© ABB Group September 5, 2011 | Slide 1
Lowering environmental impactEnergy efficiency and renewables
Lisa Wen, ABB Taiwan, September 01, 2011
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Contents
Today’s energy challenges
Energy efficiency
Key technologies
Technologies in action
Renewable energy
What ABB is doing
Summary
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Today’s energy challengeRising demand
China
98% 210%
India
148% 292%
EU and North America7.1% 25%
128%66%Growth in primary energy demandGrowth in electricity demand
M. East and Africa
61%
Latin America
89%
IEA scenario 2008-35
values calculated by ABB from data in Current Policies Scenario in IEA’s World Energy Outlook
Today’s energy challengesFuel costs, climate change, supply
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020406080
100120140160
1978
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2008
2010
Global land-ocean temperature index (oC)Source: NASA
Crude oil spot price (in $/ barrel)Source: EIA
Pric
e $
Tem
pera
ture
o C
-0.4
-0.3
-0.2
-0.1
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1860 1880 1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000 2020
5-year mean
Global 5-year mean land-ocean temperature anomaly relative to 1951-1980
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0102030405060708090
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A high degree of public concernMajority in most countries say warming is ‘very serious’
Percentage of population saying global warming is a “very serious problem”Source: Pew Global Attitudes Survey, May/June 2009
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Today’s energy challengesCut link between growth, energy use and emissions
Meeting these challenges requires the world to:
Reduce the correlation between economic growth
and energy use
Reduce the correlation between energy use and
emissions
Energy
efficiency
Renewable sources
of energy
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Contents
Today’s energy challenges
Energy efficiency
Key technologies
Case studies
Renewable energy
What ABB is doing
Summary
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The case for energy efficiencyThe main source of potential emissions reductions
20
25
30
35
40
2008 20352020 *Carbon capture and storage
CO2 emissions (Gt)
World energy-related CO2 savings potential by policy measure under 450 Policy Scenario relative to Current Policies ScenarioSource: IEA, World Energy Outlook 2010
Current trend
450 Policy Scenario
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2020 2035
Efficiency 71% 48%
Renewables 18% 21%
Biofuels 1% 3%
Nuclear 7% 8%
CCS* 2% 19%
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The case for energy efficiencyFast and cheap: technology is already available
“Improving energy efficiency worldwide is the fastest, the most sustainable and the cheapest way to reduce
greenhouse gas emissions and enhance energy security.”(Final statement of G-8 summit, Germany, June 2007)
“Increasing energy efficiency, much of which can be achieved through low-cost options, offers the greatest potential for reducing CO2 emissions over the period to 2050. It should be the highest priority in the short term.”
(International Energy Agency's Energy Technology Perspectives, July 2010)
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Tonnes of oil equivalent (toe)
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
Primary energy used per $1,000 of GDPSource: International Energy Agency, Key World Energy Statistics 2010
Big potential for higher energy efficiencyBest practice Japan highlights scope for improvement
Taiwan 0.18
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Contents
Today’s energy challenges
Energy efficiency
Key technologies
Case studies
Renewable energy
What ABB is doing
Summary
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Primary energy Transport Generation T&DIndustrial processes
Industrial production
80% of energyis lost
Avai
labl
e en
ergy
Only 20% of primary energy sources’ potential is used to generate economic valueThe rest is lost to conversion processes, transportation and operational inefficiencies
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Primary energy Transport Generation T&DIndustrial processes
Industrial production
Avai
labl
e en
ergy
ABB technology can double energy productivity
More efficient fuel combustion
Higher pipeline flows
Improved well efficiency Lower line losses,
higher substation efficiency
Improved productivity
More efficient motors & drives
Drives &motors
ProcessAutomation
Marine & pipelines
Power plantautomation
Gridoperation
Processautomation
Reducing losses along the energy chainABB technology helping at every step
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Energy efficiency in utilitiesPower generation, transmission and distribution
Power plants consume 5% of the electricity they generate
This can be cut by 10 to 30% by optimizing operations and auxiliary systems using sophisticated control systems and energy-efficient equipment
In transmission and distribution, ABB technologies enable more power to travel over existing networks and reduce power losses
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Grosskraftwerk Mannheim, Germany
1,675 MW coal-fired power plant
MV drives, dry-type transformer to control boiler feed pumps
Emissions cut by 10,200 tons/year, revenues increased by $800,000/year
Case studiesPower generation, transmission and distribution
Power Grid Co. of BangladeshFACTS technologies installed in 8 substations, reducing electrical losses by 34 MW
Investment <15% of similar capacity fossil-fuel power plant
Payback time 18 months
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Energy efficiency in industryOther industries accounts for 33% of global energy use
Modern control solutions, automation products and electrical equipment run plants productively and efficiently
Key technologies include controls, enterprise software, instrumentation, low-voltage products, drives, motors, robots and turbochargers
ABB’s energy consultants are experts at identifying energy waste
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Case studiesIndustry
Cementos Cruz Azul, Mexico: Drives replace damper fan control of two fixed-speed fans
Saves 5,300 MWh and $260,000/year
Six months investment payback time
ArcelorMittal steel mill, France ABB identified 53 energy-saving opportunities
Savings potential of about $13.9 million/year, including:
Gas savings - $8.3 million
electricity savings - $6 million
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Energy efficiency in transportationABB helps ship and rail operators reduce consumption
Azipod ship propulsion system brings savings of 5 to 15%, while turbochargers boost diesel engine output four-fold
In rail, ABB technologies transfer power efficiently from grids to railways, while on board components and complete traction packages increase efficiency
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Deutsche Bahn, GermanyNew traction converter developed for first fleet of InterCityExpress trains in just 13 months
Energy consumption cut by at least 12%
Operating and maintenance costs reduced
Case studiesTransportation
Sinorail Bohai Train Ferry Co., ChinaThree new ferries fitted with Azipod power and propulsion solutions
Fuel consumption reduced by ca. 20% vs conventional arrangements
Saving approximately $2.2 million/year
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Energy efficiency in buildingsBuildings account for 40% of energy consumed
ABB building control systems adjust temperature, lighting and energy consumption of electric appliances
ABB is also a leading producer of low-voltage, energy efficient devices for building applications
High-efficiency ABB motors and drives cut energy consumption of pumps and fans in heating, ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems
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Case studiesBuildings
State Library of Victoria, AustraliaDrives help control indoor climate
Saving of 1,800 megawatt-hours (MWh) and $160,000 per year
Payback time of 13 months
Museo d’Arte Moderna in Rovereto, Italy
ABB i-bus KNX technology installed
28% energy savings with advanced lighting control systems
Saves 450,000 kilowatt-hours (kWh) per year and cut costs by $112,000/year
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Energy efficiency backgroundWhy concentrate on motor driven systems
In the industrial sites, over 65% of the electricity is spent to run motors
Motor installed base by end users are generally old and obsolete(= inefficient)
Machines, Motors and Drives are the technologies with the highest potential energy savings against the
lower investment impact (relatively limited and distributed in time)
smaller impact on the existing plant
easier installation procedures
lower payback times (6 ÷ 18 months compared to 4 ÷ 5 years for cogeneration and 12 years for photovoltaic panels)
Energy appraisals for motor driven systems are relatively simple
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Energy efficiency backgroundHow to reduce motor electrical consumption
The electricity demand of motor-drive systems can be reduced by:
Using high-efficiency motors
Proper sizing of the motor to the load requirements
Using variable speed drives to match the speed and torque to the load requirements
Replacing inefficient throttling devices and wasteful mechanical transmissions
Optimizing systems, including the motor-driven equipment, distribution and end-use equipment to deliver the required energy service more efficiently
Proper maintenance and repair
Maintaining acceptable levels of power quality
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Energy appraisalTailored to the end user
Energy appraisals as a new offering to our customers
To reduce energy costs, a company should evaluate its energy usage
An energy appraisal is a systematic examination of applications
It includes monitoring of energy consumed before and after the change to ABB high efficiency motors and drives
ABB offers energy appraisals that rapidly determine where and how much energy can be saved
Project Background – HisnHo Power Plant
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• Position: North of Taiwan• 2,000M W power plant, 4 turbines by
heavy oil (start-up in 1977-1985)• Add MV drives for #4 generator FDF-1
and FDF-2
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CO2
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ABB Scope of Supply
ABB Scope
VCB
Isolation Transformer
ACS1000-24 pulse
VCB
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Contents
Today’s energy challenges
Energy efficiency
Key technologies
Technologies in action
Renewable energy
What ABB is doing
Summary
© ABB Group September 5, 2011 | Slide 29
Renewable energy could deliver 1/5 of cuts neededSizeable contribution from wind, solar and geothermal
20
25
30
35
40
2008 20352020 *Carbon capture and storage
CO2 emissions (Gt)
World energy-related CO2 savings potential by policy measure under 450 Policy Scenario relative to Current Policies ScenarioSource: IEA, World Energy Outlook 2010
Current trend
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2020 2035
Efficiency 71% 48%
Renewables 18% 21%
Biofuels 1% 3%
Nuclear 7% 8%
CCS* 2% 19%
450 Policy Scenario
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ABB technology opportunities in wind power
Static var compensation
Permanent magnet generators(maintenance free)
Switches &breakers
Controlproducts
Transformers
HVDC Light(underground or subsea connections to the grid)
Power electronics(control “unstable” power flows)
Converters(handling intermittent power supply for storage, changing power frequency for conventional grids)
Transformers
Compact substations(can also be used offshore)
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Wind park Borkum 2:
On completion, will be
Farthest wind park from mainland
1.5 million tons/year CO2 reduction
ABB scope
Converter stations
Sea cable 128 km
Land cable 75 km
Platform
Wind project in Germany400 MW transmission from North Sea to mainland
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Standard Solar Power plantHigh Efficiency plants
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CTInverters
Introduction. PV Plant Scheme
Panels Structures
Fix
1 Axis
2 Axis
Glasshouses
Roof
CPV
Thin film
Polycrystalline
Monocryistalline
CPV
- DC Cabling- Protection- String control- Tracker control
Transformers
MV an LV Swicthgears
DC Cabinet Protection and
string monitoring
String composition
DC Cables
Plug & play
Inverters
Concrete building Concrete building
Switching
Plug & playDC Cabinet
tracker control
Substation
MV Lines
Perimetral vigilance
Supervisory andcontrol system
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Selected renewable energy projectsWind, solar, wave
Thornton Bank wind farm, Belgium’s largest (300 MW), avoids 450,000 tons/year of CO2
ABB supplies C-Power NV with electrical system analysis, underwater power cables and electrical equipment
Europe’s largest parabolic trough solar thermal power plant (100 MW) in Spain avoids 345,000 tons/year of CO2
ABB supplies the Andasol power plant with control system for plant, power transformers and substation equipment
World’s first commercial wave farm (2.25 MW) in Portugal, avoids 6,000 tons/year of CO2
ABB supplies Enersis with customized generators for new wave energy technology
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Contents
Today’s energy challenges
Energy efficiency
Key technologies
Technologies in action
Renewable energy
What ABB is doing
Summary
© ABB Group September 5, 2011 | Slide 36
What ABB is doingA history of action
Saving energy
1998-2003: Greenhouse gas emissions cut by 1% pa
2006-09: Rolling two-year program to cut energy use per manufactured unit by 5%
From 2010: annual 2.5% reduction in energy use per employee and annual 2.5% reduction in energy in buildings (kWh/m2)
Pioneering environmentally conscious design
1991-1993: audit of impact of manufacturing processes
From 1994: implementation of environmental management systems
From 1998: focus on environmental performance of products over their life cycle
Today: sustainability criteria embedded in product design and development model. >50% of research efforts aimed at increasing energy efficiency
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40% energy savings ($140,000) at new transformer factory in Germany (motion-sensitive lighting, ultra-efficient transformers)
ABB drives reduce annual electricity use by 442 MWh, saving $80,000/year at our Italian plastic injection factory
50 projects at ABB in Sweden have cut energy bills by $800,000/year
Energy efficiency achievements in our own facilities Often through use of our own products
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Summary
Today’s challenge is to cut link between GDP growth and consumption, and between consumption and emissionsImproving energy efficiency and promoting use of renewable energy are cheapest and fastest optionsThere is huge potential to reduce energy waste all along energy chain.ABB has leading technology at each stepBy reducing energy losses, ABB technology:
Mitigates demand for new power generationMakes better use of natural resourcesMakes industry more efficient and competitive
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