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MITOTIC PHASEChapter 9.3
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OBJECTIVES
Summarize the major events that occur during each phase of mitosis.
Explain how cytokinesis differs in plant and animal cells.
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VOCABULARY
spindle centrosome prophase metaphase anaphase telophase cell plate
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MITOSIS DANCE
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During mitosis the chromosomes are controlled by tubes that stretch into a football shape. This framework is called the spindle.
The tubes grow out of centrosomes and move the chromosomes around.
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INTERPHASE
Cell Makes new molecules and organelles In late interphase (G2), the DNA has been
duplicated. Chromosomes not visible, still loosely packed
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PROPHASE
Chromatin has condensed into chromosomes Nuclear envelope breaks down Spindle fibers appear Microtubules from spindle attach to
chromatids Tugging begins
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METAPHASE
Chromosomes line up across the middle of the cell.
Spindles move to the poles (ends) of the cell.
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ANAPHASE
Sister chromatids are pulled apart by the spindle fibers.
Some spindles pull chromatids, others push the poles further apart.
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TELOPHASE AND CYTOKINESIS
Telophase: chromosomes reach poles, spindle disappears, two nuclei reform, and chromosomes unwind back to chromatin
Cytokinesis: cytoplasm divides and cells pinch off and separate
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CYTOKINESIS IN ANIMALS AND PLANTS
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In animals, cytokinesis is a pinching of the cell.
In plants a cell plate is created to make a new cell wall.