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Robert Browning, Percy Bysshe Shelley, William Blake and William Wordsworth are all Romantic Poets.
Ozymandias is based upon the Egyptian pharaoh Ramesses II.
Ozymandias follows the sonnet structure and is written in Iambic Pentameter.
London uses an alternate rhyme scheme.
William Blake was critical of religious institutions and the monarchy.
Wordsworth wrote predominantly about man's relationship with nature.
My Last Duchess is a dramatic monologue, written using rhyming couplets of iambic pentameter.
Alfred Lord Tennyson was Poet Laureate, who wrote about the mistakesand subsequent casualties during the Battle of Balaclava on 25tHOctober 1854 in the Crimean War.
Wilfred Owen was an Officer in WWI who wrote extensively about the horrors and psychological effects of war.
Exposure employs Pathetic Fallacy to emphasis the terrible conditionsof trench warfare.
Carol Rumens, writer of The Emigree, is interested in the ‘importance of elsewhere.’
Sunlight is the main motif in The Emigree.
The Emigree is about the conflicting sense of identity caused by migration.
John Agard wrote Checkin Out Me History as a comment on the bias of the British education system.
Checkin Out Me History is a performance poem.
John Agard writes in a West Indian dialect.
John Agard writes about real black historical figures such as Mary Seacole and Nanny the Maroon.
Kamikaze pilots are Japanese suicide pilots of WW2.
The poem Kamikaze only consists of three sentences.
Beatrice Garland wrote the poem Kamikaze to make us think aboutthe impact of modern terrorism on society.
"Spits like a tame cat turned savage" is an example of a simile used in Storm on the Island.
"Exploding comfortably" is an example of an oxymoron.
"Smacking the belly out of the air" is an example of personificationused in Bayonet Charge.
"He lugged a rifle as numb as a smashed arm" is a simile used in Bayonet Charge.
"Spools of suffering" is an example of alliteration use in War Photographer.
"A half formed ghost" is an example of a metaphor from War Photographer.
Seamus Heaney was a famous Irish poet who wrote Storm on the Island.
Ted Hughes, who wrote Bayonet Charge, had no experience of war himself.
As well as writing poetry, Jane Weir was a textile designer.
"King, honour, human dignity, etcetera" is a quote from Bayonet Charge.
Women in the Jacobean era were viewed as weak, inferior and innocent in comparison to men – Lady Macbeth subverts this view.
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Macbeth was written in 1606.
James I was king when Macbeth was written.
The gunpowder plot took place a year before Shakespeare wroteMacbeth.
Women in the Jacobean era were viewed as weak, inferior andinnocent in comparison to men – Lady Macbeth subverts this view.
Macbeth is a tragedy.
People who lived during the time of King James I reign are known as Jacobean.
Before Macbeth kills King Duncan, he states "Is this a dagger which I see before me, the handle toward my hand? Come, let me clutch thee."
A theme that runs through Macbeth is ambition. This is evident in the quote "If chance will have me king, why, chance may crown me."
"Like valour's minion carved out his passageby all components."
Till he faced the slave." This metaphor is used to describe Macbeth as a hero is Act 1.
In act 3, scene 4 Macbeth believes that he is stuck and cannot go back or forwards since choosing to kill King Duncan. He states "I am in bloodsteepp'd in so far, that, should I wade no more, returning were as tedious as go o'ver."
"Will all great Neptune's ocean wash this blood clean from my hands? No, this my hand will rather the multitdinous ses incarnadine, making the green one red" This Hyperbole describes Macbeth’s guilt.
LADY MACBETH: Come you spirits that tend on mortal thoughts, unsex me here (Act 1 Scene 5)
LADY MACBETH: Your hand, your tongue; look like th’ innocent flowerbut be the serpent under’t (Act 1 Scene 5)
LADY MACBETH: How tender tis to love the babe that milks me, I would, while it was smiling in my face, have pluck’d my nipple from his boneless gums and dash’d the brains out, had I so sworn as you havedone to this (Act 1 Scene 7)
LADY MACBETH: My hands are of your colour but I shame to wear a heart so white. (Act 2 Scene 2)
MACDUFF: O gentle lady, 'Tis not for you to hear what I can speak: The repetition in a woman's ear Would murder as it fell (Act 2 Scene 3– to Lady Macbeth)
MACBETH: When now I think you can behold such sights and keep thenatural ruby of your cheeks when mine is blanch’d with fear (Act 3 Scene 4 – to Lady Macbeth)
LADY MACBETH: Out damned spot, out I say! (Act 5 Scene 1)
LADY MACBETH: Yet who would’ve thought the old man to have so much blood in him? (Act 5 Scene 1)
LADY MACBETH: All the perfumes of Arabia will not sweeten this little hand. (Act 5 Scene 1)
Banquo has one son that we know of – Fleance – Banquo’s children and issue will later become King.
King James I was rumoured to be a descendant of a Scottishnobleman called Banquo.
BANQUO: You should be women, And yet your beards forbid me tointerpret That you are so. (Act 1 Scene 3 – to the witches)
BANQUO: Good sir why do you start and seem to fear things that do sound so fair. (Act 1 Scene 3 – to Macbeth)
BANQUO: To me you speak not. If you can look into the seeds of time, And say which grain will grow and which will not, Speak, then, to me, who neither beg nor fear Your favors nor your hate. (Act 1 Scene 3 – to the witches)BANQUO: Thou hast it now—king, Cawdor, Glamis, all, As the weird women promised, and I fear Thou played'st most foully for't. (Act 3 Scene 1 – about Macbeth)
BANQUO: May they not be my oracles as well, And set me up in hope (Act 3 Scene 1)
MACBETH: For Banquo’s issue have I filed my mind, for them the gracious Duncan I have murdered. (Act 3 Scene 1)
SOTF was written in the Victorian era.
The protagonist is called Sherlock Holmes.
The narrator is Dr. Watson.
Pathetic fallacy is when the mood reflects the mood of the story.
Thaddeus' Sholto’s house is described as ‘an oasis of art in the howling desert of South London."
Sherlock Holmes is described as: ‘He likes to keep his mind occupied’
'He whipped out his lens' – whipped is a verb.
Methodical means orderly.
Dr Watson is described as his ‘right hand man’
Dr. Watson is in love with Mary Morsten.
Sherlock Holmes is described as an ‘automaton’ and a ‘machine’
Dr. Watson says he could have ‘struck the man upon his face’ when he is Thaddeus' Sholto is insensitive to Mary.
'Fervently' means enthusiastically.
The dog is called ‘Toby’
Priestly was a cofounder of the socialist party.
An Inspector Calls in set in 1912.
"The Titanic- she sails next week- every luxury and unsinkable." Shows that Arthur Birling is an unreliable character.
Mr. Brling key quote: "A man has to mind his own business and look after himself."
Mr. Brling key quote: "heavy-looking, rather portentous man."
In An Inspector Calls, the Inspector directs this quote at the family "After all it's better to ask for the earth than to take it"?
One of the key themes in the play is social duty.
In the play, the surname Smith is a universal surname used to representmankind as a whole- Priestley is using it to show that we are all like Evaand John Smith and that we shouldn't ignore one another's needs.
In the following quote, the Inspector uses short declarative sentences toemphasise his point to the family, "Each of you helped to kill her. Remember that. Never forget it."
The play was first performed in 1946, Priestley uses the events to foreshadow the First World War and the terrible situation England wasdue to attitudes around 1912, when the play was set.
The family are guilty as they all played a part in Eva Smith's death.
The Inspector acts as a mouthpiece for the people who were being mistreated at that time.
"You’ve had children. You must have known what she was feeling. And you slammed the door in her face." The Inspector is talking to Mrs Birling.
The family are questioned in the following order; Birling, Sheila, Gerald, Mrs Birling, Eric.
In the following quote, the Inspector uses short declarative sentences to emphasise his point to the family, "Each of you helped to kill her. Remember that. Never forget it."
The play was first performed in 1946, Priestley uses the events toforeshadow the First World War and the terrible situation England was due to attitudes around 1912, when the play was set.
Pythagoras a2 = b2 + c2
The longest side of a right-angled triangle is called the hypotenuse.
sinA = opposite / hypotenuse
cosA = adjacent / hypotenuse
tanA = opposite / adjacent
There are 900 in a right-angle.
Angles on a line add up to 1800
Angles about a point add up to 3600
Vertically opposite angles are equal.
The angles in a triangle add up to 1800
The angles in a quadrilateral add up to 3600
The angles inside a polygon are called interior angles.
Interior angle + exterior angle = 1800
The exterior angles in every polygon add up to 3600
A face is a surface of a 3D shape.
An edge joins to vertices (corners).
A vertice is a corner of a shape.
Parallel lines are always the same distance apart so they never meet.
Perpendicular lines meet at a right angle.
Numerator is the top number in a fraction.
Denominator is the bottom number in a fraction.
A mixed number has a whole number and a fraction left over.
An improper fraction has a numerator larger than a denominator.
Bearings measure clockwise from north and must be 3 digits.
All the sides are equal and all the angles are equal in a regular polygon.
Parallel lines. Alternate (Z) angles are equal.
Parallel lines. Corresponding (F) angles are equal.
Parallel lines. Allied (C) angles add up to 1800
An equilateral triangle has 3 equal sides and 3 equal angles (600)
An Isosceles triangle has 2 equal sides and 2 equal angles (opposite each other)
A right-angled triangle has exactly one right-angle.
The sum of the interior angles in an N-sided polygon is found using: (N– 2) x 1800
A scalene triangle has 3 different sides and 3 different angles.
Quadrilaterals: Square, rectangle, rhombus, parallelogram, Trapezium, Kite.
The perimeter is the total length around the edge of a shape.
Length is measured in mm, cm, m, km
The area of a shape is the amount of surface covered by it.
Area is measured in square units. mm2, cm2, m2
The volume of a solid is a measure of the space taken by it.
Volume is measured in cubed units eg. cm3, m3
Area of a trapezium = ½ x sum of the parallel sides x perpendicular height. A = ½ (a + b) h
Area of a square = length squared. A = l2
Area of a rectangle = length x width. A = lw
Area of a triangle = half x base x perpendicular height. 2or A = ½ bh or A = bh
Area of a Parallelogram = base x perpendicular height. A = bh
Volume of a cuboid = length x width x height. V = lwh
Volume of a prism = x-sectional area x length. V = A l
√25 (square root of 25) means, what number did you square to make 25.
3√8 (cube root of 8) means what number did you cube to make 8.
The perimeter of a circle is called the circumference.
The diameter of a circle is the distance across the circle passing itscentre.
The radius of a circle is the distance from the centre to thecircumference.
The circumference of a circle = pi x diameter. C = πD or C = 2πr
The area of a circle = pi x radius squared. A = πr2
Mean, median and mode are averages.
To find the mean add up all of the data and divide by the amount of data.
To find the median put the data in ascending order then find the middle value.
The mode is the most common number. There can be more than one mode or no mode.
Range is the biggest value minus the smallest value.
A factor is a number that can be divided into another number with no remainder.
Surface area of a solid measures the area of all the faces addedtogether.
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A multiple is a number in the same times table as the original number.
A prime number has two different factors only, 1 and itself.
The first ten prime numbers are 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23 and 29
Reciprocal means what number must you multiply the question by to make minus 1.
BIDMAS is the order calculations are done - B brackets I indices DM divide or multiply AS add/subtract.
Index form includes powers. Eg 33 x 42 x 51
All numbers can be written as a product of prime numbers. 60 = 2 x 2 x 3 x 5
Writing 60 as a product of primes in index form is 22x 3 x 5
A number written in standard form looks like A x 10n where A is a number between 1 and 10.
The general equation of a straight line is: y = mx + c
The gradient (m) of line is how steep the line is.
The y intercept (c) is where the line crosses the y axis.
Significant figures are non-zero values. Once you have established significance, all other number after are significant.
> means greater than.
< means less than.
≥ means greater than or equal to.
≤ means less than or equal to.
= means identical to.
The first 15 square numbers: 1,4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81, 100, 121, 144, 169, 196, 225
The first 10 cube numbers: 1, 8, 27, 64, 125, 216, 343, 512, 1000
The tangent to a circle or graph is a straight line that touches only once.
A sector of a circle is a fraction of the total area of the circle.
An arc is part of the circumference of a circle.
Expanding brackets means the same as multiplying out brackets.
Algebraic substitution involves replacing letters with numbers to work out an answer.
Only add or subtract fractions with the same denominator.
When multiplying fractions, multiply the numerators then multiply the denominators.
When dividing fractions keep the first fraction the same, change to a multiply and flip the second fraction. Multiply as normal.
A common noun is a word (other than a pronoun) used to identify any of a class of people, places, or things.
Decimal places are the amount of numbers after the decimal point.
A noun is a word (other than a pronoun) used to identify any of a class of people, places, things, thoughts and feelings.
An abstract noun is a word used to identify a thought or feeling, e.g. love or anger.
A pronoun is a word that is used instead of a name, e.g. I, you, he, she, them, we, us.
A collective noun is a noun used to describe a group of people/things, e.g. ‘a flock of sheep.’
A proper-noun refers to names of people or places, e.g. James or England.
A verb is a word used to describe an action, state, or occurrence, and forms the main part of a sentence, such as hear, become, happen.
A stative verb is a verb used to describe a state or situation as opposed to an action or process. Common examples include be, have, like, seem, prefer, understand, doubt, know, dream, behave.
An adjective describes a noun.
A base adjective is the basic form of an adjective that will change the noun, e.g. big, interesting.
A comparative adjective is a form of an adjective used to compare two instances either adding ‘er’ or using ‘more’ e.g. ‘the parcel was bigger’ ‘the first game was more interesting than the second.’
A superlative adjective is a form of adjective that is used to compare more than two instances, identifying the best example. E.g. ‘that was the biggest parcel.’ That was the most interesting game.’
A conjunction is a word used to connect clauses or sentences or to coordinate words in the same clause.
A coordinating conjunction links words or larger structures together e.g. and, but, or, yet etc.
Adverbs don’t always end in ‘ly.’
An adverb is a word or phrase that modifies the meaning of an adjective, verb, or other adverb, expressing manner, place, time, or degree. E.g. gently, here, now, very, never etc.
An intensifier is a type of adverb used to emphasise a point, e.g. ‘She was extremely rude.’
A preposition is a word governing, a noun or pronoun and expressing a relation to another word or element in the clause, as in ‘the man on the platform’, ‘she arrived after dinner’, ‘what did you do it for?’
A simple sentence includes a subject and a verb, sometimes an object.
A compound sentences contain two or more pieces of information and the pieces are linked by connectives.
A complex sentence includes a main clause and a subordinating clause.
A compound, complex sentence includes a compound sentence with a subordinating clause.
A noun phrase is a group of words centred around a noun- it will not contain a verb otherwise it would transform it into a simple sentence.
A verb phrase is a phrase centred around a verb.
An adverbial phrase is a group of two or more words operating adverbially, meaning their function is to change the verb in the sentence.
A metaphor is a figure of speech in which a word or phrase is applied to an object or actionto which it is not literally applicable.
A simile is a figure of speech involving the comparison of one thing with another thing of a different kind, used to make a description more vivid (e.g. as brave as a lion). You use the words ‘as’ or ‘like’ to make the comparison.
Personification is the attribution of a personal nature or human characteristics to something non-human.
Sibilance is the repetition of words starting with the letter ‘s’ or ‘sh.’
Alliteration is the occurrence of the same letter or sound at the beginning of closely connected words.
A subordinating conjunction links clauses together to show one is dependent on the other, e.g. because, although, while, for etc.
Repetition is where writers repeat words or phrases for particular effects.
Hyperbole is when writers exaggerate something dramatically.
Onomatopoeia is where words sound like their action, e.g. ‘buzz’ ‘bang’ ‘splash.’
Juxtaposition is where two different things in a text are placed close together for contrasting effect.
An oxymoron is when two words next to each other oppose one another, e.g. ‘he was falsely true.’
Pathetic Fallacy in a text is where the weather mirrors the mood/tone of the text. E.g. a stormy scene in a horror writing.
Anthropomorphism is where you give an animal a human quality.
Direct address in writing is where the writer speaks directly to the reader, e.g. ‘You would love it.’
An anecdote is a short personal story.
A fact is a thing that is known or proved to be true.
An opinion is a view or judgement formed about something, not necessarily based on fact or knowledge.
A rhetorical question is a question asked in order to create a dramatic effect or to make a point rather than to get an answer.
Emotive language is Emotive language describes words and phrases meant to evoke an emotional response to a subject.
Rule of three is used in writing to add more detail about something/someone. E.g. The holiday was sunny, picturesque and enjoyable.
Tone, in writing, is an attitude of a writer toward a subject or an audience. Tone is generally conveyed through the choice of words.
A declarative sentence is a statement.
An interrogative sentence is a question.
An imperative sentence is an order.
An exclamative sentence is a sentence that contains an exclamation mark.
A broadsheet newspaper is a newspaper with a large format, regarded as more serious and less sensationalist than tabloids.
A tabloid is a newspaper with a compact page size smaller than broadsheet. The term tabloid journalism refers to an emphasis on such topics as sensational crime stories, astrology, celebrity gossip and television.
A headline/heading is at the top of an article or page in a newspaper or magazine.
A sub-heading in a newspaper is a heading given to a subsection of a piece of writing.
A leaflet is a printed sheet of paper containing information or advertising and usually distributed free.
A leaflet should contain a bullet-pointed list.
An article is a piece of writing included with others in a newspaper, magazine, or other publication.
A speech is a formal address or discourse delivered to an audience.
A letter is a written, typed, or printed communication, sent in an envelope by post or messenger.
In a letter your address goes on the top right.
A statistic is a fact that contains numerical data.
In a letter the recipient’s (person receiving the letter) address goes on the left- closest to their name.
The purpose of a text= why it is written, e.g. to inform, persuade, explain, instruct, describe, entertain, argue etc.
Persuasive language is defined as presenting reasons and examples to influence action or thought.
Informative language is something that contains useful, helpful or relevant information or details.
Advisory language is giving information and often recommending action to be taken in regards to this.
To summarise something means to give a brief statement of the main points of something.
A semi colon is most commonly used to link (in a single sentence) two independent clauses that are closely related in thought.
A colon is used instead of a semicolon may be used between independent clauses when the second sentence explains, illustrates, paraphrases, or expands on the first sentence. Example: He got what he worked for: he really earned that promotion. A colon can also be used to introduce a list. ‘I am’ is the shortest sentence in the English language as it contains a pronoun and a verb.
Archaic language is language that is no longer used because it is outdated.
An acronym is an abbreviation formed from the initial letters of other words and pronounced as a word (e.g. NASA or LOL).
An initialism is an abbreviation formed from the initial letters of other words and pronounced as individual letters (e.g. I.C.U for Intensive Care Unit in a hospital).
Contractions are when words are shortened, e.g. “do not becomes don’t.”
The register of a text means whether the writing is formal/informal.
Informal language is language which has an informal register, it will use shorter, less complex points and will use contractions. It may also sound quite chatty (colloquial).
The structure of an extract is how the writer has built the text or paragraph to achieve certain effects.
A narrative hook is a technique in the opening of a story that "hooks" the reader's attention so that he or she will keep on reading.
Narrative perspective determines by whom the story is actually told.
First person narrative means the narrator is also a character in the story who gives his or her view on what is happening.
Third person narrative is when the story has a narrator who is not a character but describes what it happening.
Tense is a category that expresses time reference with reference to the moment of speaking in a narrative. This can be past, present or future tense.
Chronological order is when a story goes in time order of the events happening.
Cyclical structure is when writing begins and ends with a similar idea, event, character or description.
A flashback is used in stories to insert past events, in order to provide background or context to the current events of a narrative.
Foreshadowing refers to the use of a word or phrase and hints that set the stage for a story to unfold and give the reader a hint of something that is going to happen without revealing the story or spoiling the suspense.
Apostrophe of possession is used to show something belongs to something/someone, e.g. The boy’s book.
Apostrophe of omission is used to contract words, e.g. do not becomes don’t… the apostrophe is used to
Paper 1 in your English language GCSE will require you to analyse a fictional extract and write a fictional piece.
Formal language is language which has a formal register, it will use longer, complex developed points and will not use contractions.
Progress Evening 3.00-7.00pm
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Regular revision of topicsand practice questions Exam Revision
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Christmas Week off
