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MPEG
• MPEG : Motion Pictures Experts Group
• MPEG : ISO Committee
• Widely Used Video Compression Standard
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MPEG Types
• MPEG 1 : • For lower resolution images• Bit streams upto 1.5Mbps
• MPEG 2:• Support higher resolution images• Bit streams of upto 15Mbps
•MPEG 4:• Support interactivity• Composed of tools, algorithms, profiles, MSDL (MPEG Syntax Description Language)
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MPEG Frame Types
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Coding of Frames
• I-Frame : Intra-Frame ; coded independently
• P-Frame : Predicted Frame ; uses recently compressed I- or P-Frames
• B-Frame : Bidirectional Frame; uses both past and future I- or P-Frames
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MPEG Encoder
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Encoder
• Compress I-Frames
• Compress P-Frames (Immediately following I-Frames)
• Compress B-Frames between I- and P-Frames
• Compress second P-Frame based on First P-Frame
• Compress B-Frames between first and second P-Frames
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Encoder
• I-Frame :
• Compression very similar to baseline –JPEG
• No Motion Estimation
• P-, B-Frame :
• Use Motion Estimation
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MPEG Decoder
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Decoder
• Order of frames arriving at decoder different from the order of display
• Ex: -I1P4B2B3P7B5B6P10B8B9P13B11B12 ...
• Decoder needs 2 buffers for motion compensation
Previous Buffer
Future Buffer
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Decoder
• Decompress I1; Place in previous buffer
• Decompress P4 using I1; Place in future buffer
• Decompress B2 and B3 using these buffers
• Display Frames as soon as the buffers are full
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Syntax Layers in MPEG –1
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Macroblocks in MPEG-1
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Profiles and levels in MPEG –2