LESSON PLAN
• Subject: Chemistry• Class: X• Class size: 45• Teaching Periods: 10• Assessment Periods:• Topic: Acids, Bases and Salts• Previous Knowledge: Properties of acids and bases
What you will learn?
• Which substances are called acids or bases?• How are they classified?• What happened when an acid reacts
with a base?• Why do we use lemon juice on fish?• What do we mean by the pH of a
solution?
You use bases as
• Drain cleaner• Bleach• Antacid medicines• Baking powder• Washing soda• Shaving cream• Tooth pastes
Harmful effect of acids
• Acid rain can damage trees• Acids rain washes out aluminum ion• Aluminum ion is very toxic to fish and
other aquatic life• Acid rain can damage building and statues• Oxides of Sulphur and Nitrogen are
produced by smoking• Smokers are at great risk of suffering from
cold, bronchitis and aasthama
Properties of acids and basesS. No Property Acid Base
1 Taste Sour Bitter
2 Effect on blue litmus Turns red No effect
3 Effect on red litmus No effect Turns blue
4 Effect on skin Corrosive Harm skin tissue
5 Electrical conductivity Aqueous solutions conduct electricity
Aqueous solutions conduct electricity
Some Common AcidsName Formula Common use
Hydrochloric acid HCl Cleaning of metals, bricks and removing scale from boilers
Nitric acid HNO3 Manufacture of fertilizers, explosives
Sulphuric acid H2SO4 Manufacture of many chemicals, drugs,paints and explosives.
Phosphoric acid H3PO4 Manufacture of fertilizers
Some Common BasesName Formula Common Use
Sodium hydroxide NaOH Soap making, drain cleaner
Potassium hydroxide KOH Making liquid soap, shaving cream
Calcium hydroxide Ca(OH)2 Making mortar, plasters , cement
Magnesium hydroxide Mg(OH)2 Antacid , laxative