theoretically.
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Opportunities to leverage lower cost distribution mechanisms.
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Theoretically.
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Despite the promise of the Internet, the materials we most need the freedom to work with remain largely under restrictive
access, pricing and reuse policies.
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We have 20th century policies governing 21st century information.
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“Open” can provide a solution to a problem, as well as be used as a
lever to create new opportunities.
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Ok. A solution to what kind of problems?
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Let’s consider costs.
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Costs for 1-yr Journal Subscriptions
www.righttoresearch.org
Source: http://web.archive.org/web/20050828210650/libraries.mit.edu/about/scholarly/expensive-titles.html
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Average Textbook Prices
Source: http://www.studentpirgs.org/sites/student/files/reports/A-Cover-to-Cover-Solution_4pdf
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$1,207.Average budget for student books
and supplies for the 2013-2014 academic year.
Source http/:trends.collegeboard.org/college-pricing/figures-tables/average-estimaed-undergraduate-budgets-2013-2014
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Library budgets & journal prices
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Textbook prices and the CPI
Source: www.goa.gov/products/GAO-13-368
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“The annual revenues generated by STM journal
publishing were estimated at US $9.4 billion in 2011…”
Source: The STM Report,http://www.stm-assoc.org/2012_12_11_STM_Report_2012.pdf
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“During same time period, annual revenues for textbook publishers were estimated at
US $8.8 billion …”
Source: http://www.slideshare.net/txtbks/keynote-nercomp?related=1
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And we know where that money comes from…
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Libraries.Students & their families.
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How can “open” address problem of cost?
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Current Market: Intermediaries blunt price
sensitivity.
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Now look at that slide again, just substitute “Libraries” and
“Researchers” for students and professors…
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Déjà vu…
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Creating new models based on “open” removes intermediaries,
and ties payments directly to service/good being purchased.
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What about opportunities?
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Let’s consider value.
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OA, Open Data and OER movements all emphasize the need to enable unobstructed
digital reuse of these materials, to fully exploit the power - and the value - of the information they
contain.
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Open Access = Immediate Access + Full Reuse
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Text MiningDownloading
Bulk DownloadingData Mining
Semantic SearchingComputational Analysis
Machine Reading
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Because these materials are digital, at their core, they are data…
and:
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"Data is a valuable national asset that should be available to the
public.”
President Obama, May 13, 2013 Executive Order
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We have a unique opportunity to explore innovative ways to access
and use this vast new wealth of digital info and create new value.
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Good for teaching, research and learning, yes, but also…
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…good for making.
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Similar goals, values, strategies and
tactics emerging across all three “open” movements aligning
around efforts to:
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1. Create infrastructure.
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2. Create Legal Framework.
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3. Create Sustainable Business Models.
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4. Create Policy Framework
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5. Create Collaborations
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Not all perfect harmony.
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1. Conflicting business models
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2. Privacy/Security
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3. Value
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Challenges are big, but the Opportunities are bigger.
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We can use “open” to help us think bigger.
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How can “open” help us solve big problems?
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Understanding the implications that a larger vision of “open” as the default mode for research, teaching and learning materials
can have is crucial.
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Thank You for Listening.
Heather JosephExecutive Director, SPARC
[email protected]@hjoseph, @SPARC_NA