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Manufacturer of Flow32, FLGS-TDP, & SapIP Wireless Sap
Flow Systems, HPFM, DEX, and Sensors
US Representative for Delta-T Devices, Ltd.
US Representative for Gill sonic anemometers
Systems Integrator for Campbell Scientific
A Primary Source for Plant Science Research Equipment
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Introducing SapIP
Remote Sensor Logger &
Agrisensors.NET
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All water transpired moves via Sap Flow through the stem / trunk or
branches where it may be measured by the sap flow sensor ...
Also called sap flow collars since the sensor wraps around the branch.
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(Qf)
Heat balance sensors heat the stem using a
heater strip with constant power. Measure
the heat loss to the ambient (Qr). The
remaining heat is carried by the sap (Qf)*
(Qr)
HOW?
Measure the
temperature increase
(+) and convert the
heat to a flow rate,
based on the cooling
effect of water (Specific
Heat = Cp).
Heater Strip
Temp Sensor (-)
Temp Sensor (+)
* Stem Heat Balance
Method (S.H.B.)
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SapIP System Features
Easy Mounting
Comes Complete:
Wiring, grounding,
antenna, surge,
mounting hardware
provided
Gateway:
GSM or LAN Versions
Power 120 or 220 Volt
UPS battery backup
Solar – battery option
Nodes:
•30,000 Records
•8 Analog In
•2 Digital In
•Heater power
•Excitation
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SapIP Nodes
Self Contained Nodes
Sap Flow or TDP
Micro Climate Kit
Weather Parameters, ET Soil Moisture Node–
up to 6 sensors
SapIP REP Repeater
700 m hops to SapIP Nodes
2.4 Ghz High Gain - 500 m Range
900 Mhz High Gain – 1000 m Range
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SapIP Advantages •Data on the spot – wireless mesh radio network
•Remote access from anywhere with Internet
•Remote Control and Monitoring Status
•“Real-Time” Data updated in minutes
•Reduce cable cost and travel costs
•Improve data storage capacity and multi-point access
•Logger storage and automatic network storage
•NO user programming required – all systems preconfigured
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Agrisensors.NET Remote Logging Network
Internet Protocol
Application Server
User’s Record
Manager
Network
Server
Gateway
SapIP – Network Loggers
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What is a Mesh?
Data Paths
Mesh is like a net, with
many points interconnect.
Relay
Node
SapIP Logger
Node
7 Hops
Max
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Platform Included
LAN - anywhere
Completely
Developed Cloud
Computing
Platform !
Cellular MODEM
Gateway - GSM
• Customized Dynamax
Gateways
• Platform Server Provided
• International Support
•1-5 yr license available
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WEB Access Data Agrisensors.NET
Dynamax Server
Access and Data Security
Control SapIP Devices
Start and Stop Devices
Modify Setup
Download Data
Report Data Integrity
Locate on Satellite Map
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Agrisensors server for SapIP
Complete logging
control
User specified
graphics
Download or
upload data
remotely
Records
configuration
changes
On-Line support
services!
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Get Status Report from individual SapIP. View Sensors Channels and configuration.
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Compare ET & Plant Water Use
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Daily Sap Flow of Tangerine
September 2015
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Accumulated Sap Flow of Tangerine
September 2015
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September 2015
Download Raw Data and Calculated Results
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BASIC Data Collection
Sap flow data, plant water use
Accumulated daily total water use
Weather Data - ETo for comparison
Soil Moisture data
Weekly irrigation schedule
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Agrisensors site data
Dynamax Inc 2014
Select the Reports Tab and select the SapIP
SITE 1 7/4 TO 7/9 1-6 days shows the quarter hourly sap flow readings. (g/hr). CIMIS data from
Fresno State reported below.
7/4 To 7/9 ETo (mm)
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
100
700
1300
1900 100
700
1300
1900 100
700
1300
1900 100
700
1300
1900 100
700
1300
1900 100
700
1300
1900
Time
mm ETo (mm)
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Sap Flow data
Weather data, ET
Calculate Kc on wet days, Ks on dry days
Two Kinds – Crop Water Stress Index
CWSI = (Etm- Eta)/Etm (Textbook definition)
Water “Stress Factor” CWSF = Ks/Kc
So if Stress Factor = 0.75
Transpiration is 75 % of maximum T
New terminology - simple for sap flow
Plant Stress Data Analysis
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Water Stress Index – Check the Irrigation Schedule
Then calculate the Kc
Dynamax Inc 2014
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
7/1
7
7/1
8
7/1
9
7/2
0
7/2
1
7/2
2
7/2
3
7/2
4
7/2
5
7/2
6
7/2
7
7/2
8
7/2
9
7/3
0
7/3
1
8/1
8/2
8/3
8/4
8/5
8/6
8/7
8/8
Mo
istu
re %
, H
ou
rs /
da
y
Site 1-2 Soil Moisture %, 5-10 cm (2-4 in)Soil Moisture % Site 1Irrigation hrsSoil Moisture % Site 2Irrigation Hrs
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Ratio of Sap Flow / ETo = Crop Stress Coefficient
Dynamax Inc 2014
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Sap Flow vs ETo CIMIS FSU Campus(mm) 12.7 mm = 1/2 in
Eto -Cimis
Eta -SF
Kc = 1.0 to 1.05
Note that the 28th and
the 30th are low ET
days. Cooler weather
are not normally days
to set Kc for July.
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Ks after stress induced – 7 days before shaking 10 hrs @ Aug 5 7 hrs @ Aug 8
3.18 2.71
7.28 6.42
6.99 7.14 7.1
0
2
4
6
8
8/3/14 8/4/14 8/5/14 8/6/14 8/7/14 8/8/14 8/9/14
ET Accumulated(mm)/Day
Average 5.8 mm /day
235 Gallons applied; 305 gallons used, water
reserve depletion 70 gal.
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Dynamax Inc 2014
Sap Flow Ks is highly correlated to Stem Water Potential
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Simple Data Presentation
Plant water use curves, hourly water use
Total daily water use - extrapolated to whole plants
Stress Factor bar chart
Growers need only decide how much plant stress
can be tolerated before irrigating
Growers also know about how much water should
be applied
Water can be conserved if irrigation schedule is
reduced, and Stress Factor remains at 1.0
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Use SapIP Direct-Connect Dashboard
To collect data directly from the SapIP Node
Attach Windows
PC to the USB
port of the SapIP
to control, and
monitor.
Used for stand-
alone operation as
well.
Retrieves data and
exports raw results
to Excel,
Agrisensors, or
local charts.
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SapIP – Direct Connect Real-Time Charts & Data Base View
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SapIP Benefits • Using the plant to determine crop water use
and stress levels
• Irrigation scheduling using “Stress Factor”
• Water conservation
• Monitor sap flow, soil moisture, and
weather, all through one network
• Agrisensors.NET data graphs and charts
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SapIP Applications •Irrigation Scheduling
•Works on - Almond, Grape, Citrus, Pecan, Peach, Plum,
Pistachio, Corn, Cotton, Soybean, Sunflower, Walnut, … .
and many more crops and trees
•Stress management
•Scalable to cover large areas
•Water balances
•Soil moisture or weather station networks
•Phytoremediation and Water Balances
•Drought tolerance evaluation
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IRT – IR Leaf Temp System
• Wireless IR Temperature
• Leaf temperature
• Plant stress measurement
• Irrigation scheduling
• For center pivot or other
irrigation systems
• Uses low-cost Zigbee
coordinators
• Developed with USDA-ARS
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XBIB Coordinator
• XBIB Coordinator connected to PC
• “IRT Watcher” Software
• Will handle up to (10) IRT Sensors or
Repeaters
• 300 to 500 meter “Line of Sight”
• Use Repeaters to add distance, 500 meters
• Up to (24) IRT possible with Repeaters
September 2015
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Dynamax IRT Sensors
• Measure IR temperature +/- 0.3 C
• 10 degree Field of View
• Leaf temperature relates to plant stress
• Wireless or Analogue versions
• Compare to CWSI or other Stress Model
• Excellent for use with drip or center pivot
irrigation
• For use on crops where sap flow will not
work, or on moving platforms
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IRT-SALH Data Loggers
• Monitors up to (24) IRT
• Stress Accumulator Software
• ZB Link Transmitter
• Memory for 65,000 records
• SD Card Slot for Data
• WiFi for data collection, 20-50 ft
• Webpage data access, Mapping
for locations
September 2015