Download - Medical educators 2017
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On the courageous/outrageous
boundary: an approach to
representing qualitative data
Prof Tansy JessopSouthampton Solent University
Guest Lecture to Medical Educators, UoW31 March 2017
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Choose a Picture
• Don’t think about it too much• Choose a picture that you are
drawn too
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Jottings• Why did I choose this picture?• How does this speak to me as a
medical professional?• How does it speak to me as
someone embarking on a research project?
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Is there a place in research for bringing the creative and the
critical together?
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Apartheid’s imprint
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….on teachers, nurses, police and vicars
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Rural teacher narratives
• Apartheid’s impact on teachers• Choices: Teachers, nurses, police• Contested space• ‘Collaborators’• Soweto 1976 • “Education before liberation”• Civil conflict in KZN from1987-1994
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Bantu Education
meets Soweto
uprising 1976
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1995-7The Context of
my PhD
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Post-apartheid KwaZulu-Natal
• Low-intensity civil war, 10,000 to 30,000 dead
• Rural primary teachers • ‘Inside out’ study• Teacher development• Interviews (68), ethnographic data,
documentary sources
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55%
pupils
without
toilets
43:1 pupil teacher ratios?
54% G3 teachers no books in classrooms
42% schools electrified
34% schools have no water
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Raw data
• Read Segment 1 and 2 of the raw data:Jot down some thoughts:What strikes you?What might you do with interview data like this?How could you represent it?
• Chat in pairs about it.
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Why poetry?
• Compelling stories of trauma, hope, broken dreams
• Flesh-and-blood social realities• Illuminating the critical rational analysis• Voice, power, emotion• Positioned – research from ‘somewhere’• Research as writing• Epistemological paradigm
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“Poetry is the shortest emotional distance between two points” (Robert Frost).
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Two interpretive communities (Denzin, 1994)
Tender-minded
IntuitiveEmotionalOpen-ended textsInterpretation as artPersonal biasesExperimental texts
Tough-minded
Hard nosed empiricistsRational analyticalClosed textsInterpretation as
methodNeutralityTraditional texts
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“Emotion has only recently gotten a foothold inside the
academy, and we still don’t know
whether to give it a seminar room, a
lecture hall, or just a closet we can air out
now and then” (Behar, 1996).
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I’ve seen nothing
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Dilemmas• Authorial voice: who is speaking?• Stark, emotional, evocative – no subtle
grey shades• What about the academy?• Critical detachment, abstraction,
distance• In-between space: “At best only
almost poetry”• Influence on policymakers
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Agency
Structure
Relational Instrumental
Survivor
Pragmatist
Realist
Idealist
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So why be outrageous/courageous?
• Thick description• Interview speech closer to poetry than prose• Animates and invigorates• “A vital text is not boring – it grips the
reader” (Richardson, 1994)• Bridge between art and social science
(Diversi, 1993)• Useful in getting a different angle on data• Develops empathy
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References
Behar, R. (1996) The Vulnerable Observer: Anthropology that breaks your heart. Boston. Beacon Press.Denzin, N. (1994) ‘The Art and Politics of Interpretation’ in Handbook of Qual. Research. Calfornia. Sage. 500-515.Diversi, M. (1998) Glimpses of Street Life: Represented Experience through Short Stories. Qualitative Inquiry 4(2) 131-147Jessop and Penny (1999) A story behind a story: developing strategies for making sense of teacher narratives. Int. Journal of Social Research Methodology. 2(3) 213-230.Richardson, L. (1994) ‘Writing: A Method of Inquiry’ in Handbook of Qual. Research. California. Sage. 516-529.