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Leading the way; making a difference
INTERTANKO Asian Seminar25 October 2013
Dr Phillip BelcherMarine DirectorINTERTANKO
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Leading the way; making a difference
Structure of Talk
Human ElementGulf of Guinea piracyPanama Canal Expansion Maritime Labour Convention
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Leading the way; making a difference
Human Element
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Leading the way; making a difference
Our GoalZero fatalitiesZero pollutionZero detentions
Our committee set upISTEC VettingHEiSC
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Leading the way; making a difference
When things go wrong
Human error 80% all accidents100%?
So naturally we focus on peopleNew regulations
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Leading the way; making a difference
Why Rules are not followed
Lack of knowledgeTaking a short-cutLack of surveillance and enforcement Lack of trustDemonstrate professional skill Rule could not cover everything
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Leading the way; making a difference
Seafarers ‘buy into the rule’
They need to understand why it is necessary, why they should follow it and why they should train others to follow it.
And regulators must always be seen to be applying the same rules and enforcing them equally.
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Leading the way; making a difference
Importance of people
Integral part of the system
Rules cannot cover everything, so machines cannot do everything
People can think
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Leading the way; making a difference
Designing for people
Design the human into the systemNot just ergonomicsThink how people will:
work with, use and maintain the system
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Leading the way; making a difference
E-Navigation
Integrating systems for the right reasonNot good enough to stick it in a boxWhen designing, consider Apple
High quality products that you want to use
Integrate the system around the person
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Leading the way; making a difference
Training
Analysis of accidentIdentify the problemsFeeding back operation practiceMonitoring the implementationMonitor the accident and near miss rateBe willing to change again
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Leading the way; making a difference
Enclosed space entry
Seafarers still losing their livesFormal training drill required in SOLASTrain out the short cutting ideaTrain out the natural desire to ‘run in’Empower juniors to question seniors
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Leading the way; making a difference
Beyond mere compliance
Seafarers have the trainingExperienceExpertiseCompany back upEncouraged to question, to give feedbackShow that they have a stake in their safety
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Leading the way; making a difference
Make the human element an asset
Human element is your premier line of defence.
Any Questions?
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Leading the way; making a difference
Gulf of Guinea
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Leading the way; making a difference
Gulf of Guinea
Differences East to WestStructure of piracyRegional activitiesNaval activitiesIndustry activitiesAvoiding the problemNext steps
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Leading the way; making a difference
Somalian Piracy
Effective combatingNaval ForcesDevelopment ashoreArmed guards
BMP5 Spring 2014Self protection measuresSpeedHRA definition
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Leading the way; making a difference
Differences East to West
Not a replication of ‘Business model’Somalia, ransom the people
Incentive to keep seafarers in one piece
GoG, Steal everything, occasional ransomsNo such incentive
Somalia, lack of effective governmentGoG, numerous governments
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Leading the way; making a difference
Guards
Somalia, well established routineArmed guards widely available
GoG, Only unarmed PMSCsArmed guards only from coastal State
Somalia, international naval involvementGoG, reliance on local navies
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Nigeria
Oil theft c250,000bbls a dayMENDEffective civil warEndemic corruptionMost pirates Nigerian based
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Pirates
Ship hijacked 130’ off coastAble to undertake multiple STS operationsSophisticated support structureTheft of personal effectsTheft of cargoKidnappingUse of extreme and shocking violence
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Leading the way; making a difference
Regional Activities
HoG meeting in Spring 2013Agreement to take actionNo agreement on reporting centreNo tangible changes notedBut.... Nigeria starting to take a more proactive stance
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Leading the way; making a difference
Naval activities
NATO exploring the expansion of remitRegular training missions by French and UK navyHampered by territorial waters
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Leading the way; making a difference
Industry activities
Regular meetings with militaryWorking with PMSCs Liaising with Governments and regional bodiesWorking with Flag StatesUpdating of the interim guidelinesRaising the profile of this issue
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Leading the way; making a difference
Avoiding the problem
Tender NoR earlyConsider waiting 200’ off or use another coastal states’ watersUtilise the best self protection measuresWork only with known contactsKeep flag informed of movementsConsider additional hidden tracking devicesUse security if needed
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Leading the way; making a difference
Next steps
Revise interim guidelinesRaise profile of issueContinue to work with regional partners
Questions:Is the region able to deliver security?Do we need armed guards?
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Panama Canal Expansion
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Leading the way; making a difference
New Pricing
Larger locks c15m draft, 50m beam 3 part pricing structure
Tonnage Cargo utilisationVariable factor
Applies to both new and partly to old locksAim to maximise use and variable on demandProbably a 10% increase, but....
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Leading the way; making a difference
Timeline
15 November industry consultation24 February formal one month consultation14 April new charges gazetted1 October new charges implementedSummer 2015 locks open new charges in place
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Leading the way; making a difference
Proposed INTERTANKO position
Recognise that extra payments already madeRequire a clear and simple payment structureLong lead time for any variability of tollsIMO Class II and III ships classed as tankersSmall ships not to face a disproportionate increaseFlexibility in mooring arrangements
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Leading the way; making a difference
Feedback
Need members inputWeekly news item of last weekPCA presentation available on requestEnd of month for feedback
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Maritime Labour Convention
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Leading the way; making a difference
Maritime Labour Convention
20 August for first 30 StatesVarious dates after thatOn ratification, Entry into force one year later
PSC very activeParis MoU detained 8 ships in first month12% of those inspected
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Leading the way; making a difference
Resolution XVIIRequests … during a period of one year following the initial entry into … flag and port States give due consideration to allowing ships to continue to operate without the certificate and declaration referred to, provided that their inspectors have no evidence that the ships do not conform to the requirements of the Convention
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Paris MoU
“…during a period of one year after 20 August 2013. ILO invited the member States to take a pragmatic approach in this respect during the first year.”
So 12% detention rate is pragmatic!
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Leading the way; making a difference
Deficiencies
Mostly revolve around lack of documentationNo evidence on board of crew contractsAbsence of seaman’s books
No reports of physical problems nor complaints
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Flag State rule differences
EMSA head of PSC stated that as long as the flag has gone through its processes, a PSC must accept their interpretations.
Differences between flag and costal state must be accepted
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Leading the way; making a difference
Definition of Seafarer
Area of great concernPanama exclude cadetsSpecial personnelRiding squadsSecurity guards
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Definition of Shipowner
Most flags pragmaticFrance, Germany less soConfusion surrounding shipmanager, owner, bareboat and timechartersITF push for beneficial ownerIs the owner the same as for ISM?
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Financial support
AbandonmentSocial security
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Recruitment companies
How far do the responsibilities go for the owners?
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Complaints procedure
Must have the process on boardSeafarer can make complaint to shorePSC can use complaint as justification for detailed inspection
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Leading the way; making a difference
Next steps
Special tri partite meetingIron out some difficultiesCould look at amendments/guidancePlan for INTERTANKO to be part of Ship Owner group Your opportunity to provide feedback
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Leading the way; making a difference
Feedback Break-out
What are your problems?How have you solved them?What needs to be resolved in the convention?Anything else?