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Low-Carbon Green Growth &Urban Planning Strategies in Korea
Dr. Jo, JincheolResearch Fellow
Global Development Partnership Center
Korea Research Institute for Human Settlements (KRIHS)[email protected]+82-31-380-0164
ASIAN URBAN FORUM 2011
ADB Headquarters, Manila, Philippines, 17 November 2011
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected] -
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Contents
National Policies & Strategies for Low-Carbon Green GrowthI.
Low-Carbon Green Growth Urban PlanningII.
Planning Directions for Low-Carbon GreenIV.
Definition: Low-Carbon Green GrowthNational Policies & Strategies
II-1. Urban Planning GuidelinesII-2. Urban Planning Practices
Case Studies: Sosabeol DistrictIII.
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KRIHS
KRIHS
National Policies & Strategies
for Low-Carbon Green GrowthI
Definition: Low Carbon Green GrowthNational Strategies for Low-Carbon Green Growth
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Green Growth promotes a sustainable growth..... and a new paradigm generatingdynamics of growth and creating new jobs. (15. Aug. 2009)
Green represents more than environment, and Growth is complementsenvironment
For us, Low-Carbon Green Growth is not an option, but an imperative.(29. Aug. 2009)
Low-Carbon Green Growth Statement
A vision statement on low-carbon green growthmade by president Lee (2008.08.15),
followed by his attendance on G8 High-level Talks
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- Concerning Green Land & Transportation, five strategies were developed forestablishing a constituency of green growth
Strength Weakness
Opportunity Threat
Regulatory reorganization &R&D works are under way
Applications & convergence ofIT & green growth are in blast
(U-Eco city) Public funding on energy
saving buildings (green home) Promotes and supports
sustainable transportation(bicycle)
Municipalities poorappreciation on green landand transportation
Uncertainty of effectivenessof resources to be taken
Inappropriate weather andnatural conditions for bicyclerides
As in initial stage, higheffectiveness is expectedwhen actions taken
As with experiences in eco-
friendly new town planning,mgmt. and operation will beexpected to be highlyeffective (with less errors).
Unproven technologies &techniques
National consensus on thegovernment policies:
peoples willingness orsympathy towards thepolicies
Strategies
Green Land & City
Enlarged Eco
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Space
Green Constructions
Green Transportation
Bicycle Riding
Sustainable Transportation
Transforming the transportation
system to low-carbon green system.
Establishing standards for energy-
effective green buildings, and
promoting the constructions.
Physical and institutional
reorganization (eco spaces,programs, promotions..)
Low carbon green growthinfrastructure for reducinggreenhouse gas by reorganizingspatial structures and landscapes.
Directions
Establishing a constitution forbicycle-friendly transportation
environment and system.
Regulatory Readiness
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Presidential Committee on Green Growth set the reduction goal (2020) ofgreenhouse gas, and Low-Carbon Green Growth Act takes into effect 13th April,2010
Aims 21% reduction against 2020 BAU(8% higher than 2005 emission level)Expand green home/buidingsHigh-efficiency product incl. LED
Transform transportation system tolower emission
High-efficient process in industryPromote renewable & nuclear energy
industry
Aims 25% reduction against 2020 BAU(2005 emission level)Focuses on hybrid vehicles & CO2
collection with same strategies
suggested by Alt. 1
Aims 30% reduction against 2020 BAU(4% lowered from 2005 emission level) Focuses on electric vehicles and high-
efficient products with same strategiessuggested by Alt. 2
Reduction Scenarios
Carbon Reduction Goals
Unit: million tons
1990 2005
300
900
800
700
600
500
400
200
100
2020
Alt. 1 Alt. 2 Alt. 3
298
594
813642 590 569
8%-
8%
Alt. 1
Alt. 2
Alt. 3
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Urban Planning for
Low-Carbon Green GrowthII-1. Urban Planning Guidelines
II-2. Planning Cases
II
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Ministry of Land, Transportation and Maritime Affairs announced Urban PlanningGuidelines for Low-Carbon Green Growth.(July, 2009)
- Deals with standards, evaluation, predictions and countermeasures concerning theapplication of low-carbon green growth concepts to urban planning factors
Institutional / regulatory foundation to deal with climate change influences on urban planning
Overview of MLTMs Urban Planning Guidelines for Low-Carbon Green Growth
Reducing greenhouse gas by figuring out the current emission volumes
Evaluating energy efficiency of plans on the land use unit basis
Features : Time-Frame Target Measurability Feasibility
Urban Planning Guidelines for Low-Carbon Green Growth
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Energy Consumption
Consumed Approx. 1.6 M TOE in 2007 (approx. 9% of national consumption)
Home & commerce and transportation accounted for 86% (Represents the importanceof urban and transportation planning)
< Nation > < Seoul >
Seoul City
Home &Commerce Public Use
Transportation
Industry Use
Industry Use
Public Use
Home &Commerce
Transportation
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GHG Reduction Goals
Aims to reduce 40% in 2030 against 1990 emission level
1990 2015 2020 2030
(1,000 tons)
70,000
60,000
50,000
40,000
20,000
0
47,41650,120
40,304 35,562
52,750
28,450
Total Emission Reduction Goal
40%
Volume Reduced
9,816 17,188
30,000
10,000
59,275
30,825
Seoul City
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Strategies for Green Growth
Sustainable Seoulfor Green Growth
Urban Structure & Land use
Public Transportation orientedurban structure
Transit-oriented compactdevelopment
Easy Commuting
Pleasant living space
Wind paths
Green space expansion
Transportation
Facilitate public transportation Improve efficiency of vehicle
Reduce travel miles
Urban structure for walkers andbicycle riders
Commerce
Limit the areas of business use
Introduction of eco-friendlyconstruction
Introduction of IT (smart grid)
Energy
From fossil fuel to naturalenergy
Provides renewable energy
Collective energy consumption(District heating system)
Household
Heating energy circulation
Appropriate per capita areaof housing site
Eco-friendly construction
Transform lifestyle
Industry
Transform the structure
Transform the energy source
Foster new businesses
Maintain Vitality ofUrban Centers
Secure Mobility
Secure life quality &
freedom of residence
Secure productivitySecure Investment
Secure businessfunctionality
Seoul City
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KRIHSKRIHS
III Case Studies:Sosabeol District
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Ranges over Bijeon-dong, Jookbaek-dong and Dongsak-dong, Pyeong taek city,
Gyunggi-Do
Areas: approx. 3 million
Planned Population: 38,000
(13,312 households)
PojectPeriod: 2006.7 ~ 2011.12
Sosabeol District, Pyeongtaek
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Features
World largest urban planning practice for renewable energy : a CDRM registered project
Power generation (5% to total consumption) from renewable energy sources including solar heating,
ground thermal heating and fuel cells
Spatial clustering of waste processing facilities for efficient energy consumption
Expand use of ecologically green spaces and water circulation system
Sosabeol District, Pyeongtaek
Buildings / Facilities Numbers Solar Light Solar Heat Geothermal Fuel Cell
HousingSingle housing 3,796 1,790 2,006 - -
Multi housing 3,415 3,415 - - -
Public
Facility
Schools 10,501 254 224 10,023 -
Gov. Buildings 19,720 622 483 18,615 -
Parks 175 175 - - -
InformationCenters
2,114 83 - - 2,031
Total Sum 39,721 6,339 2,713 28,638 2,031
Unit: MWH / Year per-year total generation up to 5.5% (4MWH) of total consumption
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Further Adoption of Eco System, Water Circulation System and Wind System
Sosabeol District, Pyeongtaek
Green Space& Eco System
Expansion of green places Conservation, restoration,creation & enhancements
Water CirculationSystem
Secures water sources Maintain swampy places
Wind System
Wind paths through green places
Planting considering wind paths
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Planning Directions for
Low-Carbon Green GrowthIV
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Concept of Low-Carbon Green City
Land Use
& Urban Structure
Ecosystem
& Green Space
Low-Carbon
Energy System
Green Transportation
Green Lifestyle
Complex land use
for low-carbon urban structure
Reducing Carbonthru greening buildings& expanding green space
Reducing Carbonbased on renewable energies& green home
Reducing CarbonThru u-bike & green car
Reducing Carbon
By circulating water & resources& building waterfront space Water Circulation
Reducing Carbon systemBased on movements on
green consumption & green start
Railway
Bus
Bicycle
Acess
Complex Use
Residential(High density)
Residential(Low density)
NeighborhoodSquare
DistrictSquare
Waterfront
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3E Urban Conflict to Green Energy Revolution
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Thank You