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Mutations
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Definition
• A mutation is a change in an organism’s DNA– Silent mutations are changes that do not
result in a change to the organisms phenotype
–Mutations that occur in germ cells (sperm, eggs) are passed on to offspring
–Mutations in somatic (body) cells may be harmless, or may result in disease such as cancer
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Chromosomal Mutations
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A Point Mutation Resulting in Nonsense
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A Point Mutation: An Analogy
t h e r e d d o g b i t t h e t a n c a t
t h e r e d m o g b i t t h e t a n c a t
This point mutation changes the meaning, resulting in nonsense
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A Point Mutation Resulting in Missense
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A Point Mutation: An Analogy
t h e r e d d o g b i t t h e t a n c a t
t h e r e d h o g b i t t h e t a n c a t
This point mutation changes the meaning, resulting in missense
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An Insertion Mutation in a Gene
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An Insertion Mutation: An Analogy
t h e r e d d o g b i t t h e t a n c a t
t h e r e d r d o g b i t t h e t a n c a
This insertion mutation changes the reading frame
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A Deletion Mutation in a Gene
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An Deletion Mutation: An Analogy
t h e r e d d o g b i t t h e t a n c a t
t h e r e d o g b i t t h e t a n c a t _
This deletion mutation changes the reading frame
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A Frameshift Mutation