The Life Science Topics
Unit Part I / IV
End Part I / IV of an educational unit about
Life Topics: The Molecules of Life, Health and Nutrition Topics, Characteristics of Life, Life Origins and Human Evolution
Download the Powerpoint version of this video, unit notes, assessments, lab
handouts, review games, videos, and much more at
www.sciencepowerpoint.com
• RED SLIDE: These are notes that are very important and should be recorded in your science journal.
• BLACK SLIDE: Pay attention, follow directions, complete projects as described and answer required questions neatly.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Keep an eye out for “The-Owl” and raise your hand as soon as you see him.– He will be hiding somewhere in the slideshow
“Hoot, Hoot”“Good Luck!”
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The Life Topics UnitThe Life Topics Unit
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The Life Topics UnitThe Life Topics Unit
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
The Life Topics UnitThe Life Topics Unit
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The Life Topics UnitThe Life Topics Unit
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
The Life Topics UnitThe Life Topics Unit
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• This unit will cover…– SPONCH – Carbohydrates
• Proteins– Lipids (Fats)– Nucleic Acids– Eating Healthy– Health Topics – Nucleic Acids– What is Life?– Needs of Life.– Origins of Life– Human Origins
• This unit will cover…– SPONCH – Carbohydrates– Proteins– Lipids (Fats)– Nucleic Acids– Eating Healthy– Health Topics – Nucleic Acids– What is Life?– Needs of Life.– Origins of Life– Human Origins
• This unit will cover…– SPONCH – Carbohydrates– Proteins– Lipids (Fats)– Nucleic Acids– Eating Healthy– Health Topics – Nucleic Acids– What is Life?– Needs of Life.– Origins of Life– Human Origins
• This unit will cover…– SPONCH – Carbohydrates– Proteins– Lipids (Fats)– Nucleic Acids– Eating Healthy– Health Topics – Nucleic Acids– What is Life?– Needs of Life.– Origins of Life– Human Origins
• This unit will cover…– SPONCH – Carbohydrates– Proteins– Lipids (Fats)– Nucleic Acids– Eating Healthy– Health Topics – Nucleic Acids– What is Life?– Needs of Life.– Origins of Life– Human Origins
• This unit will cover…– SPONCH – Carbohydrates– Proteins– Lipids (Fats)– Eating Healthy– Health Topics – Nucleic Acids– What is Life?– Needs of Life.– Origins of Life– Human Origins
“I taste so good!” “You should eat
me.”
• This unit will cover…– SPONCH – Carbohydrates– Proteins– Lipids (Fats)– Eating Healthy– Health Topics – Nucleic Acids– What is Life?– Needs of Life.– Origins of Life– Human Origins
• This unit will cover…– SPONCH – Carbohydrates– Proteins– Lipids (Fats)– Eating Healthy– Health Topics – Nucleic Acids– What is Life?– Needs of Life.– Origins of Life– Human Origins
• This unit will cover…– SPONCH – Carbohydrates– Proteins– Lipids (Fats)– Eating Healthy– Health Topics – Nucleic Acids– What is Life?– Needs of Life.– Origins of Life– Human Origins
• This unit will cover…– SPONCH – Carbohydrates– Proteins– Lipids (Fats)– Eating Healthy– Health Topics – Nucleic Acids– What is Life?– Needs of Life.– Origins of Life– Human Origins
• This unit will cover…– SPONCH – Carbohydrates– Proteins– Lipids (Fats)– Eating Healthy– Health Topics – Nucleic Acids– What is Life?– Needs of Life– Origins of Life– Human Origins
• This unit will cover…– SPONCH – Carbohydrates– Proteins– Lipids (Fats)– Eating Healthy– Health Topics – Nucleic Acids– What is Life?– Needs of Life– Origins of Life– Human Origins
• This unit will cover…– SPONCH – Carbohydrates– Proteins– Lipids (Fats)– Eating Healthy– Health Topics – Nucleic Acids– What is Life?– Needs of Life– Origins of Life– Human Origins
• This unit will cover…– SPONCH – Carbohydrates– Proteins– Lipids (Fats)– Eating Healthy– Health Topics – Nucleic Acids– What is Life?– Needs of Life– Origins of Life– Human Origins
• What did you eat for breakfast today?
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
This unit is the property of Ryan P. Murphy copyright 2010
• By the end of the of this unit you should be able to describe, proteins, carbohydrates, lipids. This unit will help you understand the make up of complex molecules.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• By the end of the of this unit you should be able to describe, proteins, carbohydrates, lipids. This unit will help you understand the make up of complex molecules.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• By the end of the of this unit you should be able to describe, proteins, carbohydrates, lipids. This unit will help you understand the make up of complex molecules.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Area of Focus: SPONCHArea of Focus: SPONCH
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25 of the 100+ elements are 25 of the 100+ elements are essential for life. essential for life.
SPONCH elements are the most SPONCH elements are the most biologically important.biologically important.
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25 of the 100+ elements are 25 of the 100+ elements are essential for life. essential for life.
SPONCH elements are the most SPONCH elements are the most biologically important.biologically important.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
25 of the 100+ elements are 25 of the 100+ elements are essential for life. essential for life.
SPONCH elements are the most SPONCH elements are the most biologically important.biologically important.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Percentage of SPONCH elements in Percentage of SPONCH elements in living things. (Wet)living things. (Wet)
S.S. Sulfur Sulfur - .06%- .06%P.P. Phosphorus Phosphorus - .24%- .24%O.O. Oxygen Oxygen - 26.0%- 26.0%N.N. Nitrogen Nitrogen - 1.25%- 1.25%C.C. Carbon Carbon - 7.0%- 7.0%H.H. Hydrogen Hydrogen - 65.0%- 65.0%
Percentage of SPONCH elements in Percentage of SPONCH elements in living things. (Wet)living things. (Wet)
S.S. Sulfur Sulfur - .06%- .06%P.P. Phosphorus Phosphorus - .24%- .24%O.O. Oxygen Oxygen - 26.0%- 26.0%N.N. Nitrogen Nitrogen - 1.25%- 1.25%C.C. Carbon Carbon - 7.0%- 7.0%H.H. Hydrogen Hydrogen - 65.0%- 65.0%
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Percentage of SPONCH elements in Percentage of SPONCH elements in living things. (Wet)living things. (Wet)
S.S. Sulfur Sulfur .06% .06%P.P. Phosphorus Phosphorus - .24%- .24%O.O. Oxygen Oxygen - 26.0%- 26.0%N.N. Nitrogen Nitrogen - 1.25%- 1.25%C.C. Carbon Carbon - 7.0%- 7.0%H.H. Hydrogen Hydrogen - 65.0%- 65.0%
Percentage of SPONCH elements in Percentage of SPONCH elements in living things. (Wet)living things. (Wet)
S.S. Sulfur Sulfur .06% .06%P.P. Phosphorus Phosphorus - .24%- .24%O.O. Oxygen Oxygen - 26.0%- 26.0%N.N. Nitrogen Nitrogen - 1.25%- 1.25%C.C. Carbon Carbon - 7.0%- 7.0%H.H. Hydrogen Hydrogen - 65.0%- 65.0%
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Percentage of SPONCH elements in Percentage of SPONCH elements in living things. (Wet)living things. (Wet)
S.S. Sulfur Sulfur .06% .06%P.P. Phosphorus Phosphorus .24% .24%O.O. Oxygen Oxygen - 26.0%- 26.0%N.N. Nitrogen Nitrogen - 1.25%- 1.25%C.C. Carbon Carbon - 7.0%- 7.0%H.H. Hydrogen Hydrogen - 65.0%- 65.0%
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Percentage of SPONCH elements in Percentage of SPONCH elements in living things. (Wet)living things. (Wet)
S.S. Sulfur Sulfur .06% .06%P.P. Phosphorus Phosphorus .24% .24%O.O. Oxygen Oxygen - 26.0%- 26.0%N.N. Nitrogen Nitrogen - 1.25%- 1.25%C.C. Carbon Carbon - 7.0%- 7.0%H.H. Hydrogen Hydrogen - 65.0%- 65.0%
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Percentage of SPONCH elements in Percentage of SPONCH elements in living things. (Wet)living things. (Wet)
S.S. Sulfur Sulfur .06% .06%P.P. Phosphorus Phosphorus .24% .24%O.O. Oxygen Oxygen 26.0% 26.0%N.N. Nitrogen Nitrogen - 1.25%- 1.25%C.C. Carbon Carbon - 7.0%- 7.0%H.H. Hydrogen Hydrogen - 65.0%- 65.0%
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Percentage of SPONCH elements in Percentage of SPONCH elements in living things. (Wet)living things. (Wet)
S.S. Sulfur Sulfur .06% .06%P.P. Phosphorus Phosphorus .24% .24%O.O. Oxygen Oxygen 26.0% 26.0%N.N. Nitrogen Nitrogen 1.25% 1.25%C.C. Carbon Carbon - 7.0%- 7.0%H.H. Hydrogen Hydrogen - 65.0%- 65.0%
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Percentage of SPONCH elements in Percentage of SPONCH elements in living things. (Wet)living things. (Wet)
S.S. Sulfur Sulfur .06% .06%P.P. Phosphorus Phosphorus .24% .24%O.O. Oxygen Oxygen 26.0% 26.0%N.N. Nitrogen Nitrogen 1.25% 1.25%C.C. Carbon Carbon 7.0% 7.0%H.H. Hydrogen Hydrogen 65.0% 65.0%
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Percentage of SPONCH elements in Percentage of SPONCH elements in living things. (Wet)living things. (Wet)
S.S. Sulfur Sulfur .06% .06%P.P. Phosphorus Phosphorus .24% .24%O.O. Oxygen Oxygen 26.0% 26.0%N.N. Nitrogen Nitrogen 1.25% 1.25%C.C. Carbon Carbon 7.0% 7.0%H.H. Hydrogen Hydrogen 65.0% 65.0%
Percentage of SPONCH elements in Percentage of SPONCH elements in living things. (Wet)living things. (Wet)
S.S. Sulfur Sulfur .06% .06%P.P. Phosphorus Phosphorus .24% .24%O.O. Oxygen Oxygen 26.0% 26.0%N.N. Nitrogen Nitrogen 1.25% 1.25%C.C. Carbon Carbon 7.0% 7.0%H.H. Hydrogen Hydrogen 65.0% 65.0%
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Percentage of SPONCH elements in Percentage of SPONCH elements in living things. (Wet)living things. (Wet)
S.S. Sulfur Sulfur .06% .06%P.P. Phosphorus Phosphorus .24% .24%O.O. Oxygen Oxygen 26.0% 26.0%N.N. Nitrogen Nitrogen 1.25% 1.25%C.C. Carbon Carbon 7.0% 7.0%H.H. Hydrogen Hydrogen 65.0% 65.0%
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Percentage of SPONCH elements in Percentage of SPONCH elements in living things. (Wet)living things. (Wet)
S.S. Sulfur Sulfur .06% .06%P.P. Phosphorus Phosphorus .24% .24%O.O. Oxygen Oxygen 26.0% 26.0%N.N. Nitrogen Nitrogen 1.25% 1.25%C.C. Carbon Carbon 7.0% 7.0%H.H. Hydrogen Hydrogen 65.0% 65.0%
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• Activity! Please complete a pie graph of the data you have just gathered.
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Sulfur 1%
Phosphorus 0%
Oxygen 26%
Nitrogen 1%
Carbon 7%Hydrogen
65%
Sulfur
Phosphorus
Oxygen
Nitrogen
Carbon
Hydrogen
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• We now know what SPONCH is, what do you think the SPONCH CaFe is?
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The next most important elements for The next most important elements for life.life.Ca= CalciumCa= CalciumFe= IronFe= Iron
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The next most important elements for The next most important elements for life.life.Ca= CalciumCa= CalciumFe= IronFe= Iron
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The next most important elements for The next most important elements for life.life.Ca= CalciumCa= CalciumFe= IronFe= Iron
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• SPONCH molecules make
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• SPONCH molecules make– Carbohydrates (CHO) 1:2:1
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• SPONCH molecules make– Carbohydrates (CHO) 1:2:1– Protein (SONCH)
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• SPONCH molecules make– Carbohydrates (CHO) 1:2:1– Protein (SONCH)– Lipids (fat) (CH with a few O)
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• SPONCH molecules make– Carbohydrates (CHO) 1:2:1– Protein (SONCH)– Lipids (fat) (CH with a few O)– Nucleic Acids DNA (SPONCH)
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• SPONCH molecules make– Carbohydrates (CHO) 1:2:1– Protein (SONCH)– Lipids (fat) (CH with a few O)– Nucleic Acids DNA (SPONCH)
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CarbohydratesCarbohydrates (sugars) SP (sugars) SPOONNCHCH
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1:2:1 ratio for carbon, hydrogen, 1:2:1 ratio for carbon, hydrogen, oxygen.oxygen.
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• 1:2:1 ratio for carbon, hydrogen, oxygen.1:2:1 ratio for carbon, hydrogen, oxygen.
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• 1:2:1 ratio for 1:2:1 ratio for carboncarbon, hydrogen, oxygen., hydrogen, oxygen.
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• 1:2:1 ratio for 1:2:1 ratio for carboncarbon, hydrogen, oxygen., hydrogen, oxygen.
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• 1:2:1 ratio for 1:2:1 ratio for carboncarbon, hydrogen, oxygen., hydrogen, oxygen.
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6
• 1:2:1 ratio for carbon, 1:2:1 ratio for carbon, hydrogenhydrogen, oxygen., oxygen.
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6
• 1:2:1 ratio for carbon, 1:2:1 ratio for carbon, hydrogenhydrogen, oxygen., oxygen.
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6:
• 1:2:1 ratio for carbon, 1:2:1 ratio for carbon, hydrogenhydrogen, oxygen., oxygen.
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6:12
• 1:2:1 ratio for carbon, hydrogen, 1:2:1 ratio for carbon, hydrogen, oxygenoxygen..
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6:12:
• 1:2:1 ratio for carbon, hydrogen, 1:2:1 ratio for carbon, hydrogen, oxygenoxygen..
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6:12:
• 1:2:1 ratio for carbon, hydrogen, 1:2:1 ratio for carbon, hydrogen, oxygenoxygen..
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6:12:6
• 1:2:11:2:1 ratio for carbon, hydrogen, oxygen. ratio for carbon, hydrogen, oxygen.
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6:12:6
• 1:2:11:2:1 ratio for carbon, hydrogen, oxygen. ratio for carbon, hydrogen, oxygen.
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6:12:6
Proportion: The relation between things (or parts of things) with respect to their comparative quantity.
• 1:2:11:2:1 ratio for carbon, hydrogen, oxygen. ratio for carbon, hydrogen, oxygen.
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6:12:6
Proportion: The relation between things (or parts of things) with respect to their comparative quantity.
Ratio: A general term; it is obtained by dividing one number by another.
• 1:2:1 ratio for carbon, hydrogen, oxygen.1:2:1 ratio for carbon, hydrogen, oxygen.
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6:12:6
• 1:2:1 ratio for carbon, hydrogen, oxygen.1:2:1 ratio for carbon, hydrogen, oxygen.
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6:12:6
• 1:2:1 ratio for carbon, hydrogen, oxygen.1:2:1 ratio for carbon, hydrogen, oxygen.
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6:12:6
Common sugars tend to end in “ose” Ex –Common sugars tend to end in “ose” Ex –glucose.glucose.
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• Can you find the sugar below?
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• Answer: Fructose
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There are two types of sugarsThere are two types of sugars -- --
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Simple Sugars: Broken down quickly.
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Complex Sugars: Starch / Fiber / Glycogen / Cellulose / Chitin.
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• Cellulose: The Cell Walls in plants.Cellulose: The Cell Walls in plants.– Strong sugar woven sugar that allows plants Strong sugar woven sugar that allows plants
to be very tall.to be very tall.
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• Chitin – Insect exoskeletonChitin – Insect exoskeleton
• Starch is a complex sugar (longer lasting energy)Starch is a complex sugar (longer lasting energy)
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• Starch is a complex sugar (longer lasting energy)Starch is a complex sugar (longer lasting energy)
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• Starch is a complex sugar (longer lasting energy)Starch is a complex sugar (longer lasting energy)
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• Starch is a complex sugar (longer lasting energy)Starch is a complex sugar (longer lasting energy)
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• Activity! Making Saltine Man / Women.– Add drops of diluted iodine in water onto the Saltine to
make a face.
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• Activity! Making Saltine Man / Women.– Add drops of diluted iodine in water onto the Saltine to
make a face.
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• Activity! Testing for the presence of starch.
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• Activity! Testing for the presence of starch.– Iodine turns black when in the presence of
starch.
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• Activity! Testing for the presence of starch.– Iodine turns black when in the presence of
starch.– Draw a picture of each test tube and make a
prediction as to which one contains starch.
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• Activity! Testing for the presence of starch.– Iodine turns black when in the presence of
starch.– Draw a picture of each test tube and make a
prediction as to which one contains starch.– Test the samples on you tray with one drop of
Iodine. Which have starch and which do not?
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• Activity! Testing for the presence of starch.– Iodine turns black when in the presence of
starch.– Draw a picture of each test tube and make a
prediction as to which one contains starch.– Test the samples on you tray with one drop of
Iodine. Which have starch and which do not?
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• What types of food’s should you eat before an athletic event?– The Night before vs. game time.– Should you eat the same things, different, talk
it over and explain.
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• What types of food’s should you eat before an athletic event?– The Night before vs. game time.– Should you eat the same things, different, talk
it over and explain.
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• What types of food’s should you eat before an athletic event?– The Night before vs. game time.– Should you eat the same things, different, talk
it over and explain.
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• Answer: Simple sugars such as a candy bar or sugar drink will give you quick short burst of energy, while complex sugars such as starch are longer lasting energy but require more time to break down.
• Starch is a major component of bread. We can find starch in breads and pasta, vegetables, and tubers like potatoes and yams.
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• Candy bars have lots of simple sugars such as glucose and fructose.
• Simple sugars can be broken down quickly for short energy, Complex sugars have more energy, but it takes longer to break them down.
• Eat Complex the night before, more simple during the event.– A spaghetti dinner during halftime won’t help
you.– A candy bar the night before won’t help you.
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• Simple sugars can be broken down quickly for short energy, Complex sugars have more energy, but it takes longer to break them down.
• Eat Complex the night before, more simple during the event.– A spaghetti dinner during halftime won’t help
you.– A candy bar the night before won’t help you.
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• Simple sugars can be broken down quickly for short energy, Complex sugars have more energy, but it takes longer to break them down.
• Eat Complex the night before, more simple during the event.– A spaghetti dinner during halftime won’t help
you.– A candy bar the night before won’t help you.
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• Simple sugars can be broken down quickly for short energy, Complex sugars have more energy, but it takes longer to break them down.
• Eat Complex the night before, more simple during the event.– A spaghetti dinner during halftime won’t help
you.– A candy bar the night before won’t help you.
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Types of sugars
• Sucrose = Glucose + Fructose
• Lactose = Glucose + Galactose
• Maltose = Glucose + Glucose
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Types of sugars
• Sucrose = Glucose + Fructose
• Lactose = Glucose + Galactose
• Maltose = Glucose + Glucose
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Types of sugars
• Sucrose = Glucose + Fructose
• Lactose = Glucose + Galactose
• Maltose = Glucose + Glucose
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Types of sugars
• Sucrose = Glucose + Fructose
• Lactose = Glucose + Galactose
• Maltose = Glucose + Glucose
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MonoMonosaccharide: One sugar saccharide: One sugar Glucose / Fructose.Glucose / Fructose.
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MonoMonosaccharide: One sugar saccharide: One sugar Glucose / Fructose.Glucose / Fructose.
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DiDisaccharides – two sugars.saccharides – two sugars.Lactose, Sucrose.Lactose, Sucrose.
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DiDisaccharides – two sugars.saccharides – two sugars.Lactose, Sucrose.Lactose, Sucrose.
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Polysaccharides: Many sugars linked Polysaccharides: Many sugars linked together.together.Complex Sugars.Complex Sugars.
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Polysaccharides: Many sugars linked Polysaccharides: Many sugars linked together.together.Complex Sugars.Complex Sugars.
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• Glycogen: The storage form of glucose, comes from starch in plants.
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• Fiber: Carbohydrate the body cannot digest. – Soluble – Insoluble
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• Fiber: Carbohydrate the body cannot digest. – Soluble – Insoluble
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• Fiber: Carbohydrate the body cannot digest. – Soluble – Insoluble
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• Activity! Everyone will be given a celery stick to give them some fiber today. Enjoy!
• Insoluble fiber absorbs water, creates bulkier stools and helps to regulate the stool pattern.
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• Insoluble fiber absorbs water, creates bulkier stools and helps to regulate the stool pattern.
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• Insoluble fiber absorbs water, creates bulkier stools and helps to regulate the stool pattern.
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“I should have ate more fiber
to help me stay regular.”
• Soluble fiber: Absorbs water and becomes gelatinous and sticky.
• Soluble fiber: Absorbs water and becomes gelatinous and sticky. The down side for soluble fiber is that harmless gas forming bacteria in the colon may cause….
• Soluble fiber: Absorbs water and becomes gelatinous and sticky. The down side for soluble fiber is that harmless gas forming bacteria in the colon may cause….
• Do Baked Beans have lots of soluble or insoluble fiber?
• Do Baked Beans have lots of soluble or insoluble fiber? Answer! Soluble Fiber
• Do Baked Beans have lots of soluble or insoluble fiber? Answer! Soluble Fiber
• Fiber is very important to our bodies and is a necessary part of our Gastrointestinal Tract.
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• Fiber is very important to our bodies and is a necessary part of our Gastrointestinal Tract.– Eat you daily fiber and stay regular….Poop Daily!
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• Activity! Raise your hand if you had your poopy today.
• Activity! Raise your hand if you had your poopy today.
• Activity! Raise your hand if you had your poop today.
“I Had a poopy
Today!”
• Activity! Raise your hand if you had your poop today.
“I Pooped too.”
• Activity! Raise your hand if you had your poop today.
“I made a poopy!”
• Activity! Raise your hand if you had your poop today.
“I just pooped my
pants.”
• Activity! Raise your hand if you had your poop today.
• Activity! Raise your hand if you had your poop today.
“I had my poopy”
• Video! Complex Carbohydrates, Fiber, and Regularity.
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PolymerPolymerLong complex chains of moleculesLong complex chains of molecules
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PolymerPolymerLong complex chains of moleculesLong complex chains of molecules
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• Check out this awesome complex polymer.– Everybody hold up an awesome example of a
polymer.
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Protein – Protein – SS O N C H (Amino acid)O N C H (Amino acid)
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• Proteins – s O N C H
• Proteins – s O N C H
• Proteins – s O N C H
• Proteins – s O N C H
• Proteins – s O N C H
• Proteins – s O N C H
• Proteins – s O N C H
• Proteins – s O N C H
• Proteins – s O N C H
• Proteins – s O N C H
• Proteins – s O N C H
• Some foods with proteins
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• Some foods with proteins
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• Some foods with proteins
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• Some foods with proteins
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• Some foods with proteins
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• Some foods with proteins
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Draw a dog growling Grr….Draw a dog growling Grr….
Grr…G-r-r-r-
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The four important roles of proteins.The four important roles of proteins.
Grrr…G-r-r-r-
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The four important roles of proteins.The four important roles of proteins.
Grrr…G-Growthr-r-r-
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The four important roles of proteins.The four important roles of proteins.
Grrr…G-Growthr-Repairr-r-
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The four important roles of proteins.The four important roles of proteins.
Grrr…G-Growthr-Repairr-Reproductionr-
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The four important roles of proteins.The four important roles of proteins.
Grrr…G-Growthr-Repairr-Reproductionr-Regulate
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There are also structural proteins. There are also structural proteins. Make list next to stick figureMake list next to stick figure
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Hair is a proteinHair is a protein
Enzymes: Proteins act as enzymes, which Enzymes: Proteins act as enzymes, which are important in making chemical are important in making chemical reactions happen in cells.reactions happen in cells.
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FingernailsFingernails
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Skin Skin
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MusclesMuscles
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CartilageCartilage
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Ligaments and tendonsLigaments and tendons
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Eyes / corneaEyes / cornea
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Antibodies: Protect from diseaseAntibodies: Protect from disease
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• Proteins are very important to the human body.
• Proteins are very important to the human body.
• Is your body getting enough protein?
• Proteins are very important to the human body.
• Is your body getting enough protein?
• Video: Structure of Proteins
• What is our next molecule of life?– What other agenda will I address?
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Walk 10 laps around your table slowly
START!
END!Take Your Seats
Lipid – Lipid – C C HH OO (Fatty acid) (Fatty acid)
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• Lipid – Lipid – C C HH OO (Fatty acid) (Fatty acid)
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• Lipid – Lipid – CC HH OO (Fatty acid) (Fatty acid)
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• Lipid – Lipid – C C HH OO (Fatty acid) (Fatty acid)
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• Lipid – Lipid – C C HH OO (Fatty acid) (Fatty acid)
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• Lipid – Lipid – C C HH OO (Fatty acid) (Fatty acid)
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• Please draw a stick figure and provide information about specific proteins.
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Lipids (AKA-Fats) They store energy.Lipids (AKA-Fats) They store energy.
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Cell membranes are made of a type of Cell membranes are made of a type of structural lipid.structural lipid.
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Cell membranes are made of a type of Cell membranes are made of a type of structural lipid.structural lipid.
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Chlorophyll, which is important in Chlorophyll, which is important in photosynthesis, is a lipid. photosynthesis, is a lipid.
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• What is this lipid shown below?
• Ear wax is a lipid. It immobilizes materials from getting stuck in your ear canal.
Body fat is a good thing, it provides Body fat is a good thing, it provides your body with extra energy.your body with extra energy.
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• Not enough body fat can lead to a number of serious health effects.
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• However, too much body fat can also lead to a number of adverse health effects.
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• Heart disease is a very real and dangerous problem.
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• Heart disease is a very real and dangerous problem.– Video! (Optional) Shows how plaque build
occurs and leads to a heart attack.
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• Bacon drawing Contest (5 min)Must label the fat as a lipid
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Sex hormones, such as testosterone Sex hormones, such as testosterone and estrogen are made of lipids.and estrogen are made of lipids.
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Sex hormones, such as Sex hormones, such as testosteronetestosterone and estrogen are made of lipids.and estrogen are made of lipids.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Sex hormones, such as Sex hormones, such as testosteronetestosterone and estrogen are made of lipids.and estrogen are made of lipids.
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Sex hormones, such as testosterone Sex hormones, such as testosterone and and estrogenestrogen are made of lipids. are made of lipids.
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Sex hormones, such as testosterone Sex hormones, such as testosterone and and estrogenestrogen are made of lipids. are made of lipids.
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Sex hormones, such as testosterone Sex hormones, such as testosterone and estrogen are made of lipids.and estrogen are made of lipids.
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• Video- Diagramming a lipid.– Explains saturated, unsaturated, and trans
fats at a molecular level.
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Saturated Fats Saturated Fats
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• SATURATED FATS
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• SATURATED FATS– These are the biggest dietary cause of high
LDL levels ("bad cholesterol").
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• SATURATED FATS– These are the biggest dietary cause of high
LDL levels ("bad cholesterol"). – Saturated fat should be limited to 10% of
calories.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• SATURATED FATS– These are the biggest dietary cause of high
LDL levels ("bad cholesterol"). – Saturated fat should be limited to 10% of
calories. – Saturated fats are found in animal products
such as butter, cheese, whole milk, ice cream, cream, and fatty meats.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• SATURATED FATS– These are the biggest dietary cause of high
LDL levels ("bad cholesterol"). – Saturated fat should be limited to 10% of
calories. – Saturated fats are found in animal products
such as butter, cheese, whole milk, ice cream, cream, and fatty meats.
– They are also found in some vegetable oils -- coconut, palm, and palm kernel oils.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• SATURATED FATS– These are the biggest dietary cause of high
LDL levels ("bad cholesterol"). – Saturated fat should be limited to 10% of
calories. – Saturated fats are found in animal products
such as butter, cheese, whole milk, ice cream, cream, and fatty meats.
– They are also found in some vegetable oils -- coconut, palm, and palm kernel oils.
• (Note: Most other vegetable oils contain unsaturated fat and are more healthy.)
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• SATURATED FATS– These are the biggest dietary cause of high
LDL levels ("bad cholesterol"). – Saturated fat should be limited to 10% of
calories. – Saturated fats are found in animal products
such as butter, cheese, whole milk, ice cream, cream, and fatty meats.
– They are also found in some vegetable oils -- coconut, palm, and palm kernel oils.
• (Note: Most other vegetable oils contain unsaturated fat and are more healthy.)
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Unsaturated fat Unsaturated fat (just a bit (just a bit however)however)
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• Unsaturated Fats:
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• Unsaturated Fats:– Help to lower blood cholesterol if used in
place of saturated fats.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Unsaturated Fats:– Help to lower blood cholesterol if used in
place of saturated fats. – Unsaturated fats have a lot of calories, so you
still need to limit them. Most (but not all!) liquid vegetable oils are unsaturated. (The exceptions include coconut, palm, and palm kernel oils.)
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Unsaturated Fats:– Help to lower blood cholesterol if used in
place of saturated fats. – Unsaturated fats have a lot of calories, so you
still need to limit them. Most (but not all!) liquid vegetable oils are unsaturated. (The exceptions include coconut, palm, and palm kernel oils.) There are two types of unsaturated fats:
• Monounsaturated fats: Examples include olive and canola oils.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Unsaturated Fats:– Help to lower blood cholesterol if used in
place of saturated fats. – Unsaturated fats have a lot of calories, so you
still need to limit them. Most (but not all!) liquid vegetable oils are unsaturated. (The exceptions include coconut, palm, and palm kernel oils.) There are two types of unsaturated fats:
• Monounsaturated fats: Examples include olive and canola oils.
• Polyunsaturated fats: Examples include fish, safflower, sunflower, corn, and soybean oils.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Unsaturated Fats:– Help to lower blood cholesterol if used in
place of saturated fats. – Unsaturated fats have a lot of calories, so you
still need to limit them. Most (but not all!) liquid vegetable oils are unsaturated. (The exceptions include coconut, palm, and palm kernel oils.) There are two types of unsaturated fats:
• Monounsaturated fats: Examples include olive and canola oils.
• Polyunsaturated fats: Examples include fish, safflower, sunflower, corn, and soybean oils.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Trans Fats Trans Fats
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Trans Fats Trans Fats
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Trans Fats Trans Fats
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Trans Fats Trans Fats
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Trans Fats Trans Fats
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• TRANS FATTY ACIDS
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• TRANS FATTY ACIDS– These fats form when vegetable oil hardens
(a process called hydrogenation)
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• TRANS FATTY ACIDS– These fats form when vegetable oil hardens
(a process called hydrogenation) – Raises LDL levels. They can also lower HDL
levels ("good cholesterol").
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• TRANS FATTY ACIDS– These fats form when vegetable oil hardens
(a process called hydrogenation) – Raises LDL levels. They can also lower HDL
levels ("good cholesterol"). – Trans-fatty acids are found in fried foods,
commercial baked goods (donuts, cookies, crackers), processed foods, and margarines.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• TRANS FATTY ACIDS– These fats form when vegetable oil hardens
(a process called hydrogenation) – Raises LDL levels. They can also lower HDL
levels ("good cholesterol"). – Trans-fatty acids are found in fried foods,
commercial baked goods (donuts, cookies, crackers), processed foods, and margarines.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Walk 10 laps around your table slowly
START!
END!Take Your Seats
• Which type of fat is the picture below?– Saturated– Unsaturated– Trans Fatty Acid
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Which type of fat is the picture below?– Saturated– Unsaturated– Trans Fatty Acid
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Which type of fat is the picture below?– Saturated– Unsaturated– Trans Fatty Acid
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Which type of fat is the picture below?– Saturated– Unsaturated – Trans Fatty Acid
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Which type of fat is the picture below?– Saturated– Unsaturated– Trans Fatty Acid
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Which type of fat is the picture below?– Saturated– Unsaturated– Trans Fatty Acid
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Which type of fat is the picture below?– Saturated– Unsaturated– Trans Fatty Acid
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Which type of fat is the picture below?– Saturated– Unsaturated – Trans Fatty Acid
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Which type of fat is the picture below?– Saturated– Unsaturated– Trans Fatty Acid
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Which type of fat is the picture below?– Saturated – Unsaturated– Trans Fatty Acid
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Which type of fat is the picture below?– Saturated– Unsaturated– Trans Fatty Acid
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Which type of fat is the picture below?– Saturated – Unsaturated– Trans Fatty Acid
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Which type of fat is the picture below?– Saturated– Unsaturated– Trans Fatty Acid
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Which type of fat is the picture below?– Saturated– Unsaturated – Trans Fatty Acid
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Which type of fat is the picture below?– Saturated– Unsaturated– Trans Fatty Acid
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Which type of fat is the picture below?– Saturated– Unsaturated– Trans Fatty Acid
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• Activity! Building Molecules of Life and separating common foods into carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins.
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Nucleic Acids – S P O N C H Nucleic Acids – S P O N C H (Nucleotide)(Nucleotide)
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Nucleic acids include DNA, which carries Nucleic acids include DNA, which carries genetic information, and RNA, which genetic information, and RNA, which translates that information into proteins. translates that information into proteins.
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• Quiz 1-10 Carbohydrate, Protein, Lipid, Nucleic Acid.
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11
22
33
44
55
66
77
88
99
1010
Bonus – Name the Bonus – Name the actor and molecule actor and molecule of life.of life.
Walk 10 laps around your table slowly
START!
END!Take Your Seats
• Answers 1-10 Carbohydrate, Protein, Lipid, Nucleic Acid.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
11
1 Protein1 Protein
22
2 Carbohydrate2 Carbohydrate
33
3 3 ProteinProtein
44
4 Carbohydrate4 Carbohydrate
55
5 Nucleic Acid5 Nucleic Acid
66
6 Lipid 6 Lipid
77
7 7 CarbohydrateCarbohydrate
88
8 Lipid8 Lipid
99
9 Lipid9 Lipid
1010
10 10 CarbohydrateCarbohydrate
Bonus – Name the Bonus – Name the actor and molecule actor and molecule of life.of life.
“ “My Name is My Name is Kevin Kevin Bacon… aka Bacon… aka Kevin Lipid.”Kevin Lipid.”
• Activity! (Optional) If time allows.– Six degrees of Kevin Bacon.– Every actor or actress has a Bacon level.
This is the lowest number of actors or actresses that can connected to Kevin Bacon.
– Called the Six Degrees of Kevin Bacon.– Visit:http://oracleofbacon.org/
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
END PART I/IV
The Life Topics Unit
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End Part I / IV of an educational unit about
Life Topics: The Molecules of Life, Health and Nutrition Topics, Characteristics of Life, Life Origins and Human Evolution
Download the Powerpoint version of this video, unit notes, assessments, lab
handouts, review games, videos, and much more at
www.sciencepowerpoint.com
End Part I / IV of an educational unit about
Life Topics: The Molecules of Life, Health and Nutrition Topics, Characteristics of Life, Life Origins and Human Evolution
Download the Powerpoint version of this video, unit notes, assessments, lab
handouts, review games, videos, and much more at
www.sciencepowerpoint.com
End Part I / IV of an educational unit about
Life Topics: The Molecules of Life, Health and Nutrition Topics, Characteristics of Life, Life Origins and Human Evolution
Download the Powerpoint version of this video, unit notes, assessments, lab
handouts, review games, videos, and much more at
www.sciencepowerpoint.com
End Part I / IV of an educational unit about
Life Topics: The Molecules of Life, Health and Nutrition Topics, Characteristics of Life, Life Origins and Human Evolution
Download the Powerpoint version of this video, unit notes, assessments, lab
handouts, review games, videos, and much more at
www.sciencepowerpoint.com
End Part I / IV of an educational unit about
Life Topics: The Molecules of Life, Health and Nutrition Topics, Characteristics of Life, Life Origins and Human Evolution
Download the Powerpoint version of this video, unit notes, assessments, lab
handouts, review games, videos, and much more at
www.sciencepowerpoint.com
End Part I / IV of an educational unit about
Life Topics: The Molecules of Life, Health and Nutrition Topics, Characteristics of Life, Life Origins and Human Evolution
Download the Powerpoint version of this video, unit notes, assessments, lab
handouts, review games, videos, and much more at
www.sciencepowerpoint.com
• More Units Available at…
Earth Science: The Soil Science and Glaciers Unit, The Geology Topics Unit, The Astronomy Topics Unit, The Weather and Climate Unit, and The River Unit, The Water Molecule Unit.
Physical Science: The Laws of Motion and Machines Unit, The Atoms and Periodic Table Unit, The Energy and the Environment Unit, and The Introduction to Science / Metric Unit.
Life Science: The Diseases and Cells Unit, The DNA and Genetics Unit, The Life Topics Unit, The Plant Unit, The Taxonomy and Classification Unit, Ecology: Feeding Levels Unit, Ecology: Interactions Unit, Ecology: Abiotic Factors, The Evolution and Natural Selection Unit and coming soon The Anatomy and Physiology Unit.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• More Units Available at…
Earth Science: The Soil Science and Glaciers Unit, The Geology Topics Unit, The Astronomy Topics Unit, The Weather and Climate Unit, and The River Unit, The Water Molecule Unit.
Physical Science: The Laws of Motion and Machines Unit, The Atoms and Periodic Table Unit, The Energy and the Environment Unit, and The Introduction to Science / Metric Unit.
Life Science: The Diseases and Cells Unit, The DNA and Genetics Unit, The Life Topics Unit, The Plant Unit, The Taxonomy and Classification Unit, Ecology: Feeding Levels Unit, Ecology: Interactions Unit, Ecology: Abiotic Factors, The Evolution and Natural Selection Unit and coming soon The Anatomy and Physiology Unit.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• More Units Available at…
Earth Science: The Soil Science and Glaciers Unit, The Geology Topics Unit, The Astronomy Topics Unit, The Weather and Climate Unit, and The River Unit, The Water Molecule Unit.
Physical Science: The Laws of Motion and Machines Unit, The Atoms and Periodic Table Unit, The Energy and the Environment Unit, and The Introduction to Science / Metric Unit.
Life Science: The Diseases and Cells Unit, The DNA and Genetics Unit, The Life Topics Unit, The Plant Unit, The Taxonomy and Classification Unit, Ecology: Feeding Levels Unit, Ecology: Interactions Unit, Ecology: Abiotic Factors, The Evolution and Natural Selection Unit and coming soon The Anatomy and Physiology Unit.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• More Units Available at…
Earth Science: The Soil Science and Glaciers Unit, The Geology Topics Unit, The Astronomy Topics Unit, The Weather and Climate Unit, and The River Unit, The Water Molecule Unit.
Physical Science: The Laws of Motion and Machines Unit, The Atoms and Periodic Table Unit, The Energy and the Environment Unit, and The Introduction to Science / Metric Unit.
Life Science: The Diseases and Cells Unit, The DNA and Genetics Unit, The Life Topics Unit, The Plant Unit, The Taxonomy and Classification Unit, Ecology: Feeding Levels Unit, Ecology: Interactions Unit, Ecology: Abiotic Factors, The Evolution and Natural Selection Unit and coming soon The Anatomy and Physiology Unit.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy