Download - Measuring the Sun: Daytime Astronomy
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Measuring the Sun:Daytime Astronomy
2008 SEEC Workshop
Mike McGloneAerospace Education Specialist
NASA-Johnson Space Center
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Astronomy?
Study of all things above (outside) the Earth’s atmosphere.
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What is the closest star to the Earth?
What is the brightest star in the sky?
The Sun
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Sun Facts•Earth-Sun Distance: 150,000,000 kilometers (93,000,000 miles) = 1 A.U. (Astronomical Unit)
•Mass: Sun contains 99%+ of the solar system mass.
•1.9x10^30kg=330,000 Earth masses
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More Sun Facts•Rotation: ~27 days
•Differential
•Solar Cycles: 11 years, 22 years
•Solar luminosity (energy output of the Sun) = 3.846 10^33 erg/s
•Photosphere ‘Surface’ temperature = 5770 K = 10,400 ºF
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What solar observations and/or measurements can we (our students) gather?
Location of sunrise/sunset. (degrees)
Sun Angle
Solar Diameter
Solar Rotation
Sun Intensity
Sunspots
Influence on Earth’s Magnetosphere
Measuring the Sun
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Build a Solar Camera
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Solar Camera Materials
•File folder
•Aluminum Foil
•Graph paper (small grid)
•Tape
•Scissors
•Sharp pencil
•Ruler or Meter Stick
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Using the Solar Camera
DO NOT LOOK AT THE SUN!
DO NOT LOOK AT THE SUN!
DO NOT LOOK AT THE SUN!
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Solar Camera Mathematics
Diameter of Sun (H) Distance to Sun (D)
Diameter of Image (h) Distance to Image (d)
Beware of Units
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What did you or your group determine to be
the diameter of the Sun?
ACCEPTED VALUE
23,891,238 KM
100 EARTH RADII
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Other Instruments
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Sun-Earth Connection
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NASA ConnectNASA CONNECT ™ is an annual series of FREE
integrated math, science, and technology programs for students in grades 6–8. Each program has three components:
(1)a 30-minute television broadcast that can be viewed live, taped for later use, or viewed online.
(2)an educator guide describing a hands-on activity, and
(3) an interactive web activity that provides educators an opportunity to use technology in the classroom setting.
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QuickTime™ and aSorenson Video 3 decompressorare needed to see this picture.
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Student Observation Network
http://son.nasa.gov
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Standards
•Making measurements.
•Fractions and ratios.
•Unit conversions.
•Seasons
•Sun-Earth systems
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Resources
•Solar Physics (Marshall Space Flight Center): http://science.nasa.gov/ssl/pad/solar/default.htm
•Space Weather: http://www.spaceweather.com
•Solar and Heliospheric Observatory: http://sohowww.nascom.nasa.gov/
•Student Observation Network: http://son.nasa.gov
•Living with a Star: http://stargazers.gsfc.nasa.gov/resources/products.htm
•Sun-Earth Connection: http://sec.gsfc.nasa.gov
• Solar-B Mission EPO: http://www.chabotspace.org/vsc/solar/default.asp