Main slide• Digitalis leaves:
• Medical plant names.• Plant history.• Description of crude drug.• Origin and constituents.• Pharmacological activity and drugs.• Herbal-drug interactions.
• Jaborandi leaves.• Medical plant names.• Description.• Origin and constituents.• Pharmacological effects and therapeutic indications.• Drugs.
Rough and hairy leaves
Purple flowers
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Digitalis lanata Main slide
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Digitalis leaves :Foxglove leaves:Folia Digitalii• Digitalis purpurea
• Digitalis lanata
• Digitalis dubia
• Digitalis ferruginea
• Digitalis grandiflora
• Family : Scrophulariaceae
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• Digitalis is an example of a cardio-active or cardio tonic drug, in other words a steroid which has powerful action on the cardiac muscle in animals, and has been used in the treatment of heart conditions ever since its discovery in 1775.
• The discovery of digitalis is accredited to the Scottish doctor William Withering .
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Description
Biennial herbaceous plant .
Odor : distinct.
Taste : bitter .
D.purpurea : has hairy leaves with purple flowers.
D.lanata : has very hairy leaves with whitish pink flowers .
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Origin Southern and Central regions of Europe
Chemical constituents Glycosides: cardiac (steroidal) group:
1. Digoxin .
2. Digitoxin.
3. Gitoxin
(3 molecule of digitoxose + aglycone part )
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Uses:
1. Congestive heart failure.
2. Arrhythmia .
Drugs
Digoxin – zori : (Teva) Tablets 0.25mg
Lanoxin : (Wellcome) a) Tablets: 0.25mg
0.0125mg,0.00625mg
b) Elixir ped. : 0.05mg
c) Amp.: o.5mgMain slide
Drug interaction
• Acetaminophen, aspirin, digoxin Decreased/delayed drug absorption
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Red flower
Oval with entire margin
Jaborandi leaves: Jaborandi leaflets:Folia Jaborandi
Pilocarpus jaborandi
Pilocarpus pinnatifolius
Family: Rutaceae
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Description:
Perennial mild trees (4-5m) height with red flowers .
The leaves (leaflets) are oval with entire margin.
Odor :characteristic
Taste :Bitter ,pungent and aromatic.
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Origin Brazil and Paraguay.
Chemical constituentsChemical constituents1-Alkaloids (0.5%-1%) imidazole group-
Pilocarpine.
2- volatile oil 0.5%
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The pharmacological effects and uses of pilocarpine
- Parasympathomimetic agent.
-Stimulates directly muscarinic receptors in the eyes which causes pupil constriction (myosis).
-Increase body secretions .
Uses:
1- Antidote in case of poisoning from atropine (parasympatholytic agent).
2- Treatment of Glaucoma.
3- treatment of xerostomia.Main slide
Glaucocarpine
®
Drops
Ophthalmic
solution
Taro 1%-4% Glaucoma
Mi-Pilo ® Ophthalmic solution
Fischer + lacrimol
2,4%
Control intra ocular pressure
Pilocarpine HCl ®
Drops
Ophthalmic solution
Vitamed 1%-4% Glaucoma
Timpilo ® Drops
Ophthalmic
solution
MSD +timolol
2,4%
Decrease
(IOP)
Salagen ® Tab Mega-pharm
5mg Radiatin induced xerostomia
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