Download - Lower Limb 2 Gluteal Area
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Gluteal Region Anatomy
By:Mohammed Faez
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Muscles of the Gluteal Region
The muscles of the gluteal region are responsible for extension, abduction, lateral rotation and slight medial rotation of the hip joint.
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Muscles of the Gluteal Region
Starting from superficial and going deep identify the following muscles:
• Gluteus maximus • Gluteus medius • Gluteus minimus • Piriformis • Superior gemellus • Obturator internus • Inferior gemellus • Obturator externus • Quadratus femoris
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Muscles of the Gluteal Region
The tensor fascia latae is seen from the lateral side of the gluteal region
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Arteries of the Gluteal Region
1. Superior gluteal 2. Inferior gluteal 3. Internal pudendal
• These arteries are branches of the internal iliac artery which lies inside the pelvis.
• There are three arteries coming into the gluteal region through the greater sciatic foramen.
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Nerves of the Gluteal Region
• The nerves of the gluteal region are branches of the lumbosacral plexus:
1. Superior gluteal N2. Inferior gluteal N3. Sciatic N4. Posterior femoral
cutaneous N5. Pudendal N
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Gluteal Region Muscles
Gluteus Maximus• Origin: iliac crest, sacrum• Insertion: iliotibial tract,
linea aspera• Action: extension of thigh at
hip and lateral rotation of thigh
• Innervation: Inferior gluteal nerve
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Gluteal Region Muscles
Gluteus Medius• Origin: iliac crest• Insertion: Greater
trochanter• Action: Abduction and
medial rotation of thigh at the hip
• Innervation: Superior gluteal nerve
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Gluteal Region Muscles
Gluteus Minimus• Origin: Lateral surface of
ilium• Insertion: Greater
trochanter• Action: Abduction, medial
rotation at hip• Innervation: Superior
gluteal nerve
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Gluteal Region Muscles
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Gluteal Region Muscles
Tensor Fascia Latae• Origin: iliac crest• Insertion: iliotibial tract• Action: assists gluteus
maximus inextending the knee joint
• Innervation: superior gluteal nerve
The tensor fascia latae is seen from the lateral side of the gluteal region
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Gluteal Region Muscles
Deep to gluteus maximus are a number of small rotator muscles of the hip, including:
• Piriformis• Gemelli muscles
(superior – inferior )• Obturator internus• Obturator externus• Quadratus femoris
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Gluteal Region Muscles
Piriformis• Origin: Anterior surface
of sacrum• Insertion: greater
trochanter• Action: lateral rotation
of thigh (at hip joint); abduction of flexed thigh
• Innervation: Sacral nerve S1 and S2
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Gluteal Region Muscles
Superior Gemellus• Origin: ischial spine• Insertion: greater
trochanter of femor• Action: lateral rotation
of femur• Innervation: Sacral
plexus
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Gluteal Region Muscles
Inferior Gemellus• Origin: Ischial tuberosity• Insertion: Greater
trochanter of femur• Action: lateral rotation
of femur• Innervation: Sacral
plexus
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Gluteal Region Muscles
Obturator Internus• Origin: internal aspect of
obturator foramen & obturator membrane
• Insertion: greater trochanter
• Action: lateral rotation of femur; abduction of thigh when hip is flexed
• Innervation: Sacral plexus
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Gluteal Region Muscles
Obturator Externus• Origin: obturator foramen
& obturator membrane (external surface)
• Insertion: Greater trochanger of femur
• Action: lateral rotation of thigh (at hip joint); adduction of thigh (weak)
• Innervation: obturator nerve
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Gluteal Region Muscles
Quadratus Femoris• Origin: ischial tuberosity• Insertion:
intertrochanteric crest of femur
• Action: lateral rotation of thigh (at hip joint); adduction of thigh (weak)
• Innervation:Sacral plexus
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Muscle Origin Insertion Action Nervesupply
Gluteus maximus Outer surface ofilium, sacrum,
coccyx,sacrotuberous
ligament
Iliotibial tract,gluteal tuberosity
of femur
Extends and laterally rotates
thigh at hip;through iliotibial
tractit extends knee
joint
Inferior gluteal nerve
Gluteus medius Outer surface of ilium
Greater trochanter of
femur
Abducts thigh at hip; tilts pelviswhen walking
Superior gluteal nerve
Gluteus minimus Outer surface of ilium
Greater trochanter of
femur
Abducts thigh at hip; anterior
fibers medially rotatethigh
Superior gluteal nerve
Tensor fasciae latae
Iliac crest Iliotibial tract Assists gluteus maximus in
extending the knee joint
Superior gluteal nerve
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Muscle Origin Insertion Action Nervesupply
Piriformis Anterior surface of sacrum
Greater trochanter of
femur
Lateral rotator of thigh
Sacral nerve S1 and S2
Superior gemellus
Spine of ischium Greater trochanter of
femur
Lateral rotator of thigh
Sacral plexus
Obturator internus
Inner surface of obturator
membrane
Greater trochanter of
femur
Lateral rotator of thigh
Sacral plexus
Inferior gemellus Ischial tuberosityGreater
trochanter of femur
Lateral rotator of thigh Sacral plexus
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Muscle Origin Insertion Action Nervesupply
Obturator externus
Outer surface of obturator
membrane
Greater trochanger of
femur
Lateral rotator of thigh
Obturator nerve
Quadratus femoris
Ischial tuberosity intertrochanteric crest of femur
Lateral rotator of thigh
Sacral plexus
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Read About
Sciatic Nerve Course
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Sciatic Nerve
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Sciatic Nerve
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Gluteal Region Muscles
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Gluteal Region Muscles
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Gluteal Region Muscles
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Gluteal Region Muscles
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Gluteal Region Muscles
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Gluteal Region Muscles
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Gluteal Region Muscles
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Gluteal Region Muscles
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Gluteal Region Muscles
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Gluteal Region Muscles
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External Oblique
Tensor Fascia Latae
Gluteus Medius (Cut)
Gluteus Maximus (Cut)
Piriformis
Quadratus Femoris
Rectus Femoris
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