Download - Mining and Resource depletion
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Geology and nonrenewable mineral resources terms
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Geology
• Study of the earth's dynamic geologic history.
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Earths layers 2 kinds: Oceanic, Continental
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Rock Types
Caused by heat and pressure
Caused by heat and then cooling
Caused by weathering of rocks then compaction (pressure)
Weathering
Melting, then cooling
Weathering
Melting and pressure
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Plate Tectonics (Plates)
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Plate Boundries
Convergent
Transform
Divergent
Subduction Zone
Earthquakes Along Fault
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Magma/Lava
Magma
LavaComposite
Volcano
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Depletion Time (80%)
• Time frame in which usually 80% of mineral resource is predicted to be depleted-other 20% costs too much
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Erosion
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High grade Ore
• Ore containing large amounts of the pure desired mineral
That’s some high quality
H2O
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Mixture
• One or more elements or compounds…duh
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Mineral
• Naturally occurring, inorganic, crystalline
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Mineral resources: Metallic, Nonmetallic
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Subsurface mining/Surface mining
Subsurface
Surface
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Strip Mining (area and contour)
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Mountain top removal
• Primarily for CoalSpoils-Unwanted material from the removal of the
mineral
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Open Pit Mining
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OreMixture of mineral and impurities mined from ground-Various processes used to purify
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Smelting
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Subsidence(Due to mining mostly)
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Tailings
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Issues• Resource depletion
• Destruction of natural resources (land, forest, mountains)
• Erosion of land after mining
• Hazardous waste tailings in ground and water