Download - NURS 1103 or HLSC 2613
Course ObjectivesCourse Objectives Apply basic principles of medical Apply basic principles of medical
word building.word building. Correctly pronounce medical terms.Correctly pronounce medical terms. Define common medical terms.Define common medical terms. Relate common medical terms to Relate common medical terms to
human anatomy and physiology; human anatomy and physiology; common disease states, and common disease states, and diagnostic testsdiagnostic tests..
Identify the medical terminology in Identify the medical terminology in medical record reports.medical record reports.
what are the Basic Elements what are the Basic Elements of of Medical Terminology Medical Terminology
prefix
root suffix
Medical terms Medical terms may havemay have 44 word word parts:parts:
1.1. RootRoot
2.2. PrefixPrefix
3.3. SuffixSuffix
4.4. Combining formCombining form
Word Roots (WR)Word Roots (WR) Usually derived form Greek or Usually derived form Greek or
Latin Latin Frequently indicates a body partFrequently indicates a body part Most medical terms have one or Most medical terms have one or
more word rootsmore word roots Gives basic meaning of termGives basic meaning of term
In medical terminology roots usually In medical terminology roots usually indicate a body part:indicate a body part:
cardi/ocardi/o
dent/odent/opulmon/pulmon/
oo
enter/oenter/o
Examples of Word RoodsExamples of Word RoodsGreek Word Word Root
Kardia (heart) Cardi
Gaster (stomach) Gastr
Hepar (liver) Hepat
Nephros (kidney) Nephr
Osteon (bone) oste
2.2. thethe prefixprefix isis a word part added a word part added beforebefore a a
root to modify its meaningroot to modify its meaning many medical terms do not many medical terms do not
have a prefixhave a prefix Usually indicates a number, Usually indicates a number,
time, position, direction, or colortime, position, direction, or color
Example:Example: prepretesttest
Prefix examples:Prefix examples: ““number” prefixesnumber” prefixes
uni- uni- (uni/lateral)(uni/lateral) bi- bi- (bi/lateral)(bi/lateral) tri- tri- (tri/)(tri/)
““time” prefixestime” prefixes pre- pre- (pre/test)(pre/test) post- post- (post/test)(post/test)
““position” prefixesposition” prefixes sub- sub- (sub/costal)(sub/costal) trans- trans- (trans/atlantic)(trans/atlantic) hypo- hypo- (hypo/dermic)(hypo/dermic)
““negation” prefixesnegation” prefixes a- a- (a/moral)(a/moral) an- an- (an/aerobic)(an/aerobic)
3.3. the the suffixsuffix isis a word part added to a word part added to endend of root to of root to
modify its meaningmodify its meaning most medical terms have a suffix most medical terms have a suffix
Word EndingWord Ending Suffix usually indicates a procedure, Suffix usually indicates a procedure,
condition, or diseasecondition, or disease
Example: root--Example: root--teachteach toto teachteacher
In medical terminology, a suffix In medical terminology, a suffix often times indicatesoften times indicates:: a procedure ( a procedure ( --ectomyectomy = surgical = surgical
removal of)removal of) append//ectomy
dermat//osis
tonsill//itis
a condition ( a condition ( --osis osis = abnormal = abnormal condition of) condition of)
a disease ( a disease ( --itisitis = inflammation of)= inflammation of)
usually an usually an “o”“o” that is used that is used between word parts between word parts
eases pronunciationeases pronunciation A A root wordroot word plus a plus a vowelvowel is is
referred to as a “referred to as a “combining formcombining form”.”.
4.Combining Forms (CF)4.Combining Forms (CF)
Combining Forms Combining Forms ExamplesExamples
Cardi/ + o = cardi/oCardi/ + o = cardi/o heart heart gastr/ + o = gastr/o gastr/ + o = gastr/o
stomachstomach hepat/ + o = hepat/ohepat/ + o = hepat/o liver liver nephr/ + o = nephr/onephr/ + o = nephr/o kidney kidney oste/ + o = oste/ooste/ + o = oste/o bone bone