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Music Video History
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“Motion Painting No.1”
Oskar Fischinger, 1947 Johann Sebastian Bach's Brandenburg
Concerto no. 3, BWV 1048 Animation process took 9 months of filming
each brushstroke
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Hard Day's Night The Beatles, 1964 Dir. Richard Lester Full length film, but opening sequence, helped
to define the visual grammar of music video Metric editing Quick cutting Hand-held cameras British Free Cinema French New Wave
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“Subterranean Homesick Blues”
• 1966, Bob Dylan's Don't Look Back• Dir. DA Pennebaker• Promo film clip• Use of graphic/text• Google Instant• INXS “Mediate”
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“Strawberry Fields Forever”
• The Beatles,1967• Dir. Peter Goldman• Model for concept video)• Film effects• Stop motion animation• Jump-cuts from daytime to night-time• “Penny Lane”
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“Pas de Deux”
• Norman McLaren, 1968• Part 2• Used visual effects • Layering• Neighbors (1952)
– Extreme “Rest In Peace”– Pixilation
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“Bohemian Rhapsody”
• Queen,1975• Dir. Bruce Gowers• First notable “pop promo”• Top of the Pops• In camera special effects• Ushered in “MTV Age”• “Killer Queen”(1974)• “Under Pressure” (1981)
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“Whip It”
• Devo, 1980• Dir. Jerry Casale• Self-funded, $15K• Postmodern bricolage• Subversive• Major rotation at MTV
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“Girls on Film”
• Duran Duran, 1981• Dir. Godley & Crème
– Herbie Hancock “Rockit”
• Playboy Channel, PPV, clubs• Glamorous portrayal of the band.• The “lifestyle” music video• Video Controversy=Sales• 1984, Short Form MV Grammy
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Elephant Parts
• Michael Nesmith, 1981• “Rio”• “Cruisin'”• PopClips
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“Billie Jean”
• Michael Jackson, 1983• Dir. Steve Barron
– Dire Straits “Money for Nothing” (1986)– Human League “Don't You Want Me” (1981)
• Redefined the direction of MTV • Brought MTV into mainstream attention• Early popular video by a black artist• White glove
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“Take on Me”
• A-ha, 1985• Dir. Steve Barron• Animation/live action hybrid• Rotoscoping....3000 frames• 6 1986 VMAs• Making of...
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“Thriller”• Michael Jackson, 1983• Dir. John Landis
– An American Werwolf in London– Animal House
• First blockbuster MV• Cost $500K• Sold over 10 million units• Making Michael Jackson's Thriller• Fan Versions
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“Justify My Love”
• Madonna, 1990• Dir. Jean-Baptiste Mondino• Fashion world collides w/ music video• '60 Euro art/film noir• Banned on MTV/controversy• 1st VHS “video single”/1M• Nightline• SNL Parody
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“Blue Monday '88”
• 1988, New World Order• Dirs. Robert Breer & William Wegman• Combines modern art/photography• “Blue Monday” (1983)
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Other Early Promo Film Clips• The Who “Happy Jack” (1966)• Rolling Stones “We Love You” (1967), Dir.
Peter Whitehead– Play on 1895 trials of Oscar Wilde
• Pink Floyd “Instellar Overdrive” (1967), Dir. Peter Whitehead
– From Tonite Lets All Make Love in London
• Rolling Stones One+One (1968), Dir. Jean-Luc Godard
• The Velvet Underground & Nico (1966), Dir. Andy Warhol