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Mandatory InserviceINFECTION CONTROL
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At the completion of this module the participant will be able to: Define Standard Precautions Discuss The Chain of Infection
List steps to follow after a body fluid exposure Define Tuberculosis Define VRE and MRSA
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Standard precautions As defined by the CDC in 1996, Standard
Precautions are environmental practices: Designed to reduce the risk of transmission of
bloodborne pathogens and moist body substances.
Designed to reduce the risk of transmission of microorganisms from both recognized and unrecognized sources.
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Standard Precautions Apply to:
Blood All Body Fluids and secretions except sweat. Non-intact skin Mucous membranes
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Goal of Infection Control The goal of infection control is to prevent the
transmission of disease by utilizing procedures that break the Chain of Infection
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Chain of Infection The Chain of Infection includes:
The presence of an infectious organism (Pathogen) capable of causing disease.
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The Chain of Infection A Portal of Exit which allows the organism to
leave the reservoir.
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The Chain of infection A Reservoir which can be animate or inanimate,
that serves as a breeding ground for the organism.
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Chain of Infection
A Mode of Transmission which is the way an organism travels to another person.
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Chain of InfectionThere are 4 Modes of transmission:
Direct or indirect contact
Vehicle
Airborne
Vector
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Chain of infection A Portal of Entry which allows the organism
into another person or animal.
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Chain of Infection A Susceptible Host who lacks effective
resistance to the organism.
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How to break the Chain of Infection
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How to break the chain of infection
Wear Personal Protective Equipment
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Personal Protective Equipment Examples:
Gloves
Masks
Gowns
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How to break the chain of infection Place all soiled linen in laundry bags.
Place soiled articles in plastic bags for appropriate disposal.
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How to break the chain of infection Place used needles or other sharps in a
puncture resistant container.
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How to break the chain of infection Never recap a needle. Never purposely bend or break a needle. Never remove a used needle from a syringe.
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How to break the chain of infection Keep your self up to date on immunizations. Take care of your health
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How to break the chain of infection The single best way to break the chain of
infection is to:
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Wash…
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Wash…
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What you should do after an exposure:
1. Wash the area immediately with soap and water
2. Notify your supervisor3. Cover the area
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Tuberculosis A serious bacterial disease
Latent TB: No symptoms Active TB:
Cough for 3 weeks or more
FeverWeakness
Loss of appetite Night sweats Coughing up blood
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Tuberculosis Controlling the spread of TB requires early
detection and treatment
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Antibiotic resistant infections VRE
MRSA
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VRE Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci
Found in stool Direct or indirect contact Must be isolated Must wash with Hibiclens
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MRSA Methicillin Resistant Staph Aureus
Direct contact Skin, nose, blood and urine Must be isolated Affects those with poor resistance
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Confidentiality Do not discuss patient information Guard patient files/computer from view Ensure privacy during care
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HIV Confidentiality Recorded in the medical record Free of Disclosure and Discrimination Includes HIV Tests, Infection and /or Aids related
illness Failure to maintain confidentiality can result in legal
action which includes fines and potential time in prison.
Specific protocols are found in the Policy Manual
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Policy and procedure Policy and Procedure manuals are available in
every department:
Management of Post-Exposure Incidents
Post Exposure Protocol
General Safety/Exposure Control Plan
Approved Cleaning and Disinfecting agents