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Design principles for m-learning
Dr. Agnieszka (Aga) PalalasPrepared for M4D MOOC – October 2013
https://www.m4d-mooc.org/portal
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Design principles for m-learning
Outcome:
To determine basic design principles for mobile learning and identify the key limitations to the design and development of mobile instruction.
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Needs Assessment
Before you start the design…• True need for m-learning?• What educational problem?• M-learning versus other educational solutions?• Benefits of mobile learning in the unique
educational context?• Resource requirements (physical/logistic, technological, human,
and monetary)?
Consider the potential enablers, challenges and risks.
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Needs Assessment
• Mobile technologies
• Access to the Internet and power
• Device usage and mobility patterns and context
• Learning outcomes
• Learner needs and preferences
• Theoretical framework
• Existing materials incl. educational apps
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Key Characteristics of M-LearningDesign learning experience that is:
• Authentic • Contextual (context-independent vs. embedded) • Collaborative, connected• Personalized• Active• Relevant and meaningful • Formal and informal• Flexible and focused • Guided by experts• Supported by experts and peers• Engaging and empowering
……contingent on needs and context
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Aspects of Design
m-learning ≠ compact/ shrunk e-learning
• Content (incl. learner-generated artifacts)
• Delivery (incl. the physical and temporal setting)
• Interaction, sharing, and communication
• Learning and teaching activities
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Content Design• Multimedia
• Bite-sized yet connected
• Access to existing content and resources
• Required and optional
• Personalized and student-generated
• Reminders, notifications, updates
• Educational apps
• Social media
…contingent on needs and context
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Delivery Design• Physical aspect (location)
– context-dependent <> independent (flexible <> location-bound)
– personal <> social space
– quite <> loud and busy
• Temporal– brief event <> series of episodes <> long activity <> course-long
(continuous)
– flexible <> focused
– spaced-out
• Technology– offline vs. online
– resources web-based or residing locally
– phones vs. tablets
– cross-platform
– social network usage
…contingent on needs and context
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Interaction DesignIndividual <> collaborative
Formal <> informal
F2F <> via mobile devices <> blended
• Communication – channel and medium, e.g., text-based chat <> phlog
– synchronous <> asynchronous e.g., phone call <> email
• Sharing and exchange– artifacts
– questions
– resources
– peer evaluation
– peer support
…contingent on needs and context
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Activities DesignAccording to the type of learning (behaviourist, constructivist, situated…)
• More suitable for mobile:– blend focused and spontaneous tasks and activities
– data collection and sharing
– personal reflection
– accessing resources (just-in-time, on-demand information)
– connecting with the community of practice
– accessing experts and supports
– assessments
– augmented reality tasks and games…
…contingent on needs and context
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Activities Design• Start with the learner• Educational problem >> outcomes• Technologies and unique context• Make the learning experience:
– Engaging and empowering
– Authentic and active
– Situated and context-aware (whenever possible)
Be prepared for change…
…contingent on needs and context
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Thank you!
Dr. Agnieszka [email protected]: http://www.linkedin.com/in/apalalasPresentations: http://www.slideshare.net/agaizaPublications: http://athabascau.academia.edu/apalalas