Download - Marjorie Pearl Alabat Maturan, LPT
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Marjorie Pearl Alabat Maturan, LPT [email protected]
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Marjorie Pearl Alabat Maturan, LPT College Instructor, College of Teacher Education
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Education: Graduate: Surigao State College of Technology- Main Campus (ongoing) Degree: Master of Arts In Education major in English Baccalaureate: Surigao State College of Technology Main Campus, 2018 Degree: BSEd. Major in English Secondary: Surigao State College of Technology Del Carmen Campus, 2014 Elementary: Cancohoy Elementary School, 2010 Work Experiences:
GIP and a Volunteer Teacher , San Isidro National High School English language and Gen.Ed.subjects tutor Customer Service Representative, Telephilippines Davao
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• Purposive Communication is a three-unit course that develops students'
communicative competence and enhances their cultural and
intercultural awareness through multimodal tasks that provide them
opportunities for communicating effectively and appropriately to a
multicultural audience in a local or global context. It equips students
with tools for critical evaluation of a variety of texts and focuses on
the power of language and the impact of images to emphasize the
importance of conveying messages responsibly.
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Course Learning Outcomes:
• Obtain new insights and perspectives about
communication in terms of its nature, principles,
process and ethics.
• Produce an output that exemplifies and reflects the
principles, values and ethics of multicultural
communication in writing and speaking through the use
of technology.
• Show appreciation of the differences of the varities of
spoken and written language and their impact on the
society and the world.
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• What is your
understanding about the
Course Description:
Purposive
Communication?
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Question:
•What are your
expectations from the
class?
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Question:
• How did you able to
surpass challenges in
your life as a student
despite of the New
Normal?
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Learning Outcomes:
• Discuss the broad concept of communication process via Google Meet.
• Know the flow of transmitting thought from one person to another pertaining to communication process by researching a diagram of communication models.
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Communication is simply the act of
transferring information from one
place, person or group to another.
Communication is more than the exchange
of thoughts, feelings, expressions and
observations among people; it builds human
relationships. The only way for people to
understand each other is through
communication.
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n
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Categories of Communication
Spoken or Verbal Communication, which includes face-to-
face, telephone, radio or television and other media.
Non-Verbal Communication, covering body language,
gestures, how we dress or act, where we stand, and even our scent.
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Written Communication: which includes letters, e-mails,
social media, books, magazines, the Internet and other media.
Visualizations: graphs and charts, maps, logos and other
visualizations can all communicate messages.
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Elements of Communication
• The Sender (or the speaker) holds an idea that needs to
be conveyed as a message in oral form influenced by
experiences, knowledge, skills, situation, purpose and
attitude toward self and the listener. The sender’s goal
is to transfer the message by all means.
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Encoding Messages
All messages must be encoded into a form that
can be conveyed by the communication channel
chosen for the message.
Successful encoding of messages for the audience and
channel is a vital skill in effective communication.
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An effective communicator understands their audience, chooses an appropriate communication channel,
hones their message to this channel and encodes the message to
reduce misunderstanding by the receiver(s).
They will also seek out feedback from the receiver(s) as to
how the message is understood and attempt to correct any
misunderstanding or confusion as soon as possible.
Receivers can use techniques such
as Clarification and Reflection as effective ways to ensure
that the message sent has been understood correctly.
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• The Receiver (or the listener) decodes the conveyed message.
He/She filters the message based on his/her frame of
reference, which includes the level of knowledge about the
subject, language proficiency, experiences, values and attitudes.
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Decoding Messages
Once received, the recipient needs to decode the message.
Successful decoding is also a vital communication skill.
This will depend on their experience and understanding of the context
of the message, how well they know the sender, their psychological state
and how they feel, and the time and place of receipt. They may also be
affected by any Barriers to Communication which might be present.
There are therefore a wide range of factors that will affect decoding and understanding.
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• The Message is any idea delivered by the sender to the
receiver. A message can be in verbal form (i.e. ,written or
spoken words, sign language, e-mail, text messages, phone
calls, snail-mail, sky-writing, etc.) and with non-verbal
content (e.g., body movement and gestures, eye contact,
artifacts and clothing, vocal variety, touch, timing, etc.)
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• The Channel is the medium or means through which the
message is transmitted. The primary channels in face-to-face
communication are sound and sight. Public announcements
and advertisements are commonly sent through radio,
television, Internet, newspapers and magazines. Other
channels communicate nonverbal messages through the use of
other human senses such as touching, smelling and tasting.
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• The Noise is also known as the barrier that affects the message from
being sent, received or understood. Noise is classified in the following
forms:
a. Physical Noise is the noise from the environment such as beeping
cars, talking people, ringing phones, barking dogs, etc.
b. Semantic Noise is the different understanding of the meaning of
the message sent which considers language, culture or handwriting.
c. Psychological Noise depends on one’s concept or mentality towards
the message or the speaker such as prejudices, narrow mindedness
and biases.
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• The Context (or the situation) is the time and place in
which communication occurs. Communication adapts
to the setting. For example, the language of the
students in the classroom is quite different from the
language they use at home.
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• The Feedback is the receiver’s message that he/she
sends to the source in response to the sender’s message
. Feedback can be in the form of verbal or non-
verbal response.
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Communication Models
A model is a visual representation of the communication
process to understand clearly the roles of each element.
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3 Models of Communication
• Linear
• Interactive
• Transactional
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Linear Communication Model
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a. It is a unidirectional model.
b. It presents a simple communication act.
c. It involves persuasion, not mutual understanding.
d. It values psychological effects over social effects.
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Interactive Communication Model
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This model recognizes the involvement of more than
one participant at the same time using two-
directional communication known as “feedback loop”.
Schramm (1954, as cited in Whaley & Samter, 2013) proposed continuous
loop (interactive model) with communicators simultaneously sending and
receiving messages. Westley and Mac Lean (1957, as cited in Whaley &
Samter, 2013) produced a corrected version of the linear model including
feedback loops. Lastly, Berlo (1967, 1977, as cited in Whaley & Samter,
2013) finally imposed the notion that communication cannot be isolated or
separated from other events.
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Transactional Communication Model
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The transaction model generates social expectancies in
communal, relative, and ethnic contexts among
communicators. Here, the exchange of messages creates
relationships, form intercultural alliances, shape self-concepts
and engage with others in dialogue to create communities.
The roles of sender and receiver in the transaction model of
communication differ significantly from the other models.
Thus, the transaction model encourages both the sender and
receiver to communicate simultaneously.
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The Transactional Model is a more complex understanding
of communication because it considers social, relational and
cultural contexts and their influence to the communication.
a. Social context refers to the stated rules or unstated norms
that guide communication.
b. Relational context involves the social history and
relationship between/among people.
c. Cultural context incorporates the aspects of human identity
specifically the sexual characteristics, ethnic group, way of
life, sexual orientation, social class and skill.
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The desired outcome or goal
of any communication process
is mutual understanding.
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You can always ask! You may be unsure if a message has been successfully received and
decoded, especially if you do not get much feedback from the
recipient. If so, you can always ask!
A quick question is a good start, for example:
“Is that OK?” or “Are you clear about that?”
If you want more detailed feedback or to check that the recipient
has really understood, you might say something like:
“So, let’s just run over that one more time. I think I am going to
do x, and you are going to do y. Is that your understanding too?”
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Being able to communicate
effectively is the most
important of all life skills.
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• Do you agree that language is dynamic? Explain.
• What is Communication?
• Why do we need to know Communication Models?