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Matching VET in Georgia with Labour Market Needs
“The Mismatch-Study”German House Tbilisi, 08. July 2010
George Welton (GeoWel Research) &
Peter Wunsch (Private Sector Development Program Georgia)
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GTZ in Georgia
since 1992 Team: 78 8 programmes / 17 Mil. € (2010) 3 topics
Governance/Legal Reforms;
Biodiversity;
Private Sector Development
(with VET)
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Private Sector Development Georgia
Private Sector Development
South Caucasus
C 3C 1 C 2 GeorgiaArmeniaAzer-baijan
Regional
a b c da b c d
a. Economic & Financial Policies b. Export Promotion
c. Food Safety d. Competition Policy
C1: Economic PolicyC2: Labour-Market orientated VET-PolicyC3: LRED
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C2: Labour market orientated VET-Policy
•Policy-Study•Costing-Study•(Budgeting)•Country-Analysis
•Round tables „VET-Financing Dialogue“
Makro
Meso
Mikro
Financing Matching Social dialogue
•Mismatch-Study
•„Sector Dialogue“ Meetings
•IDP-training on the job Gori
•Tourismus-Training Zugdidi
•(Dialogue-Study)•Flanking VET-
Strategy (Sector Comittees)
•Round tables „VET-Policy Dialogue“
•VET-competition „skills@work“
•PPP „construction“
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Objectives
Identify mismatch between labour demand and VET sector provision
Look at the labour matching process Recommend ways to improve the
process
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Methodology – Labour Mismatch
• VET Centre Provision– Quantitative analysis of national VET training provision– Interviews with VET Directors in Tbilisi, Shida Kartli,
Batumi, and Poti• Labour Market Needs
– Analysis of Primary Geostat data – Detailed review of existing skill needs analysis– Interviews with 96 businesses, 9 business
associations, 6 trade unions in key sectors– Review of recent survey by IOM in Shida Kartli
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Methodology - Matching Strategy
Examined law and government policy Interviewed
Government Existing social partners Member of sector Committees VET Centers Possible social partners
Reviewed UK and Estonian VET systems for comparison
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Existing Courses 2009/2010
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A few are very good...
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A few are less good...
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Labour Market Needs: Standard Statistics
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Integrated Household Survey
Business Survey
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The Mismatch
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Examination of the Matching Process
Government policy
Sector Committees
VET Centres
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Government understands the problemPolicy already highlights key weaknesses:
• Provides no training opportunities for a number of professions
• Lacks a system for studying the labour market on a regular basis
• Has weak (or no) link between educational programmes of VET schools and regional demand
• Has weak social partnership generally
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Sector Committees
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At the VET Level lots going on:
Praktikums Business Advisory Boards Employment Centers Website Advertising and outreach to schools
But it is sporadic....
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6 Areas for Improvement1. Use of data for identifying on-going mismatch
2. Improvements in Sector Committees
3. Assistance to VET Centres
4. Incentives for business involvement
5. Better coordination with international organisations and donors
6. Strengthened linkages between government and intermediary social partners
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Area 1: Use of Data• Simplify and standardise collection of information
from VET Centres• Re-organise information to offer clearer macro
insights• Identify sub-sectors of interest to VET
– Get data on changing employment patterns– List companies by region that relate to each
sector/region• Conduct a small skills needs assessment jointly
with Geostat’s annual business survey
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Area 2: Sector Committees Re-organise Sector Committees to reflect
categories of skill needs Use list of active businesses to identify likely
members Deepen engagement of intermediary social
partners Ensure minimal administrative and time
requirements on businesses Allocate funds to facilitate broadening of sector
committee responsibilities
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Area 3: VET Centres• Help VET Centres identify businesses for praktikum
with a central list sorted and disseminated by region and skill
• Provide standardised and simplified procedure for engagement
• Act as a conduit for collaboration with large firms• Consider developing pilot for apprenticeships to
further involve businesses
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Area 4: Incentives for Involvement
Engaging businesses is hard, but could become easier by:
• Offering income-tax breaks• Ensuring minimal demands on time and paperwork• Distinguishing levels of engagement and
understanding who is likely to engage at what level• Demonstrating with finances and government
involvement that VET is a priority• Imparting skills to VET trainees that are in demand
by business
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Area 5: International involvement
• Huge amounts of time and money providing training to support development projects – particularly in agriculture
• Sustainability is a problem
But…• VET centers can offer institutional framework and
sustainability
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Area 6: Use of intermediaries Strengthen connection of government and
intermediaries• Business associations• Employers associations• Trade unions• Professional associations
This is difficult everywhere but UK case suggests…• Needs to be sectoral• Needs clear pay-off• Needs to be realistic in the goals
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3 immediate suggestions
List specific sub-sector information from GeoStat and talk to them about additions to the annual household survey.
Make new sector committees match skill categories. Use same skill categories for collecting information.
One extra member of the VET MoES team should be Manager of Business Relations.
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Let´s face the challenge
Didi Madloba
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