Download - Natural Systems Planning Primer
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Natural Systems Planning Primer
[email protected]@ottawa.ca
Land Use and Natural Systems Unit Planning and Growth Management November 2015
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•••••••
Today’s Topics WelcomePolicy FrameworkDevelopment ReviewOttawa’s Forestry & Tree BylawsBREAKInteractive Case StudyWRAP-UP
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Mission The Natural Systems Unit serves the city through the development and implementation of policies and guidelines to sustain the natural environment for current and future generations
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What is a liveable city?
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THE NATURE EFFECT
9 OUT OF 10 CANADIANS say that when
they felt connected to nature they felt happier
5 OUT OF 10 CANADIANS
travel to experience
nature
70% OF CANADIANS spent time in nature within the previous 12 months.
1 million VISITS TO OTTAWA EACH YEAR FOR OUTDOOR RECREATION
$40.4 billion SPENT BY CANADIANS ENGAGING IN NATURE-RELATED ACTIVITIES
Nature based tourism creates jobs in TRANSPORTATION ACCOMMODATIONS ATTRACTIONS
RETAIL GUIDING
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Value Proposition
Why should a family choose to come to Ottawa instead of Toronto, Montreal or Calgary?
– Mayor’s State of the City Address, January 2015
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POLICY FRAMEWORK
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Legislative Menu Legislation
• Planning Act – PPS • Environmental Assessment
Act – Municipal Class EA • Municipal Act • Drainage Act • Ontario Water Resources Act • Fisheries Act • Species at Risk Act • Clean Water Act • Environmental Protection Act • Conservation Authorities Act • Ontario Building Code Act
Municipal Function • Official Plan • Development Review • Subwatershed Studies • Environmental Management
Plans • By-laws • Municipal Drains • Source Water Protection • Certificates of Approval • Records of Site Condition • Generic Regulations • Building Code Permitting
and Enforcement
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Subwatershed Plans
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Planning Act • Provides the Legislative Framework
• How the planning system will work • Who the decision makers are • How disputes are resolved • How public can provide input
• Establishes municipal role in planning • Official Plan & zoning by-law • Development review
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Provincial Policy Statement
Establishes provincial land use planning interests, and how those interests are to be protected while providing for appropriate development
• Strong, healthy communities • Wise use and management of resources • Public health and safety • Municipal planning policies “shall be consistent
with” the PPS
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Provincial Policy Statement
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Defines & protects natural heritage system • No development or site alteration in:
• significant wetlands • habitat for fish or endangered / threatened species
unless authorised under relevant legislation
• No negative impacts to any other significant natural heritage features, or adjacent to any of the above
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Natural Heritage System
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Official Plan • NHS defined in s. 2.4.2 • NHS Overlay (Schedule L),
parts of the system that can be mapped
• Some areas protected through designation (Schedules A & B, s. 3.2)
• S. 4.7 directs development review
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Geo
grap
hic
Sc
ale
Ecoregion
Natural Area
Property
Scales of Effective Conservation Planning
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Centres of Biodiversity
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Conservation Authorities • Flood plain/ Hazard Management • Watershed Reporting • Managing Natural Resources • Water Quality & Quantity Monitoring • Educational Programs • Planning and Regulations • Forest Management
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Species at Risk • Identified under provincial or federal
legislation (in many cases, both) • Over 60 SAR may occur in our area
(some are quite common!) • Endangered / threatened species
habitat protected through legislation • Habitat for species of special concern
= significant wildlife habitat
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By-laws
Examples • Zoning • Tree Bylaws • Idling Control • Sewer Use
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Building on Ottawa’s Accomplishments
• Ottawa River Action Plan • Since 1960’s the City has
acquired over 10,000 hectares of natural areas
• Stewardship Programs • Air Quality and Climate
Change Management Plan
• Stormwater Management Retrofit plans for older urban areas
• Water Quality Monitoring • Wildlife Strategy and
Wildlife Protocol
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••••
Today’s Topics
PGM and Development Review ServicesDevelopment Review ProcessEnvironmental PlanningWhere to find more information – Ottawa.ca
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Planning and Growth Management
Transportation Planning
Development Review
Policy Development
and Urban Design
Building Code
Services
Business Services
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Development Review Services
• Geographically based: urban (2), suburban (2), rural • Land Use Planners, Engineers, Transportation, Parks
Planners, Environmental Planners and Heritage
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Development Review Process 1. Pre-Application Consultation 2. Application Submission 3. Application Deemed Complete / Reviewed for Adequacy 4. Community "Heads Up" 5. Circulation to Technical Agencies, Community Organizations and Ward
Councillor 6. Posting of On-Site Signs 7. Community Information and Comment Session 8. Issue Resolution - Staff Memorandum or Committee Report Preparation 9. Notice of Decision by Staff (Applications Under Delegated Authority) 10. Notice of Public Meeting 11. Notice of Decision by Committee or Council 12. Post Application
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Pre-Consultation
• Meeting with applicant • Identify environmental features • Content of Environmental Impact
Statement
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Application Deemed Complete
• All required reports provided
• Reports complete • Ready for circulation
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Circulation and Issue Resolution
• Circulated to community and agencies • Internal Departments • Issue Resolution – iterative process
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Post Approval
• Draft Approval of Subdivision • Appeals to OMB • Construction
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Environmental Review
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Supporting Studies
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Environmental Impact Statement
• Required for NHS, PSW, NEA, RNF, UNF, ANSI and adjacent lands
• EIS to demonstrate no impact on the ecological function of above (OP Section 4.7.8)
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• no negative impact, defined as degradation that threatens the health and integrity of the natural features or ecological functions for which an area is identified due to single, multiple or successive development or site alteration activities.
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Types of EIS • Scoped
– Severances – Minor
• UNF Adjacent • Full or Detailed
– Subdivision – Site Plans
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Provincially Significant Wetlands • Evaluated by Consultants • Approved by MNRF • Protected by CA and City
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Example – Southwest Stittsville •OPA – re-designated land •Zoning and Subdivision – created lots, roads, greenspace
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Areas of Natural and Scientific Interest
• 20 Life Science ANSIs in Ottawa • Carp Hills ANSI abuts Village boundary • Limit is identified and protected through EIS
and development outside of the feature
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Carp Hills
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Species At Risk • EIS identifies potential
habitat and surveys • Habitat must be
addressed prior to draft approval
• MNRF lead • Avoidance and
Compensation
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Watercourse Setbacks • Adjacent to rivers, lakes, streams • Corridors protected through a setback:
– 15 m top of bank – 30 m from normal high water mark – Flood plain (OP Section 4.8.1 and CA) – Geotechnical hazard
Whichever is greater
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Groundwater Impact Statement
• OP policies for development review s. 4.7
• Subwatershed studies map recharge, discharge areas
• Different for Rural vs Urban
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Stormwater Management
• OP policy: SWM plan support subdivision, site plan
• Set treatment objectives – quantity of water released
controlled – quality managed by reducing
suspended solids • Discussion fish compensation • Locations for ponds
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Other Environmental Planning • Wellhead Protection (OP 4.8.2) • Unstable Soils or Bedrock (OP 4.8.3) • Contaminated Sites (OP 4.8.1) • Mine Hazards and Abandoned Pits and Quarries (OP
4.8.5) • Constraints Due to Airports/Aircraft (OP 4.8.6) • Environmental Noise Control (OP 4.8.7) • Personal Security (OP 4.8.8) • Energy Conservation Through Design (OP 4.9) • Greenspace Requirements (OP 4.10)
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Wellhead Protection Study
• Wellhead protection area designed on Schedule K
• OP Section 4.8
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Land Use and Natural Systems Unit Planning and Growth Management November 2015
Ottawa’s Forests
[email protected]@ottawa.ca
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Ottawa’s Forests
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Ottawa’s Forests
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Ottawa’s Forests
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• Ottawa: 2796 km2 total area • Ottawa: 780 km2 treed
• Very diverse – species distribution, age class, structure
• Human influences –past, present and future
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Ottawa’s Forests
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City-managed Forests • 300,000 plus street trees • 10,000 ha of Community
Forests • 900 parks with trees
Privately-managed Forests • Farm woodlots • Privately-owned trees • Commercial forests, maple
syrup operations
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Should we manage our urban and rural forests? If so, why? Why not?
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Values
Economic • Higher property values • Income • Tourism
Environmental • Wildlife habitat • Water benefits • Carbon storage • Soil protection
Social • Recreation • Health and happiness • Sense of place
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Agents of Change • Ottawa is a settled
landscape
• Trees and forests have a life cycle – Management geared at
controlling change
• Many factors influence forest change
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Invasive Species
Before EAB: 25% ash
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Invasive Species
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Invasive Species
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Human Influences
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Human Influences
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Human Influences
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Human Influences
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Weather Events
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Weather Events
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Cultural practices can amplify damage caused by even minor weather events
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Weather Events
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Policy Ottawa’s official plan – foundation for all tree-related policies
2.4 Maintaining Environmental Integrity 2.4.2 Natural Features and Functions 2.4.5 Greenspaces
3.2 Natural Environment
4.7 Environmental Protection 4.7.2 Protection of Vegetation Cover 4.7.8 Environmental Impact Statement
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City Departments
Planning and Growth
Management
Natural Systems
• 2 Planning Foresters • City Hall • Development applications • Tree / Forest Policy
Public Works
Forestry Services
• 5 Foresters • Constellation • City-owned trees • Distinctive Tree
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Tree By-laws in Ottawa
Urban Tree Conservation By-law
(2009)
• Private trees • PGM & Forestry Services • Urban area only
Municipal Trees and Natural Areas By-law
(2006)
• Public trees • Forestry Services • Urban & rural areas
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Tree By-laws in Ottawa
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Rural area tree by-laws:
1. Municipal Trees and Natural Areas By-law
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Municipal Trees and Natural Areas By-law • All city-owned trees are protected • Can’t injure or destroy a city-owned tree without
permission • Forestry Services provides permission • Compensation sought for all trees removed
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Municipal Trees and Natural Areas By-law
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Permission granted... • City construction project
• Development site and no options for tree retention
Permission denied... • Resident doesn’t like tree • Trees are blocking views • Construction not approved
by the City • Healthy • No justifiable reason
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Urban Tree Conservation Bylaw
Properties <1Ha & condo properties >1Ha
Distinctive Tree Permit
Managed by Forestry Services Privately-owned trees
Properties >1Ha or planning application files
Tree Cutting Permit
Managed by PGM Privately-owned trees
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Distinctive Tree Permits
50cm or larger
Less than 1Ha
Issued for: • Unhealthy tree • Unsafe/hazardous • Causing foundation damage • Construction
Not issued for: • Unhealthy, but alternatives to
removal • Owner does not like tree • Improve view
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Distinctive Tree Permits
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Process
Call 311 Get an
arborist report
Forestry Inspector
dispatched
Permit issued when
warranted
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PGM issued Tree Cutting Permit
> 10cm
• Properties > 1ha • Planning application
files - site plan, plan of subdivision
• Any tree >10cm diameter
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PGM issued Tree Cutting Permit
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Process
Preconsult Tree Conservation Report
Review & Comment
Approval Permit
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PGM issued Tree Cutting Permit
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Tree Conservation Reports
1. Stand-alone report 2. TCR / Landscape Plan
combination 3. TCR / Environmental Impact
Statement combination
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PGM issued Tree Cutting Permit
Tree Conservation Reports
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Components: • Maps • Tree information
• Species • Diameters • Health Status • Plans –
remove/retain • Tree protection
information (Schedule A of the Urban Tree Conservation Bylaw)
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Tree Protection Critical Root Zone = 10*diameter
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Tree
Property Line
Boundary Trees
Trees with trunks that cross a property line are co-owned by both property owners
• Not just ground level • Even if the tree was not originally
planted on the property line
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Coming soon....
Urban Forest Management Plan • Vision for our future urban forest • Consultative development process
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Land Use and Natural Systems Unit Planning and Growth Management November 2015
Cardinal Creek Case Study
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Cardinal Creek Subwatershed Study
Initiated to address:
• Changing land uses • Water quality Cardinal
Creek • Erosion & slope stability
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What does the study include?
Natural Heritage
• Identification of a natural features, linkages, ecological functions
• Natural Heritage – Water Resources relationship
Development Issues
• Areas for conservation/protection, hazard lands, surface water, groundwater
• Guidelines for development • Public access
Monitoring and Management
• Recommendations for monitoring • Recommendations for stewardship, mitigation,
restoration, compensation
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Natural Heritage System
Identifies a system of significant natural features that must be evaluated and considered in any development scenarios
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Groundwater Protection
Most groundwater recharge occurs in natural areas.
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Karst
• ANSI • Hazard • Groundwater
infiltration and recharge feature
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Watercourse Setbacks Study recommends setbacks for protection of watercourses. They can be refined through site investigation as part of development review process.
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Agricultural Risks to Water Quality
Some agricultural activities have a higher risk of affecting water quality.
Best Management Practices are important.
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Hydrology Model Predicts the impacts of residential development
Establishes flow targets for stormwater management
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Restoration and Enhancement
• Slope stabilization • Riparian plantings and restoration
on Cardinal Creek Valley • Promotion of agricultural best
management practices • Continued maintenance of
municipal drains
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Be the Natural Systems Planner!
• There is an urban expansion area within the subwatershed
• Use the maps provided to identify the environmental constraints
• Draw the constraints on the Study Area Map
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What did you decide?
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Community Plan
• Greenspaces • Watercourse setbacks • Reduced stormwater
discharge • Groundwater recharge
areas
Community Plan