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MENTAL ILLNESS AND PERSONALITY DISORDER:DEPRESSION
HSP3C
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DEPRESSION
Type of mental illness called a “mood disorder”
Mood disorders affect the way you feel, think and act
Individuals with depression always feel “down” and hopeless
Changes in life: feelings, physical health, thinking and behaviour
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CHANGES.
1) Feelings: Signs of being unhappy, worried, guilty,
loneliness, hopeless
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CHANGES.
2) Physical Health Headaches or other general aches that they
cannot explain May feel tired all the time Have problems eating
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CHANGES.
3) Thinking Low self-esteem Self-blame Negative thoughts about themselves Hard time concentrating They believe the world can be a better
place without them
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CHANGES.
4) Behaviour Withdraw from others Shows less interest in activities that they
normally enjoy
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SYMPTOMS
Persistent (for a long time) sad, anxious, “empty” feelings
Feelings of hopelessness (do not believe anything will work out)
Loss of interest in enjoyable activities Fatigue (tired) and less energy Difficult concentrating Suicide thoughts Loss of appetite OR over-eating!
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TYPES OF DEPRESSION
Type Definition (What it is)
1) Major Depressive Disorder
- Person’s ability for work, sleep, study, eat and pleasure-able activities go away- Have a hard time living life - Recurs throughout a person’s life
2) Chronic Depression
- Long-term - Similar symptoms to major depressive but not as severe- Does not disable the person from living life
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CAUSES.
NOT ONE CAUSE – a combination
Genetics + Biological (DNA)
Environmental (things that are happening around you)
Psychological (mental imbalance triggered by events)
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DIAGNOSIS
Can be difficult to diagnose someone with Depression
Evaluate symptoms – how long you’ve had them, when they started and how they were.
Your doctor will ask questions about the way you feel (to see if they match any of the symptoms of depression)
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TREATMENT
Earlier treatment, the better
Each treatment is for each individual
Most common = medication + psychotherapy
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TREATMENT
1) Medication Anti-depressants
Works on brain chemicals Regulate mood
Must be taken 4-6 weeks before medicine to begin working
Keep taking medicine until the doctor says “stop”
If one medicine doesn’t work – another might!
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TREATMENT
2) Psychotherapy Talk to a therapist, which helps them learn
how to deal with illness
Two types of Psychotherapy: 1) Cognitive Behavioural Therapy 2) Interpersonal Therapy
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PSYCHOTHERAPY (1)
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT)
- Negative thoughts are restructured
- Look at environment (surroundings) and relationships in a positive way
-Find out what YOU are doing to add to the depression
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PSYCHOTHERAPY (2)
Interpersonal Therapy (IPT)
- Helps people understand and work through troubled relationships
- These may have caused the depression or make it worse.
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LIVING WITH DEPRESSION
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BAD MOOD VS. DEPRESSION
Bad Mood Depression
- Feeling sadness, loneliness or grief when going through a difficult life experience
- Continue to function (live life)
- You know that you will bounce back and everything will get better
- Feelings of sadness, loneliness or grief do not go away
- Sadness interferes (disrupts) your work, sleep and recreation (hobbies)
- Cannot “pull yourself together” to get better
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DID YOU KNOW?!?!
The total number of 12-19 year olds in Canada at risk
for developing depression is
3.2 million.