Download - ODD: OODA Evolution
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OODA Model
OODA models are for strategy and tactics and model how people react to observations.
• Observe
• Orient
• Decide (Hypothesis)
• Act (Test)
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OODA Model
Explains how to react to Unfolding Circumstances and Outside Information.
• Also for commercial operations and learning operations
• Favours agility over raw power in dealing with obstacles
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Orient Stage
Inside of the Orient stage are a smaller model of the interactions between:
• Cultural Traditions
• Genetic Heritage
• New Information
• Analysis and Synthesis
• Previous Experiences
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Obstacle Driven Development Software Model
Each stage has tests created prior to solutions as with a scientific method.
• Tests created provide verification
• Solutions created according to tests provide validation
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Obstacle Driven Development Software Model
Based on a combination of Test Driven Development and V-models.
• V & inverted V-models for development of stages
• Tests are created first for each stage
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Obstacle Driven Development Software Model
Relative height of the model indicates the abstraction level.
• Gives a layered architecture to models
• We integrate or decompose to complete each stage
• Product and function are highest and lowest
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Similarities
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Similarities were identified between the OODA model and Obstacle Driven Development (software model shown).
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Similarities
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• Observe ≈ Analysis
• Orient ≈ Behaviours
• Coding ≈ Decide
• Act ≈ Application
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ODD Software Model
Each stage of ODD drives development of the next through creation of tests for the obstacles.
• Each stage creates tests for the next
• Each stages solves tests from the previous
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ODD Software Model
Obstacle Driven Development models include checkpoints.
These are:
• Requirements
• Documents
• Software
• Product
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ODD Engineering Model
Obstacle Driven Development was originally an engineering method.
• Problems with the model solved through studying military and sports strategy
• Adapted to other fields since
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ODD OODA Model
Applying Observe, Orient, Decide and Act stages to an M-model.
• Fully testable model useful to develop strategy and training
• Checkpoints at the end of each stage
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OODPAA Model
Adding Stages of Prepare and Assemble gives a new level of Strategic organisation.
• Prepare is logistics of supplies and equipment
• Assemble is locating in the correct place
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OODA.SE Model
M-models repeat for continuous improvement as demonstrated by the diamond model.
• Each stage is linked through creating and solving tests
• Act and Result join with Observe and Requirements
• Act and Observe linked through Affect and Assess
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Combining the Models
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Combining the models was a simple process with the similarities between them. Feedback and other features were added to the ODD OODA model.
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Combined ODD OODA Model
Combining the ODD and OODA models leads to this model.
• Decision block is included before Act
• All feedback and feedforwards paths are included
• Adaptions to the Orient stage
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Combined ODD OODA Model
• Observe now contains New Information and Analysis
• Orient now contains Previous Experience and Tradition + Heritage
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Combined ODD OODPAA Model
Adding the Supply and Assemble stages gives the model a further strategic level.
• Supply and Assemble feedback to Observe
• Preparing and Assembling is essential to success
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Generic Model
Examining similarities between ODD and OODA led to a generic model being created.
• Each stage is a combination of ODD and OODA
• Other models have been created from this model
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PDCA Model
PCDA is a business method for control and continual improvement of processes and products.
• Creates a culture of problem solvers and critical thinkers
• Also called Plan, Do, Study, Act
• Another version adds Observe to make OPDCA
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APDA Model
Combining PCDA with ODD gives an APDA model.
• Analysis stage begins the method
• Check is implicit between stages
• Full verification and validation between stages
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Further Information and Questions
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Legal Stuff
ReferencesTest Driven Development for Embedded C
James Grenning, 2011
Test Driven Development
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test-driven development
Behaviour Driven Development
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Behavior-driven development
Unit Testing
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unit testing
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