![Page 1: Mars Basics. Size & Distance Smaller than Earth (0.532x) Mars diam ~ 6779 km (4212 miles) Earth diam ~ 12,742 km (7918 miles) 8 Mars would fit inside](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649dc05503460f94ab4718/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Mars Basics
![Page 2: Mars Basics. Size & Distance Smaller than Earth (0.532x) Mars diam ~ 6779 km (4212 miles) Earth diam ~ 12,742 km (7918 miles) 8 Mars would fit inside](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649dc05503460f94ab4718/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Size & Distance
![Page 3: Mars Basics. Size & Distance Smaller than Earth (0.532x) Mars diam ~ 6779 km (4212 miles) Earth diam ~ 12,742 km (7918 miles) 8 Mars would fit inside](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649dc05503460f94ab4718/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Size & Distance
Smaller than Earth (0.532x)
• Mars diam ~ 6779 km (4212 miles)
• Earth diam ~ 12,742 km (7918 miles)
8 Mars would fit inside the Earth!
1.5 AU from the sun (~140 million miles)
0.5 AU from the Earth (~43 million miles)
SCALE!!!
![Page 4: Mars Basics. Size & Distance Smaller than Earth (0.532x) Mars diam ~ 6779 km (4212 miles) Earth diam ~ 12,742 km (7918 miles) 8 Mars would fit inside](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649dc05503460f94ab4718/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Scale
Using an Earth balloon and Mars balloon to scale:
• Q: How far away do you think Mars would be?
• A: ~0.4 miles (0.64 km)
![Page 5: Mars Basics. Size & Distance Smaller than Earth (0.532x) Mars diam ~ 6779 km (4212 miles) Earth diam ~ 12,742 km (7918 miles) 8 Mars would fit inside](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649dc05503460f94ab4718/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Courtyard Marriott
Four Points by Sheraton
![Page 6: Mars Basics. Size & Distance Smaller than Earth (0.532x) Mars diam ~ 6779 km (4212 miles) Earth diam ~ 12,742 km (7918 miles) 8 Mars would fit inside](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649dc05503460f94ab4718/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Rotation & Revolution
One Martian day (sol) is 24 hours and 37 minutes
One Martian year is 687 Earth days, almost two Earth years
![Page 7: Mars Basics. Size & Distance Smaller than Earth (0.532x) Mars diam ~ 6779 km (4212 miles) Earth diam ~ 12,742 km (7918 miles) 8 Mars would fit inside](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649dc05503460f94ab4718/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Seasons
Like Earth, Mars tilts
This tilt contributes to seasons; orbit also contributes
![Page 8: Mars Basics. Size & Distance Smaller than Earth (0.532x) Mars diam ~ 6779 km (4212 miles) Earth diam ~ 12,742 km (7918 miles) 8 Mars would fit inside](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649dc05503460f94ab4718/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
AtmosphereMars does have an
atmosphere, though it is very thin
Air pressure at the surface is about 1/100th the surface pressure on the Earth
• Earth: 1013mb• Mars: 7mb
Mostly carbon dioxide, some nitrogen
• 95% CO2
• 2.7% N2
• 1.6% Ar• 0.13% O2
![Page 9: Mars Basics. Size & Distance Smaller than Earth (0.532x) Mars diam ~ 6779 km (4212 miles) Earth diam ~ 12,742 km (7918 miles) 8 Mars would fit inside](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649dc05503460f94ab4718/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Mars is Cold!Average temperature is about -80° F
Can drop to -195° F near the poles (winter); can reach 70° F near the equator
Large day to night (diurnal) temperature variation
You can Follow Mars Weather reports from the Curiosity rover here:
• Mars Weather on Twitter (@MarsWxReport) https://twitter.com/MarsWxReport
![Page 10: Mars Basics. Size & Distance Smaller than Earth (0.532x) Mars diam ~ 6779 km (4212 miles) Earth diam ~ 12,742 km (7918 miles) 8 Mars would fit inside](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649dc05503460f94ab4718/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Polar Caps
Northern cap (left) is made of alternating layers of dust and water-ice
Southern cap (right) is made of alternating layers of dust and water-ice below, carbon dioxide ice on top
![Page 11: Mars Basics. Size & Distance Smaller than Earth (0.532x) Mars diam ~ 6779 km (4212 miles) Earth diam ~ 12,742 km (7918 miles) 8 Mars would fit inside](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649dc05503460f94ab4718/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Giant Volcanos
400 miles!
![Page 12: Mars Basics. Size & Distance Smaller than Earth (0.532x) Mars diam ~ 6779 km (4212 miles) Earth diam ~ 12,742 km (7918 miles) 8 Mars would fit inside](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649dc05503460f94ab4718/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Valles Marineris
![Page 13: Mars Basics. Size & Distance Smaller than Earth (0.532x) Mars diam ~ 6779 km (4212 miles) Earth diam ~ 12,742 km (7918 miles) 8 Mars would fit inside](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649dc05503460f94ab4718/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
An Impact Scarred Surface
Argyre Basin
1150 miles!
![Page 14: Mars Basics. Size & Distance Smaller than Earth (0.532x) Mars diam ~ 6779 km (4212 miles) Earth diam ~ 12,742 km (7918 miles) 8 Mars would fit inside](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649dc05503460f94ab4718/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
50 km
Ravi VallisAncient Floods
![Page 15: Mars Basics. Size & Distance Smaller than Earth (0.532x) Mars diam ~ 6779 km (4212 miles) Earth diam ~ 12,742 km (7918 miles) 8 Mars would fit inside](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649dc05503460f94ab4718/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Streamlined Features
![Page 16: Mars Basics. Size & Distance Smaller than Earth (0.532x) Mars diam ~ 6779 km (4212 miles) Earth diam ~ 12,742 km (7918 miles) 8 Mars would fit inside](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649dc05503460f94ab4718/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Valley Networks
25 km
5 km
![Page 17: Mars Basics. Size & Distance Smaller than Earth (0.532x) Mars diam ~ 6779 km (4212 miles) Earth diam ~ 12,742 km (7918 miles) 8 Mars would fit inside](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649dc05503460f94ab4718/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Phobos and Deimos
~17 MILES
11
MILES
![Page 18: Mars Basics. Size & Distance Smaller than Earth (0.532x) Mars diam ~ 6779 km (4212 miles) Earth diam ~ 12,742 km (7918 miles) 8 Mars would fit inside](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649dc05503460f94ab4718/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
A Desert World
![Page 19: Mars Basics. Size & Distance Smaller than Earth (0.532x) Mars diam ~ 6779 km (4212 miles) Earth diam ~ 12,742 km (7918 miles) 8 Mars would fit inside](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649dc05503460f94ab4718/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
A Geologic Time Machine
![Page 20: Mars Basics. Size & Distance Smaller than Earth (0.532x) Mars diam ~ 6779 km (4212 miles) Earth diam ~ 12,742 km (7918 miles) 8 Mars would fit inside](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649dc05503460f94ab4718/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
A Dusty Place
Mars Spirit Rover at Gusev Crater
Mini-tornados - 20 to 60 mph wind
30 to 300 feet wide, up to 6 miles high