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MONITOR : ionospheric monitoring network in support to SBAS and other
GNSS and scientific purposes
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Y. Béniguel 1, P. Hamel1 , M. Hernández-Pajares 2, M. Monnerat 3, B. Nava 4, V. Wilken 5, H. Secrétan 6, R. Kameni 7, R. Orus-Perez 8,
S.Schlüter 9
1IEEA(Fr) , 2UPC-IonSAT(Es) , 3Thalès Alenia Space(Fr) , 4ICTP(It),5DLR(De), 6CNES(Fr), 7ASECNA(Se) , 8ESA/ESTEC, 9ESA/EPO
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Content
� Current status of the project
� Preliminary results
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� Preliminary results
� Test case on a magnetic storm
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MONITOR Project
�Main goal: Improving our understanding on the influence of the Ionosphere on the GNSS and SBAS Performance.
�Funded by: ESA’s European GNSS Evolutions Prog.
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�Funded by: ESA’s European GNSS Evolutions Prog. (EGEP).
�Two steps: �MONITOR phase 1 (2010-2014): setting up the main scintillation GNSS network, ionospheric products and ionospheric campaigns.�MONITOR phase 2 (June 2014 – June 2016)
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Monitor Phase 2 factsheet
Funded by: ESA’s European GNSS Evolutions Prog. (EGEP)
Duration:Project ~ Summer Solstice 2014 – Spring Equinox 2016Data collection ~ spring 2015 – spring 2016
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Team: 8 subcontractors + 2 consultantsInteragency agreements: 2 (CNES & ASECNA) – MoUsNew monitoring stations: 6 (+ 5 from CNES SAGAIE)New products types received routinely: 6Latency: 1-48 hours
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MONITOR Phase 2 - Objectives
• Expansion of the MONITOR ionospheric scintillation network:� Integration of data from CNES-SAGAIE network
� New stations at low-latitudes (Africa) and high-latitudes (Scandinavia).
• Maintenance of MONITOR infrastructure.
• Upgrade the current Central Archiving and Processing Facility (CAPF):� Simplified and robust data collection, processing and access.
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� Simplified and robust data collection, processing and access.
� Implementation of flexible data policy
� Generation of new automatic data, products and reports tailored to EGNOS needs.
� Routine ionospheric status reporting
• Tools, datasets and scientific/engineering models:� Identification and analysis of disturbed events
� Relevant ionospheric scintillation experimental data for system and receiver performance assessment.
� Integration and archiving of data from other projects, data providers.
� Production of relevant ionospheric scenarios (TEC and scintillation).
• Collaboration with external entities:• CNES/ASECNA, members of SBAS Ionospheric group, Joint Research Center
• LISN, SCINDA
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MONITOR Products
� Space weather (solar and geomagnetic indices obtained from third parties)
� Station-based (re-computed 1-minute ionospheric scintillation indices, multipath and cycle slips)
� Electron content (Global Electron Content, Slant TEC, VTEC
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� Electron content (Global Electron Content, Slant TEC, VTEC global maps, EGNOS VTEC maps, EGNOS accuracy and integrity)
�Perturbation indices (AATR parameter for EGNOS and WAAS reference stations and for SAGAIE network, Rate of TEC, Solar Flares and TIDs)
� Reporting (automatic and manual reports)
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High-Latitude Stations
Stations: Kevo and Sodankyla –FinlandKiruna – SwedenNoordwijk – The
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Noordwijk – The Netherlands
Other:Onsala – Sweden, under discussionTromsoe – Norway, data exchange?
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Selected New Sites Over Africa
Site Backup Site Niamtougou (Togo) -
Cotonou (Benin) French school of Lomé (for
bubbles < 10 km)
Abidjan (Côte d’Ivoire) Accra (Ghana) within Ghana Space Agency
Bamako (Mali) Brazzaville (Congo) Namibia
ASECNA Sites with
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ASECNA Sites with
•Internet connection
•Power supply 24/7
•ASECNA staff on site
Namibia in collaboration with SANSA
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New Station Hardware
Deployment of a Septenrio receiver + bitgrabber at the receiver station (example existing Kiruna station hosted by DLR)
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Remote Monitoring/Control with E_survey application
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Updated Website
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MONITOR Scintillations Receivers Network
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Input Data
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Output Products
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Real time (15 mn) TEC Map
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10
12
14
16
18
20
22
Dakar (Geo Lat 14°7 ; Mag Lat 4°6) / year 201 4Scintillations IPP locations
Geo
grap
hic
Lat
itude
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
Lomé ( Geo Lat 6°13 N; Mag Lat 7°S) / year 2014Scintillations IPP Locations
Geo
grap
hic
Latit
ude
Scintillations IPP Locations
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6
8
335 340 345 350
Geo
grap
hic
Lat
itude
Geographic Longitude
-2
0
-6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8Geographic Longitude
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Bahir Dar Measurements
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Medium Drift Velocity
150
200
Dakar / Medium Drift Velocity
150
200Lomé / Medium Drift Velocity
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0
50
100
8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22
m /
s
IPP Latitude
0
50
100
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
m /
sIPP Latitude
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Generation and Collection of Relevant Products to Understand the
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Products to Understand the Ionospheric Perturbations
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Rapid & RT Global VTEC Maps @ 15 min Computed with Tomographic-Kriging
From each obs. we get one STEC value: V=S/M=(Li-Bi)/M. [~1500 val. / 30 s]
Interpol. by Splines
Kriging
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Layout summarizing the global VTEC computation from ground GPS data by means of the UPC TOMION software, including the main tomographic model equation[*]
[*](data: ionospheric combination of carrier phases LI, and length intersection within each voxel, ∆li; unknowns: its ambiguity BI, the STEC, S, which includes the mean electron density within each give n voxel, Ne,i).
New VTEC maps
Kriging Interpolation
α α
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Ionospheric EGNOS Warning System (IEWAS)
IEWAS External
Processor
EGNOS GIVD & GIVE
IONEX format
High Res. spatial &
Tomo-Kriging rapid VTEC
(UQRG)
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IGS/EUREF dSTEC
Assessment and release of warnings
JASON* VTEC
High Res. spatial & temp. VTEC comparison
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Recent Space Weather Events in March 2015 and EGNOS Ionospheric Model Performance
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EGNOS Ionospheric Model Performance
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Severe Space Weather MONITOR RT Warnings from GNSS Solar Flare Index (GSFLAI, days 70-76, 2015)
�Major geomagnetic storm occured on days 76 -77, 2015: St.
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days 76 -77, 2015: St. Patrick’s storm
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Severe Space Weather MONITOR RT Warnings from GNSS Solar Flare Index (GSFLAI, Days 70-76, 2015)
� Severalgeoeffective solarflares that occuredduring days 75and 76, 2015.
� They were detected
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and notified in RT by the MONITOR system by means of GNSS Solar Flare Indicator, GSFLAI[*]
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New processor AATR – EGNOS, WAAS and SAGAIE Application to Recent event: St Patrick’s storm (17/03/2015)
( )2( )
STECAATR
M tε∆=
∆
Along-Arc TEC Rate (AATR) indicator as thehourly Root Mean Square (RMS) of ““““weighted ””””Along-Arc Vertical TEC Rate .
where ∆∆∆∆t can be 30 or 60 seconds
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EGNOS APV-I Performance Service Area
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(RT) EGNOS vs. (Rapid) UQRG VTEC Evolution (Days 076-079, 2015 @ 13:45 GPS Time)
Day 76 Day 77 Day 78 Day 79
UQRG
EGNOS
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To notice on Day 76, 2015, on global rapid UPC VTEC maps (UQRG), the strong decrease of electron content over Europe (coinciding with the almost disapearance of the equatorial anomaly). It can also be seen during next day, 77, 2015 .
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(RT) EGNOS vs. (Rapid) UQRG VTEC evolution (Days 081-083, 2015 @ 13:45 GPSTime)
Day 81 Day 82 Day 83
UQRG
EGNOS
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During days 81-83 the ionosphere returns to normal condit ions , with a VTEC quite repeatable and with a stable equatorial anomalyoccurrence, coinciding with the recovery of the EGNOS model towardsnormal performance, with much smaller error values.
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Error Biases the days around the St Patrick storm
Onsala57°°°°
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Daily modeled dSTEC error bias (left) and daily obs erved dSTEC RMS (right) for EGNOS and UPC ionospheric models, in TECUs, during days 75-83, 20 15.
Zimm47°°°°
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TEC Scenarios (ICTP)
� To develop an advanced data assimilation methodology for the generation of high
accuracy high resolution ionospheric reference scenarios.
� The basic methodology relies on the NeQuick 2 (Nava et al., 2008) model adaptation to
vertical TEC maps to obtain effective ionization parameter (Az) grids (Nava et al., 2011).
Using these Az grids and the relevant NeQuick package, slant TEC values for any ground-
to-satellite link can be computed.
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Scintillation Observationsfor Days 75-82 2015
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6Dakar (Senegal) doys 75 - 82 / 2015
S4
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0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
0 50 100 150 200 250
S4
GPS ToW (hours)
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Summary
� Ionospheric monitoring system: network and processin g facility, operating in near-real-time
� Ionospheric Scintillation Network covering low and h igh latitude stations, many in equatorial Africa, including CNES SAGAIE
� Stations include high -end scintillation receiver, antenna and a
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� Stations include high -end scintillation receiver, antenna and a bitgrabber that allows to record IF & perform offlin e analysis
� High added values routine products
� Automatic daily reporting of ionospheric state
� Service to support to SBAS (EGNOS, ASECNA)