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Media and Medium
Jason Smith
April 21, 2023
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Transmission Media
• Coaxial Cable
• Twisted Pair Copper Cable
• Fiber-optic Cable
• Wireless
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Coaxial Cable
• Two types– ThinNet (10Base2)
• 10 Mbps, 30 nodes per segment, max 180 meters• LAN
– ThickNet (10Base5)• 10 Mbps, 100 nodes per segment, max 500 meters• Backbone
• Insecure– Coax is easy to splice
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Twisted Pair Copper Cable
• Copper wire
• Twist reduces EMI
• Classified by transmission rates– Cat3, Cat5, Cat5e, Cat6
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Fiber-Optic Cable
• Glass core with plastic shielding
• Small, light, fragile, and expensive
• Very fast transmission rate
• Can transmit data very far
• Immune to interference
• Hard to splice
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Wireless
• Microwave, radio and infrared
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Security Concerns
• Easy to insert a node or splice into network
• Most attacks involve eavesdropping or sniffing
• Physical security
• War driving
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Storage Media
• Magnetic Storage
• Optical Media
• Solid-State Storage Media
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Magnetic Storage
• Floppy Disks– 8”, 5.25”– 3.5”
• Double Density – 800KB• High Density – 1.4MB
• Zip Disks– 100MB, 250MB, 750MB
• Other Disks– Jazz, Pocket Zip, Super Disk,
Tape Backup
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Magnetic Storage – Hard Drives
• Around $1/GB• Three interfaces
– SCSI• Introduced in early
1980’s• Very fast, reliable,
expensive• Up to 320MB/s• Up to 16 devices
– IDE / ATA• Cheap, common, easy
to setup• Somewhat unreliable
– Serial ATA• Introduced in 2002• 150MB/s• Hot-plugging capability• Serial Attached SCSI
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Optical Media - CD
• CD-ROM, CD-R, CD-RW
• Typically store 700MB
• 1.8GB/$
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Optical Media - DVD
• Digital Versatile Disc
• Typically store 4 to 17GB
• Standards– DVD, DVD-RAM, DVD-R,
DVD-R/W, DVD+R/W
• Non-standards– DVD-VCD, DVD-SVCD,
DVD-MP3
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Optical Media - DVD
• Future Standards– DVD+RW DL
• 8.5GB• DVD+RW Alliance• Available now
– DVD HD• 20+GB• Toshiba and NEC• Available in 2005
– Blu-ray• 27GB on single
sided, single layer disc
• blue-violet laser • Panasonic,
Pioneer, Sharp, Samsung, Sony
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Solid-State Storage Media
• No moving parts• Slow/fast• Very small• Generally used in cameras, PDAs, etc.• Several types
– CompactFlash (1GB)– Memory Stick (512MB)– Secure Digital (512MB)– Smart Media (128MB)
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Security Concerns