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“One Size Does Not Fit All”Assessing Deaf Students’ Needs
in HE18 June 201218 June 2012
Jeremy HineRichard Vaughan
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Understanding Deafness
Courtesy of the National Deaf Children’s Society
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Different types of hearing aid
In-the-Canal (ITC)
Completely-In-the-Canal (CIC)Not suitable for severe hearing losses. No audio connection or telecoil.
In-the-Canal (ITC)Suited to mild/moderate hearing losses. No audio connection or telecoil.
In-the-Ear (ITE)Suited to wider range of hearing losses. No direct audio input connection but may have a telecoil if space permits.
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Behind-the-Ear instruments (BTE)Suitable for most hearing losses.The type of aid generally provided by the NHS. Most have a telecoil and direct audio input connection.
Open Fit instrumentsGenerally suitable for mild/moderate high frequency hearing losses. May have a telecoil and direct audio input connection.
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Cochlear ImplantsConsists of a surgical implant and an external speech processor. For those who receive no or limited benefit from conventional hearing aids. Most have a telecoil and a direct audio input connection.
Bone Anchored Hearing AidsClips onto a screw implanted into the skull behind the ear. Sound is transmitted by vibration into the cochlea (inner ear). Most have a direct audio input connection and an optional plug-in telecoil.
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Why do we use personal fm systems?
Deaf people find it difficult to listen in due to:
• Background noise• Background noise
• Distance
• Reverberation
Even with the latest audiological technology, these problems cannot be solved by a hearing
aid alone
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• Affects the understanding of speech• “...it overlaps some of the speech to make it
inaudible or masked”
Background noise
inaudible or masked”(Dirks, Morgan & Dubno 1982, Helfer, 1991)
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• Signal drops by 6dB with every doubling in distance
Distance
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Reverberation
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How does an fm system help?
• Decreasing the distance between speaker and listenerlistener
• Delivering the sound direct to the ear
• The sound is delivered uncontaminated by noise and reverberation
An fm system offers the most efficient and practical way of doing this
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Connecting to Hearing Aids
• Hearing aids and cochlear implants can be used on their own, or connected to many other devicesother devices
• There are two main ways of connecting:– Direct Audio Input
– Telecoil or “T” position
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Radio Aids / Personal fm Systems
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Body-Worn fm system
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Ear-level fm System
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If you have any questions after today, please email us at:
and visit our website:and visit our website:
www.deafequipment.co.uk