Copyright © 2014 NTT FACILITIES,INC. All Rights Reserved.
Negawatt Aggregation Services
in Japan
November 19, 2014
Kenji Yokoyama
Copyright © 2014 NTT FACILITIES,INC. All Rights Reserved.
1 Demand Response Market in Japan
Fiscal Year 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 ・・・ 2020
Electricity System
Reform
Negawatt
Transaction Market
▲
Cabinet
Decision
▲
Organization for
Nationwide Coordination
of Transmission Operators
▲
Full
Liberalization
▲
Separation of
transmission/
distribution
▲Negawatt Exchange
Market Open ▲ Negawatt
Market
Guideline
7.5~15.0 GW (Peak of power demand: 157GW)
Demand Response Market in Japan (year)
$375~750 M (DR price rate: $50000/MW/year)
A Negawatt exchange market is scheduled to be launched in 2017.
The demand response market scale is about $700M.
Copyright © 2014 NTT FACILITIES,INC. All Rights Reserved.
2 Technical Standardization of DR
METI and JSCA consider the OpenADR2.0 protocol to be the
standard of demand response in Japan.
Waseda university have evaluated this protocol based on Japanese
use cases.
http://www.waseda.jp/jp/news13/130722_adr.html
Copyright © 2014 NTT FACILITIES,INC. All Rights Reserved.
Negawatt Aggregation Service for business 3
Kansai Electric
Power Company
Kyushu Electric
Power Company
Tokyo Electric
Power Company
Shikoku Electric
Power Company
Chubu Electric
Power Company
Hokkaido Electric
Power Company
ENNET Electric Power Company
Electric power consumers get a financial incentive as a reward of
"Negawatts".
Negawatt aggregation service started in Japan from July, 2012.
Copyright © 2014 NTT FACILITIES,INC. All Rights Reserved.
4 contr
act
ele
ctr
icity(k
W)
500kW
50kW
Special high-voltage
customers (50,000)
Low-voltage users
(71 million)
・Smart meter and BAS/BEMS is already installed
in a building.
・There is a supply and demand adjustment contract.
・Smart meter and BAS/BEMS is not installed
in a building.
High-voltage
customers (770,000) Main Customers of Aggregator
Main Customers of Aggregator in Japan
Many special high-voltage customers are already have a supply and
demand adjustment contract with an electric power company.
Main customers of aggregators is the high-voltage ones in Japan.
Copyright © 2014 NTT FACILITIES,INC. All Rights Reserved.
5
air
conditioning
Others
Lighting
Controlling
Board
Outdoor
Equipment
Indoor
Equipment
Internet
24h×365days Server
Power Company
Demand of
power-saving Negawatt
Lighting
Remote Control(On/Off)
Demand Control (Autonomic Control)
Measurement and Control
Equipment(GMU)
Demand Control
Equipment
Electricity Meter
Electricity Meter
HTTPS
System Configuration for Aggregation
Power Company's
electricity meters
Lighting Lighting
Remote Control
Autonomic Control
Controlling
Board
Indoor
Equipment
Indoor
Equipment Digital Signage
Web and Toolbar in PC
Copyright © 2014 NTT FACILITIES,INC. All Rights Reserved.
<Best Effort Demand Response> <Auto-Demand Response>
Power Company Aggregator Customer
Demand of
Power Saving
Power Company Aggregator Customer
Demand
and Supply
Planning
Yes or No
Scheduling
[Tim
e]
Demand
and Supply
Adjustment
Negawatt Prediction
Automatic
Control
The end of power saving
Maintaining a comfortable
environment
Commitment of Negawatt
Demand
and Supply
Planning
The end of power saving
Voluntary
Power Saving
Action
Flow Charts of Demand Response 6
Demand of
Power Saving
On
th
e d
ay
Th
e d
ay b
efo
re
[Tim
e]
On
th
e d
ay
Th
e d
ay b
efo
re Demand of a certain amount of Power-Saving
We provide two types of demand response, “Best Effort” and “Auto”.
The auto-demand response is able to maximize the amount of
Negawatt while maintaining a comfortable environment.
Copyright © 2014 NTT FACILITIES,INC. All Rights Reserved.
7
Electric Power Company
A
Electric Power Company
B
Electric Power Company
C
Customer High-voltage
(more than 50kW)
High-voltage
(more than 50kW and less than
2,000kW)
High-voltage
(more than 50kW and less than
500kW)
Power -
Saving
Time Slot
Weekday, 13:00 to 16:00 Weekday, 13:00 to 16:00 Weekday, specified time slot
A Unit of
Measure
Amount of electricity
for 30 min.
Amount of electricity
for 30 min.
Amount of electricity
for 60 min.
Baseline Maximum value in a month Average value of top 4 days
in last 5 days
Value in same time slot
previous day
A Unit of
Price
¥15/kWh (Best effort)
¥30/kWh (AutoDR)
About ¥225/kWh
(Floating)
About ¥240/kWh
(Floating)
Aggregation Service Conditions
There is no penalty and no basic payment independent on demand response dispatch.
Copyright © 2014 NTT FACILITIES,INC. All Rights Reserved.
8 Number of Demand Response Dispatch
Fiscal Year
2012 2013
Summer Winter Summer Winter
Electric Power
Company A 2 1 0 0
Electric Power
Company B 1 - 7 5
Electric Power
Company C 0 - 0 0
Electric Power
Company D - 0 0 1
Electric Power
Company E - - - -
Electric Power
Company F - - - -
Demand responses have been dispatched only 17 times over two years
from 3 electric power companies.
Copyright © 2014 NTT FACILITIES,INC. All Rights Reserved.
9 Issues of Negawatt Aggregation Services
Low negawatt price
No standardized procedures
Equipment cost burden
Low dispatch numbers
These issues should be solved
to vitalize the nagawatt aggregation markets in Japan
Copyright © 2014 NTT FACILITIES,INC. All Rights Reserved.
Negawatt Aggregation for Condominium 10
7 11 16 23 24
10
20
30 .
(その他季)
(夏季)
(従来の料金)
(新たな時間帯別の料金)
時間[h]
単価[円/kWh]
昼間の単価を高く、朝晩・夜間の単価を低く設定。昼間の電力使用を
抑制して朝晩夜間に分散して使用すると電気料金が安くなるメニュー
昼間朝 晩 夜間夜間
Unit price(¥/kWh)
Time(h)
(Summer)
Common
price
Time-of-Use price
Night Morning Daytime Evening Night
(Others)
Communication line
Power line
Power Usage
DB Server
Demand Response
Ennet
Smart
Meter Power
Meter
Energy Visualization
Time-of-use Pricing
Smart
Meter
Smart
Meter
Smart
Meter
Power receiving and
transforming equipment
Electric power
retail company
Customer
②Request for load reduction
①Peak demand
④Discount
③Reduce electricityconsumption
Time
pow
er
consum
ption (
kW
)
Let's help
save energy
Customer’s
Power demand
data
We provide power supply service for condominium with smart meters.
EnneVision® offers energy visualization, time-of-use pricing and
demand response services.
Copyright © 2014 NTT FACILITIES,INC. All Rights Reserved.
Time-of-use Pricing Service
7 11 16 23 24
10
20
30 .
(その他季)
(夏季)
(従来の料金)
(新たな時間帯別の料金)
時間[h]
単価[円/kWh]
昼間の単価を高く、朝晩・夜間の単価を低く設定。昼間の電力使用を
抑制して朝晩夜間に分散して使用すると電気料金が安くなるメニュー
昼間朝 晩 夜間夜間
Unit price (¥/kWh)
Morning Daytime Evening Night Night
Time (h)
Time-of-use Pricing Summer
The other season
Common Pricing
The time-of-use pricing is higher in daytime and lower in evening and
night than the common pricing in the service.
11
Copyright © 2014 NTT FACILITIES,INC. All Rights Reserved.
Subscriber of
time-of-use rate Non-Subscriber
0.25
0.35
0.45
0.55
0.65
0.75
0.85
0:0
01
:00
2:0
03
:00
4:0
05
:00
6:0
07
:00
8:0
09
:00
10
:00
11
:00
12
:00
13
:00
14
:00
15
:00
16
:00
17
:00
18
:00
19
:00
20
:00
21
:00
22
:00
23
:00
kW
0.25
0.35
0.45
0.55
0.65
0.75
0.85
0:0
01
:00
2:0
03
:00
4:0
05
:00
6:0
07
:00
8:0
09
:00
10
:00
11
:00
12
:00
13
:00
14
:00
15
:00
16
:00
17
:00
18
:00
19
:00
20
:00
21
:00
22
:00
23
:00
kW
Morning Daytime Evening Morning Daytime Evening
2011:▲20%
2012:▲16%
2011:▲11%
2012:▲10%
2010年
2012年
2011年
2010年
2012年
2011年
Night Night
Effects of Time-of-use Pricing
The subscribers consume more electricity at morning and evening
The subscribers consumed more electricity in the morning and
evening inversely proportional to the time-of-use pricing.
The peak shift of 6-9% in daytime was confirmed by comparing the
electricity consumption of subscriber and non-subscriber.
12
Copyright © 2014 NTT FACILITIES,INC. All Rights Reserved.
Demand Response Service
Smartphone displaying
a demand of power saving
<Best Effort Demand Response>
Power Company Aggregator Customer
Demand of
Power Saving
[Tim
e]
Demand
and Supply
Planning
The end of power saving
Voluntary
Power Saving
Action
Demand of
Power Saving
On
th
e d
ay
Th
e d
ay b
efo
re
Financial
Incentive
Financial
Incentive
Condominium residents get a financial incentive as a reward of
"Negawatts".
The baseline is the value in same time slot previous day
13
Copyright © 2014 NTT FACILITIES,INC. All Rights Reserved.
-
0.20
0.40
0.60
0.80
前日使用電力 当日使用電力
〔kW〕 Power reduction rate of
power-saving residents(y%)
No
Power-saving
power-saving
Effects of Demand Response
x %
(100-x)% Ratio of the
number of power-
saving residents
(x%)
Power reduction
rate of power-
saving residents
(y%)
July to Sept.
2011 43% 25%
Dec. to Feb.
2011 40% 39%
July to Sept.
2012 35% 39%
Energy Consumption
One day before DR day
descending ascending
Only about 40% of residents reduced the energy consumption
according to the demand response.
The power reduction rate of the power-saving residents was about
35%, but no total power was reduced in this service.
No total power was reduced
in the demand response
14
Ratio of the number
of residents
Copyright © 2014 NTT FACILITIES,INC. All Rights Reserved.
~
Electricity Supply
Battery
Electric Power
Conversion System
PV System
Energy Center
Disaster Restoration Houses
Assembly Hall
Electric Power
Street Light
Information
15
Energy Management
System
cogeneration
System
(CHP)
PV System
PV System
PV System PV System
Energy management system(EMS) monitors the energy consumption
of the disaster restoration houses and the generation of PV systems.
Demand response, CHP and battery is utilized to optimize the energy
use.
Smart Community of NTT Facilities
Copyright © 2014 NTT FACILITIES,INC. All Rights Reserved.
Energy Center Electric
Power
Company
CHP
Power
Conversion
PV
BATT
HGW
M
M
M M
M
M
M
Little warm
water
Tap water
Gas
Electricity
Meter
Terminal
・Remote Control
・Demand Response
・Fee Collection
Energy Management System
16 Diagram of Energy Management
Disaster Restoration Houses
Waterworks
Department
GAS
Department
Copyright © 2014 NTT FACILITIES,INC. All Rights Reserved.
17 Disaster Restoration Houses in Sendai City
Disaster Restoration Houses
Energy Center Smart Meter BOX
Copyright © 2014 NTT FACILITIES,INC. All Rights Reserved.
18
The institutional design of a negawatt exchange
The installation of smart meters
Electricity deregulation.
Bundling of the demand response service with
other services
Construction of a smart community.
The future of the negawatt aggregation
Key points to expand
the demand response market in Japan
Thank you for your attention.