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Mapping
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Why do you think maps are important?
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Latitude and LongitudeMapmakers
(cartographers) use an imaginary grid of parallel lines and vertical lines to locate points on Earth.
These lines are latitude and longitude.
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Latitude
Lines measuring the distance north or south of the equator(the equator circles the Earth halfway between the north and south poles)
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Latitude
Equator = 0o
North Pole = 90o North
South Pole = 90o South
Locations between the equator and poles are between 0 and 90
degrees N or S
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Latitude
Measurements of latitude are in degrees. In order to be more precise, the degrees are
further divided into minutes (‘) and seconds (“).
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Longitude
The distance in degrees East or West of the prime meridian.
Prime meridian – the reference point for longitude that represents 0 degrees longitude. This line runs through Greenwich, England
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Longitude
Points west of the prime meridian are numbered 0 to 180o
west (W). Points east of the
prime meridian are numbered 0 to 180o
east (E).
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Longitude
Like latitude, longitude is measured in degrees, minutes and seconds.
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Locating Places
In order to locate a place, we need to know its longitude AND latitude. The location is the place where these two lines intersect and is unique for every place on earth!
Latitude is always listed first!
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Time Zones
The earth is divided into 24 time zones, 1 for each hour of the day.
Each time zone is approx. 15 degrees wide, corresponding roughly to lines of latitude.
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Why do you think some of the lines are not straight?