Nutrient Management Nutrient Management
UpdateUpdate
Josh McGrathJosh McGrath
DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
Laboratory for Agriculture and Environmental Studies
Josh McGrathJosh McGrath
Soil Fertility and Nutrient Management SpecialistSoil Fertility and Nutrient Management Specialist
AVAILAVAIL
SFP: AVAIL is a patented technology that surrounds phosphorus fertilizer in a water-soluble “shield.” By blocking the bonds of attraction of chemical elements in the soil to the phosphorus, more of the phosphorus is available for your crop to utilize.
AVAIL: Early Growth
100
120
140
160
180
Res
po
nse
(%
Co
ntr
ol)
w/o Avail w/ Avail
0
20
40
60
80
100
Res
po
nse
(%
Co
ntr
ol)
259 181 274 197 28 32 24 288 Mean
Soil Test P (FIV)
AVAIL: Yield
150
200
250
Yie
ld (
bu
/acr
e)
w/o Avail w/ Avail
0
50
100
Yie
ld (
bu
/acr
e)
259 181 274 197 28 32 24 288 Mean
Soil Test P (FIV)
Site BS Early Growth(2009 FIV = 25)
150
200
250
Ear
ly G
row
th (
% o
f C
on
tro
l) w/o Avail w/Avail
0
50
100
Ear
ly G
row
th (
% o
f C
on
tro
l)
5 10 20 30 Mean
Starter P Rate (lbs-P2O5/acre)
Site BS: P2O5 Uptake(2009 FIV = 25)
1.5
2
2.5
Up
take
(lb
s/ac
re)
w/o Avail w/Avail
0
0.5
1
P2O
5 U
pta
ke (
lbs/
acre
)
5 10 20 30 Mean
Starter P Rate (lbs-P2O5/acre)
Site BS: Yield(2009 FIV = 25)
150
200
250
Yie
ld (
bu
/acr
e)
w/o Avail w/Avail
0
50
100
Yie
ld (
bu
/acr
e)
0 5 10 20 30 Mean
Starter P Rate (lbs-P2O5/acre)
Con
trol
25 lb
N
N Enhancers Materials and Methods
• 42 Day experiment• Silt and Sandy Loam soils• Urea and UAN
– Agrotain– Agrotain– Agrotain Plus/SuperU– Nutrisphere
• Incubated at 77 0F and Forced air with compressor
UAN on Silty Loam
15
Vo
lati
lized
N (
% o
f A
pp
lied
)Bare Soil UAN Agrotain Agrotain Plus Nutrisphere
Day 3: UAN =NSN >Agrotain+ >Agrotain =Bare
Day 7: UAN =NSN =Agrotain+ >>Agrotain >Bare
0
5
10
0 3 6 9 12 15
Days After Application
Vo
lati
lized
N (
% o
f A
pp
lied
)
Urea on Silty Loam
40
50
60
Vo
lati
lized
N (
% o
f A
pp
lied
)
Bare Soil Urea Agrotain SuperU Nutrisphere
Day 3: Urea >NSN >>SuperU =Agrotain =Bare
Day 7: Urea >NSN >>SuperU =Agrotain =Bare
0
10
20
30
0 3 6 9 12 15
Days After Application
Vo
lati
lized
N (
% o
f A
pp
lied
)
UAN on Sandy Loam
10
15
Vo
lati
lized
N (
% o
f A
pp
lied
)
Bare Soil UAN Agrotain Agrotain Plus Nutrisphere
Day 3: UAN =NSN =Agrotain+ >Agrotain >Bare
Day 7: All Equal
0
5
10
0 3 6 9 12 15
Days After Application
Vo
lati
lized
N (
% o
f A
pp
lied
)
Urea on Sandy Loam
40
50
60
Vo
lati
lized
N (
% o
f A
pp
lied
)
Bare Soil Urea Agrotain SuperU Nutrisphere
Day 3: Urea =NSN >SuperU =Agrotain >Bare
Day 7: Urea >NSN =SuperU =Agrotain >Bare
0
10
20
30
0 3 6 9 12 15
Days After Application
Vo
lati
lized
N (
% o
f A
pp
lied
)
ESN/Agrotain Ammonia Losses
30
40
50
60
Cum
ulat
ive
Am
mon
ia L
oss
(%)
Urea
UAN
Urea+NBPT
UAN+NBPT
0
10
20
0 5 10 15 20
Cum
ulat
ive
Am
mon
ia L
oss
(%)
Days After Treatment
UAN+AgroPlus
UAN+CaTs
ESN
Source: Dr. W. Thornberry, Sturgis, KY; Dr. S. Ebelhar, Univ of IllinoisLaboratory incubation
Ammonia Volatilization: AT/NSNAmmonia Volatilization: AT/NSN
40
50
60
70
21-0-0-24 Urea Urea +AT Urea +NSN
Dr. Rick Norman, Univ. of Arkansas
NIT
RO
GE
N V
OL
AT
ILIZ
ED
(%
)
0
10
20
30
40
0 3 7 11 15
DAYS SINCE APPLICATION OF UREA FERTILIZER
NIT
RO
GE
N V
OL
AT
ILIZ
ED
(%
)
Ammonia Volatilization: AT/NSNAmmonia Volatilization: AT/NSN
25
30
35
40
45
Bare Soil Urea Urea +AT Urea +NSN
NIT
RO
GE
N V
OL
AT
ILIZ
ED
(%
)
0
5
10
15
20
25
1 3 5 7 10 14
Dr. Elizabeth GuertalAuburn University
DAYS SINCE APPLICATION OF UREA FERTILIZER
NIT
RO
GE
N V
OL
AT
ILIZ
ED
(%
)
Ammonia Volatilization: NSNAmmonia Volatilization: NSN
30
35
40
45
50
Urea Urea +NSN
NIT
RO
GE
N V
OL
AT
ILIZ
ED
(%
)
0
5
10
15
20
25
2 4 6 9 12 16
Dr. R. Jay GoosNorth Dakota State University
DAYS SINCE APPLICATION OF UREA FERTILIZER
NIT
RO
GE
N V
OL
AT
ILIZ
ED
(%
)
70
80
90
100
110
Normal NSN
Nutrisphere-N on Winter WheatG
rain
Yie
ld (
bu
/ac)
10
20
30
40
50
60
1 2 3 4 5 6 Avg
Gra
in Y
ield
(b
u/a
c)
160
210
Normal NSN
Nutrisphere-N on CornG
rain
Yie
ld (
bu
/ac)
10
60
110
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Avg
Gra
in Y
ield
(b
u/a
c)
70
80
90
100
110
None Agrotain
Agrotain on Winter WheatG
rain
Yie
ld (
bu
/ac)
10
20
30
40
50
60
1 2 3 4 5 6 Avg
Gra
in Y
ield
(b
u/a
c)
160
210
Normal NSN
Agrotain on CornG
rain
Yie
ld (
bu
/ac)
10
60
110
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Avg
Gra
in Y
ield
(b
u/a
c)
ESN vs Urea BOTH preplant
150
170
ESN Urea
Cor
n G
rain
Yie
ld (
bu/a
c)
151SANDY SOILS
50
70
90
110
130
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Mean
Nine Sites in Delaware from 2004 through 2009
Cor
n G
rain
Yie
ld (
bu/a
c)
120
ESN preplant vs UAN sidedress
160
170
180
190
ESNpp UAN sdd
Cor
n G
rain
Yie
ld (
bu/a
c)
161
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Mean
Nine Sites in Delaware from 2004 through 2008
Cor
n G
rain
Yie
ld (
bu/a
c)
148
Summary
• Avail no effect: Yield, P uptake, Early Growth
• Agrotain, Agrotain+, Super U: – Early NH -N suppression – Early NH3-N suppression – Varied depending on soil type (further studies)– UAN—Agrotain+: perhaps mixing issue
• Performed similarly to Agrotain in urea
• Nutrisphere: No significant effects