Smart Grid experience and transition to full-scale projects
Jacek Bujak, ABB
Electric Power Control Center Conference (EPCC 14)
May 14-17, 2017 - Wiesloch, Germany
EPCC 14 - May 14-17, 2017 - Wiesloch, Germany
Some of the targets for 2020 50 percent renewable energy
20 percent higher energy efficiency
10 percent renewable energy in transportation
Fossil free fleet of vehicles 2030
Zero net emissions of greenhouse gases by 2050
Wind together with nuclear and hydro main electricity production sources
New focus areas to support the EU SET plan: smart grid, wind, bio fuels and sustainable cities
Background
Mature deregulated market in place
AMI in place through out Sweden (Monthly reading, moving =>1hourly)
A largetransformation
of the energy system
Sweden - Ambitious energy policy drives new requirements
EPCC 14 - May 14-17, 2017 - Wiesloch, Germany
Stockholm Royal Seaport – Urban Smart Grid• A full scope ABB Smart Grid for a sustainable city and harbor environment• Focus on active consumers (residential andharbor) and peak load reduction•High level of international interest
Smart Grid Gotland – Rural Smart Grid• A full scope ABB Smart Grid with possibilityto study island operation.• With 30% intermittent renewable productionit represents the challenge many regions and countries will face in the future. With both these sites ABB can demonstratecapability to solve the issues related to bothan urban and rural grid environment.
ABB Smart Grid R&D Solutions: Two Advanced Demonstration Projects
EPCC 14 - May 14-17, 2017 - Wiesloch, Germany
Customers
Fortum Stockholm Municipality
Key objectives
Develop a world class sustainable city district
Reduce CO2 emissions to a level below 1.5 ton per
inhabitant per year by 2020 (from 4.5 ton)
Become fossil fuel free by 2030
Adapt to climate change
ABB’s response – Smart grid scope
Automated intelligent urban distribution grid
Demand Response Management
Integration of renewable energy
Integration of electric vehicles
Energy storage
Electrification of harbor – Ship to shore
House and building automation
Stockholm Royal Seaport project
EPCC 14 - May 14-17, 2017 - Wiesloch, Germany
12 000 New HomesModern Cruise Port
600,000 m2 commercial space
35 000 Work Places
Year 2030 - a sustainable urban environment
Facts
- Sustainable focus
- 236 hectars
- Building years 2010-2030
- 12000 apartments
- 35 000 work places
- 600 000 sqm commercial
- New Infrastructure
- 3,5 km to Stockholm City
- Fossile fuel free 2030
EPCC 14 - May 14-17, 2017 - Wiesloch, Germany
Focus areas:
- Active house. Study residents response on CO2 signals and price signals. Visualize the information in the apartments.
- Smart Grid Lab. ABB products DRMS, DMS/PSE (Power System Explorer), and Business Intelligence. DMS and is part of visualization of Grid Development on distribution voltage level.
- Grid Development. ABB delivers two new 10 kV distribution substations with latest technology and equipment for one retrofit. Studies on network losses, self restoration, network reliability.
- Market Concept. Evaluation and possible future up scaling.
- ICT. Secure reliable communication platform for the smart grid internal and external components.
Stockholm Royal Seaport project – general description
BI
EPCC 14 - May 14-17, 2017 - Wiesloch, Germany
Outgoing feeders with
fuses
Outgoing feeders with
fuses
Incoming feeders with
CB with measuring and
protection
Incoming feeders with
CB with measuring and
protection
Outgoing feeders with
LV CB measuring and
protection
RTU
Outgoing feeders with
LV CB measuring and
protection
Incoming feeders with
CB with fault detection,
measuring and
protection
Incoming feeders with
CB with fault detection,
measuring and
protection
To
SCADA
Traditional Secondary Substation
SRS Secondary Substation
Robust Energy System
Shorten outages
Minimize Consequences
of outages
Avoid outages
Integration of low voltage Switch gear in 10/0,4kV Sec. SS
Stockholm Royal Seaport project – grid development
EPCC 14 - May 14-17, 2017 - Wiesloch, Germany
Stockholm Royal Seaport – Use case DRMS
• Test customers willingness to move consumption from peak load
Test Scenario
Price signal
• Test customers willingness to move consumption from Co2 peak
Test Scenario
Co2 signal
• Test possibilities to steer/reduce consumption in case of an event for a supplier/DSO/Aggregator
Test Sceanrio
Event driven/Intra day
Demand respons
• Test possibilities to make good load/generation forecasting and to be able to use that for control
Test scenario
Forecasting
Reduce CO2 emissions from 633 kg per household / year to 436 kg
Move 5% and 15% of energy from peak load hours
Reduce peak load with10% compared to normal load
EPCC 14 - May 14-17, 2017 - Wiesloch, Germany
Stockholm Royal Seaport – Use case DMS
• Collection of data from different type of sensors in the substations, for analysis and further actions
Test Scenario
Reliability centredmaintanance
• Test possibilities to detect fault in secondary substation
Test Scenario
Fault indication
• Test possibilities to self restore the network after identified fault
Test Scenario
Self restoration network
• Test possibilities to reduce transformer no load losses
Test scenario
Reduce losses no load
• Emergency dispatch of loadTest Scenario
“Styrel”
Reduce transformer losses
(-15%) without effect on quality or asset life time
Reduce costs for
maintananve and increased
reliability
Increased reliability and
reduced time for
interuptions
CAIDI -10% (ref area)
SAIDI -20% (ref area)
Reduce load to 10% of
normal load
EPCC 14 - May 14-17, 2017 - Wiesloch, Germany
Monitoring and control Active industries and
farms
Energy storage
Smart substations
Grid automation
Active prosumers
HVDC link
Project targets:
1. Integration of wind power generation
2. Improved power quality
3. Active consumers
Smart Grid Gotland – a full scale test platform
EPCC 14 - May 14-17, 2017 - Wiesloch, Germany
High penetration DER - Global Solar PV Trends
Industry Challenges and Trends
EPCC 14 - May 14-17, 2017 - Wiesloch, Germany
• In many parts of the world Distributed Energy Resources (DER) will be the largest share of the market for new generation capacity:
• By 2018, the U.S. solar plus storage market is expected to reach at least $1 billion and the U.S. energy storage market alone will hit $1.5 billion or more, according to GTM Research - GTM Research, May 2016
• Installed DER capacity, including distributed generation (DG), energy storage, microgrids, EVs, and demand response (DR), will triple between 2016 and 2025, growing from 124 GW to 373 GW worldwide – Navigant Research 2016
• The proliferation of these resources requires new systems to manage and control them – Distributed Energy Resource Management Systems (DERMS)
Why DERMS?
Distributed Energy Resources Management Systems (DERMS)
EPCC 14 - May 14-17, 2017 - Wiesloch, Germany
Consumers and Aggregators
Location and ratings
Intermittent power flows
Voltage swings
Monitoring & control
Short circuit violations
Accounting for settlements
Coordination with other applications
Changing network configurations
Examples of challenges presented by DERMS
DERMS
New gridTraditional grid
EPCC 14 - May 14-17, 2017 - Wiesloch, Germany
Who needs DERMS?
• Manage the distribution network in the presence of DER. Need visibility into DER operation and potentially control of DER to operate the network
Electric Distribution Companies
• Manage their increasing portfolio of renewable or distributed assets. Looking to increase revenues by creating innovative offerings both for their direct customers or to participate in markets
Market Participants
(Generation Companies and Retailers with distributed energy resource)
• Create a portfolio of distributed energy resources, or Virtual Power Plants (VPPs), from which they can offer additional services to third-parties (wholesale market, distribution network operators, retailers) from which they take a share of the profits
Market Participants
(Aggregators)
• Manage a DER market below the current wholesale market level. This market is in its infancy and there are many models being considered from a centrally controlled distribution market run by a distribution network operator to distributed markets enabling peer-peer trading (possibly using blockchain)
Distribution Market Operators
Whilst there is a significant degree of shared capability between the various users of a DERMS, the end-users have different objectives and value propositions.
EPCC 14 - May 14-17, 2017 - Wiesloch, Germany
DERMS for Distribution Network Operations - Use Cases
Distribution Network Operations – provide DER registration, forecasts and dispatch for DERMS applications to manage network constraints
Voltage/Reliability Services – economic dispatch of active and reactive power to mitigate voltage issues
Manage Equipment Capacity Constraints – economic dispatch to address network constraints
Verification and Settlements – confirmation that the services were provided and their financial settlement
EPCC 14 - May 14-17, 2017 - Wiesloch, Germany
Generation Companies and Retailers, Aggregators
DERMS For Market Participants - Use Cases
Renewable Commercial Operations – provide DER registration, forecasts and dispatch for DERMS applications to increase market share
Market Participation – aggregate DER to offer and settle energy and ancillary services in wholesale markets
Resource Optimization – optimize and dispatch DER
EPCC 14 - May 14-17, 2017 - Wiesloch, Germany
Modular distribution operations platform
DERMS – An Integral Component of ABB ADMS
ADMS
SCADA
Outage Management
System
Network Applications
DERMS
Analytics
EPCC 14 - May 14-17, 2017 - Wiesloch, Germany
Network Manager ADMS
Trouble call , AMI, outage notificationsOutage predictionAuto-creation and management of ETRsCrew managementPlanned workSwitch Order Management
Common Graphical User Interface
Distribution Application
Outage Management
External Adaptors & Data Exchange
SCADA
Common Data Model, Simulation and Training
Communications
SCADA Communications
Data acquisitionAlarmingTrendingReal-time calculationsIntegrated data engineeringHistorian
DERMS
DER Program ManagementOptimal Power FlowVolt/Var ControlDER ForecastingDER OptimizationDistribution Markets
ADMS Analytics
Load FlowFLISROverload Reduction SwitchingRestoration Switching AnalysisVolt/Var ControlShort Circuit Analysis
EPCC 14 - May 14-17, 2017 - Wiesloch, Germany
Network Manager ADMS
Integrated ADMS benefits
Separate SCADA-OMS-DMS ABB integrated ADMS
Avoid multiple network models
Temporary network changes readily available for all functions
Avoid multiple integration points to external IT systems
Common user interface
Increased situational awareness
EPCC 14 - May 14-17, 2017 - Wiesloch, Germany
Composite objects
Grouping of Point Data
State and behavior
A composite object consist of:
– Composite object type
– Information display
– Symbols showing the states
– APL program(s)
– Command dialogs
Modeling of different types of renewables
Solar
Biomass
Wind
Thermal
Hydro
Centralized monitoring and control for wind power
EPCC 14 - May 14-17, 2017 - Wiesloch, Germany
Wind turbine composite object
– Approx. 200 SCADA signals
– Up to 3400 state indications
– Wind turbine state
Wind park composite object
– Status calculated from wind turbines and electrical substation statuses
Meteo composite object
– Generic representation of meteo tower
Wind power composite objects
Running Without communication
Warning
Manually Stopped
InternalRegulation
Maintenance UndeterminedExternalRegulation
Not remotelyResettable
RemotelyResettable
Centralized monitoring and control for wind power
EPCC 14 - May 14-17, 2017 - Wiesloch, Germany
ABB implementation
General
– State modeling through composite objects
– Long-term storage of data
Wind turbines
– Acciona, - Bonus (Siemens),
– Ecotecnia (Alstom), - Enercon,
– Gamesa, - GE,
– Made, - Neg Micon (Vestas),
– Nordtank (Vestas), - Vestas
Object oriented modeling of renewable assets
Centralized monitoring and control for wind power
EPCC 14 - May 14-17, 2017 - Wiesloch, Germany
Data Model Based on IEC 61400-25-2
Centralized monitoring and control for wind power
Model Element
NrStandard Description
En
erc
on
Ve
sta
s
GE
1.5
GE
1.6
x
Go
ldw
ind
…
1 ABB Turbine status calculated X X X X X
…
5 IEC Turbine status X X
6 IEC Active power (kW) X X X X X
7 IEC Reactive power (kVAr) X X X X X
8 IEC Wind speed (m/s) X X X X X
…
61 CUSTOMER Wind Speed Air Density Factor X X X X X
62 CUSTOMER 10-min Adjusted Wind Speed (m/s) X X X X X
63 CUSTOMER 10-min Average Active Power (kW) X X X X X
…
80 VENDOR CMD Turn Yaw Right X X X
81 VENDOR CMD Turn Yaw Left X X X
82 VENDOR Set Blade 1 Pitch Angle (deg) X X
…
EPCC 14 - May 14-17, 2017 - Wiesloch, Germany
Sample Display
Centralized monitoring and control for wind power
EPCC 14 - May 14-17, 2017 - Wiesloch, Germany
Generation & Transmission
Network Manager - Common Platform
– SCADA engine with real-time DB
– Front-End Computers
– Data Historian
– User Interface (Graphical User Interface)
Power Applications
– Generation Management
– Transmission Network
Market Management System
Generation management applications
System architecture
External Applications and Systems
Graphical user interface
Office Client Business IntelligenceRich Client
Transmission Application
Dispatcher Power Flow
State Estimator
Security Analysis
Optimal Power Flow
Congestion Forecast
Short Circuit Analysis
Infrastructure
InterfaceTransmission Network Model
Thin Client
InterfaceInterface
Metering
SystemScheduling
System
Planning ToolsGenOps / Unit
Commitment
Nostradamus /
Load Forecast
Billing /
Settlement
AGC
Economic Dispatch
Reserve Monitoring
Production Costing
Hydro Auto Pilot
Hydro Chain Control
Generation Applications
External Adaptors & Data Exchange
EPCC 14 - May 14-17, 2017 - Wiesloch, Germany
State-of-the-art MMS– Co-optimization of Energy, Ancillary Services, Virtual Bids and CRRs– Fully automated market clearing/optimization processes
Standards-based Platform
– Modern Architecture
– Cyber Security
Market Infrastructure
– e-Trading & Publishing
Market Applications
– Market Clearing
– Congestion Management
Financial Systems
– Settlement & Billing
Interconnector ManagerRegistration
External InterfacesTrading
Market Time-line
ManagementReport Publishing
[ Market Infrastructure – MI ]
[ Market Applications – MA ]
Resource Dispatch
(RD)
Day-Ahead Market
(DAM)
Congestion Rev Rights
(CRR)
Intraday Market
(IDM)
Capacity Market
(CM)
Real-Time Market
(RTC/RTD)
Financial & Capacity
Market
SCADA/EMS
[ Internet ][Participants ]
[ Market Operator ]
Interconnections
Outages &
Availability
System Forecasts
Other Systems
Settlements
Billing & Invoicing
Accounting & Bank
Transfers
Revenue Metering
and Meter Data
Managament
Solution Overview.vsd
Demand Forecast
(SDLF, LDP)
[Outage Scheduler – OS ]
Prudential Risk
ABB’s Market Management System (MMS)
EPCC 14 - May 14-17, 2017 - Wiesloch, Germany
Advanced MMS Solutions
Configurable Market Solutions Including Congestion Management– Week-ahead pre-scheduling
– Day Ahead Market / Scheduling
– Pre-Dispatch/Intra-Day Market / Scheduling
– Real-Time Commitment and Dispatch
– Balancing Mechanism
Complex Modeling– Renewable Resources, DERs, Storage
– Combined-Cycle Plants – full model
– Jointly Owned Resources
– Hydro System and Pumped Storage
– Block Loading Resources
– Demand Response
– Complex Reserves
– Post-contingency correctives
Support all Market Designs– Central or Balancing
– Single MCP, Zonal or Nodal LMP
CCP OFFConfiguration 1
(1CT)
Configuration 2
(2CT)
Configuration 4
(2CT+1ST)
Configuration 3
(1CT+1ST)
Startup Up
Up
Up
Startup
Shutdown Down
Shutdown
Down
Down
Up
Down
EPCC 14 - May 14-17, 2017 - Wiesloch, Germany
- Demonstration projects important to:- wisely use existing and new advanced technologies - evaluate customer behaviour- create understanding and acceptance for new business models
- Advanced applications including DERMS needed in Network Management systems to model and fully utilize DERs
- In full scale projects modelling of DERs necessary:- at all system levels - across the entire suite of applications:
from MMS through EMS and GMS to DMS
Summary