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Limitations of wind power generation development in Polish Power System

Robert Jankowski Krzysztof Madajewski

Cezary Szwed

EWEC 2010Warsaw 21.04.2010

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www.ien.gda.pl e-mail: [email protected] 22

Scope of presentation

• Wind generation in Poland• Study analyzing system limitations of WG operation in

Polish Power System– Scope of study– Assumptions– Results

• Conclusions

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Wind generation in Poland• Installed power: around 800MW• Issued permissions for grid connection:

more than 12000MW (end of 2009)compared to 4000MW in the beginning of 2008

• EU directive 2009/28/WE and Energy policy in Poland by 2030 show strong need for wind generation development (according to Policy Poland needs: 3400MW of WG in 2015 and 6100MW in 2020)

• Tasks to do for Polish Operators: – enable fulfillment of obligations and – coordinate Polish Power System and Wind Generation development

• no guarantee to absorb all power from WG with issued permissions for grid connection before grid reinforcements

• not all connecting conditions will result in working WG

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Setting up a studyInfluence of wind generation on power system

performance and operationStudy started April 2008

Contractor:– Instytut Energetyki Oddział Gdańsk

Vendors:– PSE Operator SA (TSO)– ENERGA-Operator SA (DSO)– ENEA Operator Sp. z o.o. (DSO) }

operate in area where the most connection permissions are issued

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Scope of Study

Types of analyses:– Power flow – Short circuit – Dynamic – Economical

Study area

Analyzed area:– Whole EHV grid– Selected 110kV grid

Influence of WG in Germany

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AssumptionsFinding answers to the following questions:What amount of power of wind generation can operate in northern Poland without significant network investments?What is necessary to enable more WG connection?

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Assumptions model development

• Increased power demand • Grid development:

– EHV limited development in studied area (not associated with wind)

– 110 kVin accordance with development plan up to 2011

• Wind generation – collected data– Working ~450MW (now ~800MW)– With connection conditions ~8650MW (now ~12000MW)

including 2100 MW connected to MV network– Influence of wind generation from Germany

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Assumptions – approach • First approach – before data collection:

– Take into account WG with connection conditions– Look for possibilities to connect more WG

• Final approach – after data collection:– Take into account WG with connection conditions– Change WG in range 0-90% of nominal power– All WG treated equally

• Global approach N-1 analysis for the whole system– In EHV grid– In 110kV grid

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Wind generation - locations

8150 MWThe most attractive area for investors

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Results - EHV networkMaximum loadings recorded in n-1 analyses summer light load model with WG 0-90%

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Results - EHV network

Number of observedloadings 80-100%

Number of observed loadings > 100%

0

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1200

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Prior to this level, WG is limited by other factors

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Results – 110 kV networkMaximum loadings recorded in n-1 analyses summer light load model with WG 0-90%

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ConclusionsIn present state of the system development:• Maximum acceptable WG results from:

– number and level of overloadings – operators ability to cope with it by reducing WG

• Maximum WG in northern and north-western part of Poland: 4200MW (~50%) resulting from EHV network limitations

• EHV network development is necessary to enable more WG connections and operation

• Parallel operation of EHV and 110kV – big mutual influence on required investments and acceptable level of WG

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ConclusionsIn present state of the system development: • Influence of system balancing needs on maximum WG

in light load demand• Preliminary dynamic results (not enough data for future WG

installations) show – no negative influence on transient stability and voltage recovery– around 1000MW can be lost after faults in EHV grid

(mainly connected to MV network)

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ConclusionsElimination of barriers limiting WG connection to PPS:• Grid development , first off all EHV grid

E.g., significant increase of maximum WG in system with new double circuit line north-south Dunowo-Żydowo-Piła-Plewiska:up to 5800MW (~70% of analyzed power)

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ConclusionsElimination of barriers limiting WG connection to KSE:• TSO and DSO update their development plans to enable connection

of more WG and fulfill requirements of EU – in progress– PSE Operator in 2009 updated system development plan up to 2025 – ENERGA-Operator, in the study, updated grid development plan up to 2018

• Improvement of balancing ability of the system – More units with wide range of active power operation – More units able to respond quickly to changing power balance – Less units in must-run mode

• Obligation to WG: to fulfill requirements of grid code (to avoid problems other power system experience now) and update connecting conditions issued before 2006

• Learn from experience of other countries

Download - Limitations of wind power generation development in Polish Power System Robert Jankowski

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