Lesson 3-9

Review of the Reproductive Systems

•Get out Student Journal, Lesson 7 Journal Entry •Write a few sentences to describe which dimension is most important or relevant to you in your life right now, and explain why.

Bell Ringer

• One important part of the physical dimension of sexual health is a person’s reproductive system. • Human reproduction is the

physical process of producing children. • We will focus today on

reviewing how the male and female reproductive organs work and what they are.

Motivate

• Complete Workbook pg. 18 in pencil and see how much you already know –2 minutes!!! –Compare with a partner when done

• Look at male reproductive organs slide/handout – correct your answers as needed • Penis, testicles, scrotum, epididymis, vas deferens, prostate gland, seminal vesicles, urethra, and Cowper’s glands

Male Reproductive System

• Spongy tissue, usually soft and limp.

• When a man becomes sexually excited, the tissue of the penis fills with blood and it becomes larger and firmer (erection). – Happens before sexual intercourse,

feeling of sexual attraction, or thoughts about sex.

• Can happen when a man feels excited or nervous, for no reason at all, or during sleep

Penis

• About the size and shape of small plums. • Make the hormone

testosterone and produce sperm (microscopic male reproductive cell). • Every day, a healthy male

produces several hundred million sperm. • Makes sperm best at a few

degrees cooler than normal body temperature – This is why they hang outside

the body in the scrotum.

Testicles

• Loose sac of skin that hangs behind the penis. • Holds the testicles. • If the testicles get cold, the

scrotum hugs the body to warm them up to the best temperature for making sperm. • If the testicles get too

warm, the scrotum hangs low to cool them down.

Scrotum

• Tightly coiled tube that curves over the top of each testicle. • After sperm are made they move into the epididymis for up to 6 weeks. • Here they mature and develop the ability to swim.

Epididymis

• Tube that leads out of the epididymis. • 2 of them – one for each

testicle – Each is about 17 inches long

• Mature sperm move from the epididymis into the vas deferens, where they are stored until they leave the body. • Unused sperm break down

and get absorbed by the body.

Vas deferens

• Size and shape of a walnut. • Makes a thin, milky fluid that helps the sperm move. • Grows larger in puberty.

Prostate Gland

• Pouches that connect to each vas deferens before it reaches the prostate gland.

• Make a sticky yellow liquid – seminal fluid – that gives sperm energy and helps them move.

• Together, the fluid from these vesicles and the prostate gland make semen: – the milky white liquid containing

sperm that leaves the penis when a man ejaculates.

• Ejaculation – when the muscles of the reproductive organs contract and push the semen out of the man’s body.

Seminal Vesicles

• Tube that starts at the bladder and runs through the penis to its end. • Carries both urine and

semen out of the body, but never at the same time. • When a man is sexually

excited, a valve closes off the bladder, so urine can’t pass through the urethra.

Urethra

• 2 small glands along the urethra. • Make a clear fluid that passes through the urethra before a man ejaculates to flush out any traces of urine. –This fluid is called pre-

ejaculate. –Sometimes this fluid can

contain sperm that have been left in the urethra from earlier ejaculations.

Cowper’s Glands

• Complete Workbook pg. 19 - in pencil and see how much you already know –2 minutes

• Compare with a partner when done • Can change answers when you find out more information.

Female Reproductive Organs

• Mons Pubis – area where fat under the skin covers the pubic bone. – Hair grows here during puberty.

• Labia Majora (outer lips) and Labia Minora (inner lips) – folds of skin that surround and protect the clitoris, vaginal opening, and urinary opening.

• Clitoris – about the size of a pea and is full of sensitive nerve endings. – Purpose = sexual pleasure

• Urinary Opening – below or behind the clitoris, where urine leaves the body.

• Vaginal Opening – below or behind the urinary opening. Where menstrual fluid leaves the body, where the man’s penis enters the body during vaginal sexual intercourse, and where a baby comes out during child birth.

Vulva (extrenal)

• Muscular tunnel about 4 inches long that goes from the vaginal opening to the opening in the uterus.

• Provides a way for menstrual fluid to leave the body.

• Receives man’s penis during sexual intercourse.

• Passage through which a baby is born.

• Birth canal

Vagina

• Pear-shaped organ about the size of a fist.

• One of the strongest muscles in the body because it has to be able to push a baby out during childbirth.

• Where a fertilized egg grows and develops into a baby.

• Puberty starts: menstruation or period: – The uterus builds up a thick lining of

blood and tissue approximately once a month to support the growth of a fertilized egg.

– When the egg isn’t fertilized, this lining is not needed, so it flows out of the body through the vagina.

Uterus

• Almond shaped, make female hormones and hold the female’s eggs. • When a girl is born, her

ovaries contain more than 300,000 unripe egg cells. • After puberty, about once a

month, an egg ripens in one of the ovaries and is released into the fallopian tube.

Ovaries

• Come out of each side of the uterus. • An egg travels from an ovary through a fallopian tube to get to the uterus. • Fertilization happens when a male sperm enters the female egg while it is in the fallopian tube.

Fallopian Tubes

• End of the uterus that opens into the vagina.

• During pregnancy, it stays tightly closed to help protect the developing fetus.

Cervix

• Puberty – have periods • Called a cycle because it happens over and over again. • One way a girl’s body becomes physically ready to

reproduce. 1. egg ripens in ovaries. 2. Uterus begins building up lining (blood/tissue). 3. egg released (ovulation) – 13 to 15 days before next period. 4. Egg travels down fallopian tube into uterus (3-4 days). 5. If fertilized, egg attaches to uterus lining. If not fertilized, uterus will begin to shed lining in another 10 days or so (period).

Menstrual Cycle

• Puberty anywhere from age 8-14, can then physically reproduce • Unintended pregnancies can create physical, social, emotional,

and financial hardships for teens and their families. • During intercourse the man ejaculates semen into woman’s

reproductive system, and some sperm reach fallopian tubes (can live here for up to 5 days).

• If woman ovulates (releases an egg), sperm can enter the egg (fertilization).

• The egg then begins to divide and form new cells even on its way to the uterus.

• Pregnant when the egg attaches to the lining of the uterus. – First 8 weeks – embryo – Then it becomes a fetus – 9 months

Pregnancy

• When a woman ovulates, a ripe egg is released from an ovary into the fallopian tube. • Fertilization can occur when a ripe egg is in the phase

where it is traveling toward the uterus in the fallopian tube. • If a woman has sex with a man and one of his sperm enters

the ripe egg, the egg is fertilized and ready to implant in the lining of the uterus. • Woman becomes pregnant once the fertilized egg has

attached itself to the lining of her uterus and begins to grow and develop. • A woman’s menstrual period stops during pregnancy.

Summarize

• Can a woman predict when she can get pregnant? – Menstrual cycles aren’t always the same number of days.

• Makes it hard to predict when a ripe egg will be in the fallopian tube. • Especially for teens because their bodies are still maturing

and some girls’ periods can be irregular at first. • Remember that sperm can like inside the female

reproductive system for days. • Can be possible for a woman to ovulate after having sex

and for the egg to get fertilized. • Not healthy/wise for a teen to get pregnant or for a teen to

get someone else pregnant!!

Ask and Discuss

• This class is one place you can get accurate information about sex and sexuality. So you still may have questions about the reproductive system, pregnancy, or other things. • You will have a chance to get these questions answered over the next few classes. • You can ask your questions anonymously- don’t have to write your name. –Question box – hand out index cards –Write at least 1 question – review the next classes

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