Download - Nationalism: Then & Now
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Nationalism:Then & Now
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Unification - THEN
Germany
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Germany• 1815 Germany had 39 states
called the German Confederation (controlled by Austria)
• Prussia leads unification– German population– Nationalistic movement– Stronger Army– Wilhelm I appoints Bismarck to
orchestrate unification
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Unification - THEN
Italy
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Italy• Mazzini: “The Soul”• Garibaldi: “The Sword”• Cavour: “The Brain”• Create a plan to unite Northern
Italy and Southern Italy into new nation state of Italy (Rome capital city)
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Unification - NOW• May 22, 1990 - North and South
Yemen merged to form a unified Yemen
• October 3, 1990 - East Germany and West Germany merged to form a unified Germany (again!) after the fall of the Iron Curtain
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Unification - NOW• Will South Korea ever reunite
with North Korea?
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Unification - NOW
• Will Northern Ireland ever reunite with the Republic of Ireland?
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Separation - THEN
Austrian Empire
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Separation - THEN• Hungarians, Germans, Czechs,
Poles, Slovaks, Serbs, etc.• Lost Northern Land to Prussia
(smaller/weaker)• Pressure from Hungarians
causes split, becomes Austria-Hungary
• After WWI, breaks into several nation-states
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Separation - THEN
Russian Empire
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Separation - THEN• Ruled by Romanov Dynasty –
Czars!• Ukrainians, Poles, Lithuanians,
Latvians, Estonians, etc.• Each had own culture• Russification – forced Russian
culture on all ethnic groups BUT nationalism grows
• WWI & Communist Revolution lead to break up of Empire in 1917
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Separation - THEN
Ottoman Empire
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Separation - THEN• Ruled by Turks
• Controlled Greeks, Slavs, Arabs, Bulgarians and Armenians
• Under pressure from British/French, granted equal citizenship to all people under their rule
• BUT this angered conservative Turks • Armenian Nationalist Movement
grows, Turks respond by massacring & deporting thousands from 1894-1896 & 1915
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Separation - NOW• Fifteen new countries became independent
with the dissolution of the USSR in 1991
• Yugoslavia dissolved in the early 1990s into five independent countries
• January 1, 1993 - The Czech Republic and Slovakia became independent nations when Czechoslovakia dissolved
• May 25, 1993 - Eritrea was a part of Ethiopia but seceded and gained independence
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Separation - NOW• June 3, 2006 - Montenegro was part of
Serbia and Montenegro (also known as Yugoslavia) but gained independence after a referendum
• June 5, 2006 - Serbia became its own entity after Montenegro split
• February 17, 2008 - Kosovo unilaterally declared independence from Serbia
• July 9, 2011 - South Sudan peacefully seceded from Sudan
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Separation - NOW• Will Quebec separate from
Canada?
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Separation - NOW• Will Chechnya separate from
Russia?
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Separation - NOW• Will Scotland separate from the
UK?