National Marine Educators Association
“How the Modern Cruise Industry is Regulated and Operates”
June 30, 2015Newport, Rhode Island
Bud DarrSenior VP of Technical & Regulatory Affairs
Cruise Lines International Association
Cruise Lines International Association-Unified voice of the global cruise
community-Represents, advocates and promotes the
common interests of the industry to external stakeholders-Global organization with 15 offices
worldwide
Australia + New Zealand
China
Singapore
Italy
Belgium +Luxembourg
Netherlands
Germany
Spain
UK + Ireland
CLIA Office Locations
5
Alaska
Hawaii
Canada
US + Global
Brazil
France
CLIA Global Ocean Cruise Passengers(in Millions)
7
17.82009
20.52011
20.92012
21.32013
19.12010
22.12014
23.0*2015
* projected
Global Distribution of Cruise Passengers by Source Market
(Millions of Passengers)
Source: G.P. Wild (Int.) Limited from CLIA, IRN and other sources (2013)
European Distribution of Cruise Passengers by Source Market
(Millions of Passengers)
Source: G.P. Wild (Int.) Limited from CLIA, IRN and other sources (2013)
Distribution of Cruise Passengers by Source Market Outside of Europe and North America
Source: G.P. Wild (Int.) Limited from CLIA, IRN and other sources (2013)
Economic ImpactTotal Global Economic Contribution of the Cruise
Sector (2013)
No. of Passenger and Crew Onshore Visits (in millions)
114.87
Total Direct Expenditures (in billions of U.S. dollars)
$52.31
Total Output Contribution (in billions of U.S. dollars)
$117.15
Total Income Contribution (in in billions of U.S. dollars)
$38.47
Total Employment Contribution
891,009
Source: BREA (2014)
Representation with UN Bodies•International Maritime Organization•International Labour Organization•World Health Organization•UN World Tourism Organization•International Civil Aviation Organization
18
IMO Organization
Assembly
Council
Committees
Subcommittees
• Agenda• Approvals
• Budget• Direction
• Substantive Policy and Standard Development
• Detailed Technical Work
Internationally, the cruise industry’s approx 250 vessels are often folded into the broader shipping industry of approx. 50,000 vessels
19
IMO Committees
• Maritime Safety
• Marine Environment Protection
• Legal
• Facilitation
• Technical Cooperation
20
Relevant IMO Subcommittees
• Ship Design and Construction
• Ship Systems and Equipment
• Human Element Training and Watch keeping
• Navigation, Communications, Search and Rescue
• Implementation of IMO Instruments
• Pollution Prevention and Response
21
IMO Membership
• 171 Member States
• 3 Associate Member States
• 63 Intergovernmental Organizations
• 77 Non-Governmental Organizations
22
CLIA as a Non-Governmental Organization
Consultative Status - ICCL / CLIA
Since 1993
Meeting Participation, Position Papers Expert “advice”, Points of View, and Advising Governments and Other Delegations
23
IMO Standards
• CONVENTIONS - INTERNATIONAL LAW
• CODES
• RESOLUTIONS
• GUIDELINES
• INTERPRETATIONS
24
SOLAS: Safety of Life at Sea(1974)
MARPOL and SIX ANNEXES: Prevention of Pollution from Ships (73/78)
STCW: Standards for Training Certification and Watch keeping (95)
LLC: Load Lines Convention (66/88)
FAL: Facilitation
Major IMO Conventions
25
International Labour Organization
• Operates in tri-partite manner, Governments 50% of vote, Labor 25%, ship owners 25%
• Ship owners represented by ICS, Labor by ITF
• Consolidated Maritime Labour Convention of 2006
• Invokes port state control, therefore enforceable worldwide.
26
Cruise Ship Policy Contributors
•Cruise Lines•Seafarers•Shipbuilders•Classification Societies•Flag States•Port States•Industry Trade Associations
29
Trade Association Roles•Cooperation •Communication•Sharing of Best Practices•Policy Development•Issues Education•International Engagement•Representation
30
CLIA Complementary Efforts
•Promotion of Enhanced Safety Culture •CLIA Globalization •Develop & Enhance Industry Policies•Verification of Member Policies (CEO Engagement)•Guest Care & Contingency Planning Initiatives•Passenger Bill of Rights
31
Some Key Safety Issues•Operational Measures•Reliability of Systems•Innovation in Design•Evacuation Analysis•Contingency Planning•Polar Cruises
Some Key Health Issues•Norovirus/Acute Gastrointestinal Illness•Influenza Like Illness•Ebola (Current Outbreak)•Emergency Care
33
Some Key Environmental Issues
•Sulfur Requirements•Exhaust Gas Scrubber Washwater Standards•Port Reception Facilities•Wastewater Management Requirements•Polar Issues
34
Maritime Labour Convention, 2006
•Ensuring that seafarers have the rights to:oA safe and secure work placeoFair terms of employmentoDecent working and living conditionsoHealth protection, medical care, welfare measures and other
forms of social protection