Download - Mu great depression pp
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The Great Depression
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The Great Depression
• The Great Depression was a severe economic downturn that lasted from the late 1920’s until World War II.
• It was a worldwide depression that lasted longer and deeper than any other depression in the 20th century.
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The Great Depression
• Because of the unemployment rate (25%), and the impact it had on the economy, it is often seen as a time when the government intervened in the economy and society.
• This government intervention became more prominent as the depression lasted.
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Your opinion
• Should the government intervene in the economy of the United States and provide social programs for its people?
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What caused the Great Depression?
• Stock market crash on October 29, 1929• This was also known as Black Tuesday• From the United States, stock prices
plummeted in other countries worldwide as well.
• As the prices of stocks fell, panic struck– Masses amount of people tried selling, but
no one was buying
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What caused the Great Depression?
• Bank closings-banks invested their money into the stock market, which forced many of them to close their doors.
• Seeing the banks close their doors, people scrambled to withdraw their money.
• This cash withdrawal forced even more banks to close.• Thousands of people were left without access to their
own money.
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What caused the Great Depression?
• Businesses began cutting back production because they lost their assets in the crash of the market.
• Consumer spending then dropped.• It was a viscous cycle
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Effects of the Great Depression
• Effected every country and person worldwide• Incomes dropped, unemployment increased• Jobs were lost
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Class Question
• With what you know now, what social class do you think was hit the hardest by the Great Depression?
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The Dust Bowl
• In previous economically hard times through American history, farmers usually were successful because they could feed themselves.
• During the Great Depression the Midwest was hit hard by a drought and sand storms. This was known as the Dust Bowl.
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The Dust Bowl
• Overgrazing and the severe drought brought dry soil for the farmers.
• High winds would lift the dirt, carrying it for miles
• These dust storms would destroy everything within their paths, even the farmers crops.
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The Dust Bowl
• Small farmers were hit the hardest.• Most owed the banks money for their new
machinery, and now could no longer make payments on them due to the drought.
• Banks were often times forced to foreclose on people’s houses and farms.
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The Dust Bowl
• Many of the farmers were told of agricultural jobs in California. These families often packed all of their belongings and headed west.
• Turns out these jobs were scarce and seasonal, much to the disappointment of the “Okies”.
• The Grapes of Wrath by John Steinbeck was written to portray these people.
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Relief from the Great Depression
• The Great Depression was during the years of Herbert Hoover as the President of the United States.
• Hoover thought the state and local governments should help its people, not the federal government. He also believed charities should step in to provide relief.
• Many people blamed Hoover for the Depression
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Relief from the Great Depression
• In the 1932 presidential election, Hoover lost to Franklin D. Roosevelt by a landslide vote.
• The American people put their trust into FDR
• During FDR’s first “100 days”, he created a bank holiday create a new beginning for the banks. He then established New Deal programs to provide jobs and create a stable economy for the American people
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New Deal
• The New Deal programs were known as the FDR’s “alphabet soup”.– AAA (Agricultural Adjustment Act)– FDIC( Federal Deposit Insured Corporation)– CCC (Civilian Conservation Corps)– WPA (Works Progress Administration)– TVA ( Tennessee Valley Authority)
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New Deal
• FDR supported the federal government’s involvement and intervention in tough times to help the stabilization process
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What brought the world out of the Great Depression?
• Even with the New Deal programs created by FDR, the economic hardship was still prevalent within the United States and the rest of the world.
• The major change happened after the bombing of Pearl Harbor by Japan.
• This led for the entry of the United States into WWII.
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Entry into WWII
• Once the United Stated entered into the war, production of war-time materials quickly provided an economic boost for the U.S.
• Ships, tanks, airplanes, weapons, and artillery were needed to be to made.
• Women took over many of these jobs while the men left to fight in the war
• With the United States entrance into WWII, the Great Depression was finally over.