1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025

Multi-Phase Flow Meter (MPFM) Timeline – 1985 - 2025

NEL INTERNAL RESEARCH

NEL CAPABILITY DEVELOPMENT

COLLABORATIVE WORK WITH EXTERNAL PARTNERS

STANDARDS AND INDUSTRY GUIDANCE

MMs installed worldwide

16003314

8000

8000

7000

6000

5000

4000

3000

2000

1000

02005 2010 2017

Sources: 2005 & 2010 Oil & Gas Journal, 2017 Market Review

JOINT INDUSTRY PROJECTS (JIP’S)

JIP Multifl ow 3

Establishing the True Performance of MPFM’s JIP

Multiphase Flow Pattern Maps JRP

• Assess claims made for in-line MPFM’s with improved uncertainty, improved sensors (nuclear gamma, dielectric, microwave)

• Evaluated new to the market high GVF based MPFM’s

• Evaluated the sensitivity of MPFM PVT models to variations in physical properties

This JIP will provide independent benchmarking and performance testing of MPFM’s with the aim of creating industry and regulator confi dence in the devices

By creating this confi dence, more widespread adoption of the technology, and use for new applications such as fi scal metering, will be enabled

This Joint Research Project (JRP) aims to use NEL’s new Advanced Multiphase Facility to create a new generation of multiphase fl ow maps under realistic process conditions to replace the decades old data used today that was acquired under condition far from those observed in the fi eld. This will allow manufacturers to increase the accuracy of MPFM’s which are based upon these maps, and improve the reliability of simulation techniques widely used by industry

Ultrasonic Flow Meters

Heavy Oil Capability

Wet Gas Facility Moved and Upgraded

In Situ Calibration of Gas Flow Rates

Capability to Generate Different Flow Regimes on Demand

An experimental array of USM’s and level measurement sensors was constructed and tested for the metering of multi-phase fl ows, achieving uncertainties of ±5% on gas and ±40% on liquid.

The ability to handle heavy oil in the facility is demonstrated for the fi rst time

The rig is moved to a new building and upgraded to handle 3 phases (water, oil & gas)

Sonic nozzles are fi tted that allow in situ calibration of the turbine reference meters for gas fl ow. This allows frequent calibration thereby minimising the contribution of drift to the overall uncertainties

The unique ability to inject any phase at any point of the test section, allowing different fl ow regimes to be created on demand, is demonstrated

JIP - Multi-Phase Automatic Sampling

Water-in-oil testing at NEL to develop sampling systems and techniques with 15 partners

JIP Multifl ow 1

Evaluation of the fi rst generation of MPFM’s

Cross Correlation Flow Meters

Single Phase Meters

Flow Pattern Mapping

World’s First Full Scale Multi-Phase Flow Facility

Development of signal analysis techniques in conjunction with fl ow conditioners to enable CCF’s to be used in gas and oil fl ows

Investigated various gas and oil mixing techniques to improve the accuracy of a standard turbine meter when used in gas and oil fl ows

Vertical & horizontal 3-phase fl ow mapping & modelling slug fl ow

Following industry engagement on specifi cation, construction of a state-of-the-art facility equipped with x-ray tomography for 2D fl ow visualisation, gamma densitometers, perspex visualisation windows and USM’s

JIP Multifl ow 2

• Evaluation of MPFM’s from 10 operators and 6 meter manufacturers, with 7 technologies evaluated

• Discovered performance of MPFM’s degraded at high gas volume fractions (GVF’s) – resulting in a change of approach

• Looked at performance versus viscosity and salinity change

Crude Oil Capability

Neural Networks

NEL MPFM

Real-Time Visualisation

High Pressure Wet Gas Facility

The ability to handle crude oil in the facility is demonstrated for the fi rst time

Evaluation of neural networks for high accuracy multi-phase fl ow analysis

Benchmark test came from the learning in Multifl ow 1 & Multifl ow 2

Evaluation of Electrical Capacitance Tomography (ECT) for multi-phase fl ow measurement

Construction of NEL’s wet gas test loop rated to 63 barg pressure, to address industry’s 2-phase (water & gas) testing needs

Heavy Oils & Emulsions

NEL introduced heavy oil and emulsion testing to support heavy oil fi elds

Impacts

NEL has led the world in the development of multiphase and wet-gas fl ow understanding

NEL work has greatly accelerated the development of MPFM’s and their implementation by industry users

NEL built the world’s fi rst full scale multiphase facility in the late 80’s, and is now building a world fi rst facility for the study of multiphase fl ows under realistic process conditions - the Advanced Multiphase Facility

NEL has led the development of the fi rst multiphase fl ow standard

98% of the MPFM types in-service worldwide today have been tested at NEL

Water-Cut Device Test Capability

Equipment Upgrade to Lower Uncertainties

The reference densitometers used to quantify phase contamination, are upgraded to more accurate Coriolis-based devices, leading to lower uncertainties, including for water cut

NEL Leads EMPIR Intercomparison Project - MultiFlowMet II

Development of tomography

4-Phase CFD for Multiphase Simulation

Design and Construction of Advanced Multi-Phase Facility

NEL Leads EMPIR Intercomparison Project - MultiFlowMet I

Multiphase Erosion Modelling

In-Situ Verifi cation of MPFM’s

Creation of Standard

API Standard

Project aims to follow of from previous intercomparison exercise by increasing the number of manufacturers and testing facilities participating

Allows real time visualisation at the wellhead and flow pattern detection using Electrical Capacitance Tomography (ECT)

Demonstration of world leading capability to do 4-phase CFD simulations with all phase interactions parameterised, and validate these against 3-phase experiments

A new, world-first facility dedicated to the study of multi-phase and wet-gas flows at high pressures (up to 140 bar) is constructed, allowing study under real process conditions across the full gas volume fraction (GVF) at pipe diameters up to 12”

NEL leads the fi rst ever multi-phase intercomparison exercise, which aims to increase harmonisation of MPFM testing and enhance multi-phase fl ow modelling

NEL collaborates with Schlumberger to develop experimentally validated CFD models of erosion under multiphase conditions

ISCF funded project to develop methods for the in-situ verifi cation and calibration of MPFM’s, with the aim of greatly reducing the cost of their deployment, and increasing the accuracy achieved over their service life

NEL chairs development of the first ISO standard covering multi-phase flow measurement: ISO/TR 21354. Due for publication in Dec 2018

NEL involved in development of an API standard for MPFM’s

Multi-Phase Flow Visualisation

Flow programme project to use X-ray tomography for the visualisation of multi-phase fl ow patterns

Saline Capability

The ability to operate with a saline water phase in the facility is demonstrated for the fi rst time

It is shown that the facility can operate with 2 components (water & oil) over the complete 0-100% fraction range, allowing the accurate testing of water-cut devices

Erosion Rig Constructed

Allows experimental erosion studies for validation of commonly used CFD modelling at solids levels as high as 10%.

Subsequently numerous manufacturers use the rig for lifetime-based erosion studies of components

MPFM Diagnostics

Having collected three years worth of MPFM diagnostics on the Advanced Multiphase Facility, creation of a tool to use diagnostic information to provide real-time feedback on MPFM performance and further information on the process stream

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2006 200705040320021996 19979519949392199188 89 9087198685 2000991998 2008 2009 10 252422 23212019 2020201820172016152014132001 2011 2012

1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025

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