Transcript
  • 1. OCCUPATIONAL HAZARDS & ITS PROPHYLAXIS 1
  • 2. WHY? 1) To make the 2 students aware of the dangers of most kinds of jobs or professions 2) To see if the student can cope with the hazards of a career 3) To help students make wise career choices
  • 3. TYPES OF HAZARDS 3 BEHAVIORAL PHYSICAL CHEMICAL BIOLOGICAL
  • 4. What is Occupational safety and health? Occupational safety and health is a discipline with a broad scope involving many specialized fields.
  • 5. Objective of Occupational Safety and Health 1994 (Act 514). (a) to secure the safety, health and welfare of persons at work against risks 5 (b) to protect persons life (c) to promote a safe occupational environment for persons at work which is adapted to their physiological and psychological needs (d) to provide,maintain or improve the standards of safety and health
  • 6. OSH concept SAFETY ACCIDENT INCIDENT HAZARDS Hazard : is any source of potential damage, harm or adverse health effects on something or someone under certain conditions at work Risk : is the chance or probability that a person will be harmed or experience an adverse health effect if exposed to a hazard
  • 7. OSH concept SAFETY ACCIDENT INCIDENT HAZARDS 1) RISK is manageable 2) REDUCE possibility of Accident thus reduce casualties Incident - undesired circumstance that produces the potential for an accident Accident - is defined as an unplanned event that results in personal injury or property damage.
  • 8. 1.2 History of OSH LORD ROBENS British 1. Self Regulatory Legislation (1974)-UK 2. Quality Management Movement (1970) -Japan OSHA Malaysia (1994) selepas Kejadian Bright Sparcklers di Sungai Buluh -1992
  • 9. THE HISTORY OF BRIGHT SPARKLE Afternoon of Tuesday, May 7, 1991 in Sungai Buloh, Selangor. Bright Sparkle Sdn. Bhd. 'Hiroshima Sg, Buloh Explosion 200 tons of sulphur effects Shaking up to seven kilometers from the location of the tragedy. Fireworks factory tragedy gave to the country's history.
  • 10. 2. HISTORY OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH Act 514 Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994 Regulations under OSHA 1994 Occupational Safety and Health (Safety and Health Officer) Order 1997 Occupational Safety and Health (Prohibition of Use of Substance) Order 1999 Guidelines Code of practice
  • 11. MINISTRY OF HUMAN RESOURCES 16
  • 12. Carta aliran konsep keselamatan di tempat kerja di Msia Kerajaan Msia Kementerian Sumber Manusia Jabatan Keselamatan dan Kesihatan Pekerjaan (DOSH) NIOSH OSHA
  • 13. NIOSH National Institute Occupational safety and Health (Institut Keselamatan dan Kesihatan Pekerjaan Negara)
  • 14. NIOSH provide training and research on occupational safety and health. short courses. offer training courses to industry. organize courses for upgrade the skills of workers
  • 15. Social Security Organization (SOCSO) An organization set up to administer, enforce and implement the Employees Social Security Act, 1969 and the Employees Social Security (General) Regulation 1971. Commonly known as Perkeso or Pertubuhan Keselamatan Sosial in Malay term.
  • 16. Role Social Security Organization (SOCSO) Provide social security protection by social insurance including medical, cash benefits, provision of artificial aids and rehabilitation to employees to reduce the sufferings. Provides social security protection by social insurance including medical and cash benefits Provision of artificial aids and rehabilitation to employees to reduce the suffering and provide financial guarantees and protection to the family
  • 17. Application of OSHA 26 Apply throughout Malaysia to the industries as follows (First Schedule ) Manufacturing; Mining and Quarrying; Construction; Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing; Utilities such as Electricity, Gas, Water and sanitary Services; Transport, Storage and Communication; Wholesale and Retail Trades; Hotels and Restaurants; Finance, Insurance, Real Estate and Business Services Public Services and Statutory Authorities
  • 18. OSH LAWS IN MALAYSIA 1. Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994 (OSHA 94) 2. Factories and Machinery Act 1967 (FMA 67) 3. Electricity Supply Act 1990 (ESA 90) 4. Environment Quality Act 1974 (EQA 74) 5. Employees Social Security Act (SOCSO) 27 27
  • 19. SCOPE OF OSHA 1994 28 Includes ALL WORKING PERSONS Except ARMED FORCES PERSONNEL And CREW OF MERCHANT SHIPS
  • 20. 25 PROPHYLAXIS OF OCCUPATIONAL HAZARDS
  • 21. 26 LEVEL OF PREVENTIONS PRIMORDIAL PRIMARY SECONDARY TERTIARY
  • 22. PRIMORDIAL PREVENTION It is the prevention of the emergence or development of risk factors in countries or population groups in which they have not yet appeared 27 For example, many adult health problems (e.g., obesity, hypertension) have their early origins in childhood, because this is the time when lifestyles are formed (for example, smoking, eating patterns, physical exercise).
  • 23. PRIMARY PREVENTION Primary prevention can be defined as the action taken prior to the onset of disease, which removes the possibility 28 that the disease will ever occur. SECONDARY PREVENTION It is defined as action which halts the progress of a disease at its incipient stage and prevents complications. Secondary prevention attempts to arrest the disease process, restore health by seeking out unrecognized disease and treating it before irreversible pathological changes take place, and reverse communicability of infectious diseases.
  • 24. TERTIARY PREVENTION It is used when the disease process has advanced beyond its early stages. 29 It is defined as all the measures available to reduce or limit impairments and disabilities, and to promote the patients adjustment to irremediable conditions. Intervention that should be accomplished in the stage of tertiary prevention are disability, limitation, and rehabilitation.
  • 25. a) Use proper clothing and safety gear( mittens, ear cuffs, scarf, 30 bonnets, hats, etc -should not be too tight to allow ventillation b) Temperature in the workplace must be closely monitored c) Have regular medical check-ups d) Employees should be properly trained
  • 26. e) Make sure shoes, socks and boots are cleaned regularly f) Always have hot beverage available g) Eat enough protein and fats in your diet h) Boots should be waterproof i) Avoid touching cold metals with bare skin 31 j) Bring a thermometer k) Bring blankets and sheets in case someone gets too cold l) Use gas or electrical heaters
  • 27. THANK YOU! 32 Done by, Pamela Luwie (Group 331M)

Top Related