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MEIOSIS VOCABULARY
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All of the DNA in an uncondensed (spaghetti-like) form
A double rod of condensed chromatin
ChromatinChromosomes
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Sister Chromatids: the two halves of a chromosome; half original, half rebuilt
Homologous Chromosomes (pairs): chromosomes containing the same gene (possibly different alleles)one from mom, one from dadLine up together in tetrads during
meiosis
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Centromeres: the region of DNA where 2 sister chromatids come together
Spindle Fibers: fibers that attach to sister chromatids and bring them to opposite poles during meiosis
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TYPES OF CELLS
Cells that contain double the amount of chromosomes than haploid cells
Usually called the “normal” number of chromosomes
Two copies of each gene
Cells that contain half the amount of chromosomes than diploid cells
One copy of each gene
Diploid Haploid
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TETRADSHow the chromosomes line up during Metaphase I of meiosis
Homologous chromosomes and their copies (sister chromatids) line up
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SEGREGATIONHomologous chromosomes
randomly line up in tetrad formation during meiosis
Many possibilities for the combination of alleles in offspring
Two possibilities of lining up
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CROSSING-OVERExchange of genes between
homologous chromosomes during meiosis
Adds more variation