Health & Hygiene
bySandeep Shastri
Technology Group,Sri Sathya Seva Organizations Karnataka
Nov 2014
Contamination of the drinking water source Bathing
Washing near water source
Clothes
Animals
Utensils
Vehicles
Sewage drained into water source
Plastics items in water source
Diseases due to water contamination
Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waterborne_diseases
Waterborne diseases are caused by pathogenic microorganisms that most commonly are transmitted in contaminated fresh water. Infection commonly results during bathing, washing, drinking, in the preparation of food, or the consumption of food thus infected.
Bacterial infections
Botulism Campylobacteriosis Cholera E. coli Infection M. marinum infection Dysentery Legionellosis Leptospirosis Otitis Externa Salmonellosis Typhoid fever Vibrio Illness
Parasitic infections
Schistosomiasis Dracunculiasis Tapeworms Fasciolopsiasis Dwarf Tapeworm Hydatid disease Ascariasis Enterobiasis
Viral infections
SARS Hepatitis Poliomyelitis Polyomavirus
Infection
Protozoal infections
Amoebiasis Cryptsporidiosis Cyclosporiasis Giardiasis Microsporidiosis
Remedial measures
Provide clean water for drinking & cooking.
Water source is out of bounds for cleaning.
Redirecting bathing and washing water away from water source
Avoid stagnantion of water.
Building designated washing areas in village
Reuse of waste water for farming
Awareness: dispose pesticide residues & waste water after cleaning pesticide containers properly.
Causes for Severe Water Contamination Unscientific Festival Visarjan
Fertilizer Overuse
Pesticide misuse
Result Large scale Fish kill
Birds in untreated sewage
Requires intervention of experts and a largescale changes in habits and practices.
If implemented, it will bring lot of good.
Contamination Free Water Source
Seva Action Items Establishing designated areas for cleaning Proper drainage of waste water Re-use of waste water to grow fodder Awareness programs Eco friendly Idol Visarjan techniques Expert intervention in fertilizer and pesticide use
Impact of lack of toilets in villages
The lack of toilets means lack of Hygiene and this results in:
Loss of labour productivity (people keep falling sick)
Financial Loss ( loss of pay and cost of treatment)
Reduced cognitive development skills
Low quality of life.
Causes ill health due tolack of toilets in villages
Increased bacterial contamination ( microbial load)
Increase in occurance of communicable diseases Increase in intestinal worm infestation High Infant mortality
Contamination of water sources
Threat to humans, livestock, flora and fauna Breeding ground for mosquitos and flies etc. Source of pollution.
Lower scores in all important indices and development metrics
Diseases occuring due tolack of toilets in villages
Intestinal Worm infestation
Diarrhea
Upper respiratory tract infection
Anemia
Water borne diseases
Cholera Typhoid, Jaundice etc. Diseases spread by mosquitos:
Dengue, Chickengunia, Malaria
Malnutrition in women & children
Repeated bouts on Diarrhea leading to Enteropathy ( inability of intestines to absorb nutrition due to reduced intestinal villi)
Intestinal Worm infestation
Anemia
Poor diet due to poverty
How to combat malnutrition
Medicine to remove intestinal worms ( every 6 months)
Importance of handwash
Use of footwear
Building usable toilets
Awareness program to promote toilet usage.
Availability of water facility for drinking and cooking.
Availability of clean water for washing
Proper drainage of waste water.
SSSVIP volunteer action items for door to door program
Handwash program: teaching people how to wash hands
Making all the people wash their hands throughly
Distribution of adequete carbolic soap
Cutting Nails & distributing nail cutters.
Distributing shampoos to remove lice for all
Awareness to remove bed-bugs
Awareness to wash clothes in clean water ( & not in village pond)
Awareness to take bath regularly.
Awarenesss and programs to remove stagnant water
Awareness to compost all the waste in village.
Mosquito curtains to houses.
Periodic dental camps.
SSSVIP door to door nutrition program
Amruta Kalasha
Sai Protein distribution + teaching how to prepare SaiProtein.
Calcium / Vitamin supplimentation
Deworming + MMR program
Nutritious food to children like Sai Protein biscuits, ground nut chikki etc.
Nutritious food + Folic acid + Iron Suppliments to expectent mothers.
Palak / Greens seeds, Papaya, drumstic ( saplings / seeds) for kitchen garden for each house.