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Cooperation in the Digital Age: Building the Library Platform
Constance MalpasOCLC Research
Biblioteklederkonferansen 2011 Mo i Rana, Norway 1-2 November 2011
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NetworkedEnvironment
ReconfiguredLibraries
CooperativeInfrastructure
Biblio<TECH>
<TECH>
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?Mega-Regions of Europe
http://www.creativeclass.com/whos_your_city/maps/#Mega-Regions_of_Europe
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Constructing a Nordic mega-region infrastructure
for the emerging creative class
* highly educated * entrepreneurial * supported by strong ICT and * logistics systems
(and libraries?)
http://www.nortrade.com/index?cmd=show_article&id=512
Os-Göte-hagen?
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Data defines the networked information environment
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The consumer platform . . . an addressable, self-improving knowledge-base
251 Norwegian authors [ +/-4 % ]
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?
The consumer platform . . . maximizes reference-ability exposes ‘hooks’ for social interaction
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The consumer platform . . . excels at aggregating and ‘sorting out’ demand
My preferences
My social network
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Ranas fjell og gruver
+ Bookmarklet
Read. Review. Remember. + Remix
Social reading ‘in the flow’
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GoodReadsBookSpaceKindleFindings#FridayReads etc.
Social reading … in a crowded space?
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The library platform . . . excels at ‘sorting out’ supply
(29)
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The library platform . . . excels at aggregating, enriching, structuring data
~150 years of publication history
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The library platform . . . embodies a particular domain model
http://experimental.worldcat.org/IDNetwork/
Names matter personal, corporate, geographic uniform titles Relationships matter works, expressions, manifestations; roles Identifiers matter ISBN, LCCN, OCLC etc.
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Outside in: Books, journals, DVDs, … (Bought and licensed)
Aim: to discover …
Inside out: institutional assets: special collections, research and learning materials, institutional records, …
Aim: to have discovered …(With thanks to Lorcan Dempsey)
Collections: Reconfigured
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Decreasing investment in local print collection,
increasing reliance on licensed electronic
Growing emphasis on Customer Relationship Management
Source: Statistikk for arkiv, bibliotek og museum, 2009
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Shift in demand – greater reliance on digital formats
Demand for print has leveled off while inventory continues to grow
Source: Statistikk for arkiv, bibliotek og museum, 2009
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Collections: inside-out
Infrastructure (space & tools) for increased productivity
Library value less about ‘commodity’ collections more about support for the research process: CRISTIN DUO/NORA
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A look in the rear-view mirror . . . Ca. 2006
Collections Emphasis: Outside-In
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http://www.forskningsradet.no/en/Newsarticle/High_scores_for_scientific_output_and_international_citation/1224066961722
What Changed? Priorities.
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1980 1985 1990 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 20100
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
1,400
Norske doktorgrader etter fagområde 1980–2010Humaniora Samfunnsvitenskap Matematikk og naturvitenskap Teknologi
Medisin Landbruksvitenskap og veterinærmedisin
Derived from: Nedlastbare figurer og tabeller til Indikatorrapporten 2011 (Tabell A.1.7)
Increasing national research capacity
Increased reliance on performance and
publication indicators
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Growing the ‘Creative Class’: Norway’s next great natural resource?
Norway
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The next generation of Norwegian researchers . . .
will require a new kind of HE environment
Source: NSD Årsmelding, 2009
Digital Residents
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Digital library agenda is key to ‘virtualization’ of research enterprise: it maximizes impact in the network
#dan
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*http://www.nb.no/bokhylla/om/om-bokhylla
1.5M personal names
in BIBSYS
linked data set
~250Norwegian authors in Wikipedia 450K* titles in NorBok
~250K digitized by NB.no
48K in Bokhylla+ 16K Norwegian titles in HathiTrust
National information infrastructure in a global library platform = network effects
+ 15M personal names in VIAF
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CIC 13
UC10 + 1
TRLN4
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
October 2008
October 2009
October 2010
October 2011
New Cooperative Infrastructure
N =34
N =58
Shared stewardship of digitized corpus
Shared management of legacy print
~50% contribute content
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http://www.nffo.no/storypg.aspx?zone=40&id=506
“I’ve been in this business for decades, but this is one of the craziest things I’ve ever seen…”
http://blog.authorsguild.org/2011/10/06/authors-groups-from-u-k-canada-norway-and-sweden-join-authors-guild-australian-society-of-authors-and-quebec-writers-union-in-suit-against-hathitrust/
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Jun-09Jul-0
9
Aug-09
Sep-09
Oct-09
Nov-09
Dec-09Jan
-10
Feb-10
Mar-10
Apr-10
May-10
Jun-10Jul-1
0
Aug-10
Sep-10
Oct-10
Nov-10
Dec-10Jan
-11
Feb-11
Mar-11
Apr-11
May-11
Jun-11Jul-1
1
Aug-11
Sep-11
Oct-11
0
1,000,000
2,000,000
3,000,000
4,000,000
5,000,000
6,000,000
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
18,000
Growth of HathiTrust Digital Library (Jun 2009 – Oct 2011)
Titles in HathiTrust Titles published in NorwayTitles in Norwegian
Title
s / E
ditio
ns
Nor
weg
ian
Cont
ent
15,605
13,761
5M
Library cooperation made this possible Networked information environment made it imperative
NB. <50K Norwegian language speakers in US
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$- $5,000,000 $10,000,000 $15,000,000 $20,000,000 $25,000,000 $30,000,000 $35,000,000 $40,000,000 $45,000,000 0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Library Materials Expenditures (2008-2009): derived from ARL statistics
% o
f Lib
rary
Mat
eria
ls S
pend
ing
on E
lect
roni
c Re
sour
ces
HarvardYale
U Illinois, Chicago
Michigan
Princeton
Alberta
73% of university ARLs
This pool continues to shrink
Majority of research libraries shifting toward
e-centric acquisitions, service model
Shrinking pool of libraries with mission and resources to sustain print preservation as ‘core’ operation – 25?
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Source: Ithaka S+R Faculty Survey, 2009
If robust digital preservation and access system were available: “74% of respondents said that the withdrawal of print books would be an important strategy for their libraries in the future …A large majority of libraries (84%) said that they would be more likely to withdraw their [digitized and digitally preserved] print book collections if they could access print copies of books through a trusted sharing network.“ Source: Ithaka S+R Library Survey 2010
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0 20 40 60 80 100 1200%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
Duplication of ARL University Library Holdings in HathiTrust Digital Library
Jun-09
Rank in ARL Investment Index (2007-2008)
% o
f Ti
tles
Dup
licat
ed Median duplication in June 2011: 36%
Median duplication in June 2009: 19%
Median duplication in June 2010: 31%
[The network reconfigures the library]
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A closing reflection. If libraries are to see themselves
‘on the map’ in the global network,in tomorrow’s knowledge base,
We must build a cooperative platform together.