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NRC Environmental Reviews for Uranium Recovery
Applicants and Licensees
James Park(301) 415-6935
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OBJECTIVES
Environmental Review Laws and Regulations
NRC’s Environmental Review Process
Environmental Reports
Issues
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ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW LAWS AND REGULATIONS
National Environmental Policy Act of 1969, as amended (NEPA)
Implementing Regulations
– CEQ Regulations: 40 CFR 1500-1508
– NRC Regulations: 10 CFR 51
Related Federal Laws
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NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY ACT
Sets national environmental policy
Requires detailed statement for all major federal actions significantly affecting the human environment
Established the Council on Environmental Quality (CEQ)
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CEQ REGULATIONS(40 CFR 1500-1508)
Details on procedures
Details on Environmental Impact Statements (EISs)
Other details that serve as useful guidance
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NRC REGULATIONS(10 CFR Part 51)
Implement NEPA requirements
10 CFR 51.20 – 51.22 (Types of Environmental Reviews)
10 CFR 51.30 – 51.35 (Environmental Assessment procedures)
10 CFR 51.70 – 51.94 (EIS procedures)
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RELATED FEDERAL LAWS
Endangered Species Act consultation for any Federal action which may
impact endangered or threatened species or critical habitat
National Historic Preservation Act consultation for any Federal action which may affect historic or cultural resources
Others (e.g., Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act)
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NRC’s ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW PROCESS
Purpose– To evaluate potential environmental impacts
from the Proposed Action and alternatives to it
– To provide information to the decision-maker
– To involve and inform the public
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PROCESS OVERVIEW
Take Action
EA
Process
Document
Conclusion
CATXApply?
FONSI?Record
Of
Decision
NO
NOYES
YES
EIS
Process
Proposed Action
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NRC STAFF GUIDANCE: NUREG-1748
Chapter 2 Chapters 4-5Chapter 3
Chapter 4
Chapter 3
Take Action
EA
Process
Document
Conclusion
CATXApply?
FONSI?Record
Of
Decision
NO
NOYES
YES
EIS
Process
Proposed Action
Chapter 6
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STARTING THE ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW
Take Action
EA
Process
Document
Conclusion
CATXApply?
FONSI?Record
Of
Decision
NO
NOYES
YES
EIS
Process
Proposed
Action
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ENVIRONMENTAL REPORTS
Applicant / licensee required to submit environmental information– Requirement: 10 CFR 51.60 (b)(1)(ii)– Content: 10 CFR 51.45
10 CFR 51.40
Pre-application consultation with NRC staff
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ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT CONTENT
General Information– Description of the Proposed Action– Purposes of the Proposed Action– Description of the Affected Environment– Impact of the Proposed Action on the
Environment– Identification of Adverse Impacts that
cannot be avoided– Alternatives to the Proposed Action
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ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT CONTENT
General Information (continued)– Relationship between local short-term uses
and long-term productivity
– Irreversible and irretrievable commitment of resources
Analysis– Environmental effects of Proposed Action,
Alternatives, and Mitigation
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ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT CONTENT
Status of Compliance– Federal permits, licenses, approvals to be
obtained
– Federal, State, regional and local environmental quality standards and requirements
Adverse Information– Include information adverse to the Proposed
Action
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EIS REQUIRED?
Take Action
EA
Process
Document
Conclusion
CATXApply?
FONSI?Record
Of
Decision
NO
NOYES
YES
EIS
Process
Proposed
Action
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EIS REQUIRED
10 CFR 51.20 (b)(8)
An EIS is required for “issuance of a license to possess and use source material for uranium milling”
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EIS PROCESS
Publish Notice of IntentScoping Comment PeriodScoping ReportDraft EIS preparedDraft EIS Public Comment PeriodFinal EIS PreparedDecision
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ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTSTYPES OF IMPACTS
Radiological and Non-radiological
Direct, Indirect, and Cumulative
Beneficial and Adverse
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ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS RESOURCE AREAS
Site and/or Facility, Regional Setting
Geology and Soils
Water Resources
– Groundwater contamination and/or use
– Surface Water contamination and/or use
– Note effluents with EPA/state permits
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ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS RESOURCE AREAS (cont’d.)
Ecology, Endangered Species
– ESA Section 7 consultation
Meteorology/Climatology, and Air Quality
– Note effluents with EPA / State permits
Noise
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Historic and Cultural Resources
– NHPA Section 106 consultation
Visual/Scenic Resources
Socioeconomics
Public Health
– focus is on Radiological Impacts
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS RESOURCE AREAS (cont’d.)
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Waste
– Generally, focus is on amount of waste generated and disposal method (i.e. air, water, or solid)
Transportation
– Primarily number of waste / material shipments
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS RESOURCE AREAS (cont’d.)
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ISSUES
Pre-approval activities (10 CFR 40.32(e))
Recency of environmental data
Use of regional environmental data
Consultations
Need for environmental review
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SUMMARY
Environmental Review Requirements
– NEPA
– 10 CFR 51
– Other Federal Laws
Environmental Review Process
– To aid the decision-maker
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SUMMARY (cont.)
Environmental Report to support license / amendment application
Environmental Impact Statement required for uranium milling licenses
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QUESTIONS