![Page 1: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
1
Large Scale Information Visualization
Jing YangFall 2007
![Page 2: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
2
Pre-requisite
Information Visualization Course slides: www.cs.uncc.edu/~jyang13Basic techniques will be covered in the first two weeksPlease learn other contents by yourself
![Page 3: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
3
Introduction
Class 1, Part A
![Page 4: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
4
Motivation - Data Explosion
Society is more complex: computers, internet, web, ...How much data?
Between 1 and 2 exabytes of unique info produced per year
1000000000000000000 bytes250 meg for every man, woman and childPrinted documents only .003% of total
Peter Lyman and Hal Varian, 2000Cal-Berkeley, Info Mgmt & Systems
www.sims.berkeley.edu/how-much-info
Slide courtesy of John Stasko
![Page 5: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
5
Data Overload
Confound: How to make use of the dataHow do we make sense of the data?How do we harness this data in decision-making processes?How do we avoid being overwhelmed?
Slide courtesy of John Stasko
![Page 6: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
6
Human Vision
Highest bandwidth senseFast, parallelPattern recognitionPre-attentiveExtends memory and cognitive capacityPeople think visually
Slides Slide courtesy of John Stasko
![Page 7: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
7
The Challenge
Transform the data into information (understanding, insight) thus making it useful to people
Slide courtesy of John Stasko
![Page 8: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
8
ExampleWhich state has the highest income? Is there a relationship between income and education?Are there any outliers?
Questions:
Example courtesy of Chris North
![Page 9: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
9
Visualize the Data
![Page 10: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
10
Illustrate Our Approach
Provide tools that present data in a way to help people understand and gain insight from itCliches“Seeing is believing”“A picture is worth a thousand words”
Slide courtesy of John Stasko
![Page 11: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
11
Don’t you believe it?
This graphic is worth at least 700 words
![Page 12: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
12
VisualizationVisualization - the use of computer-supported, interactive visual representations of data to amplify cognition
From [Card, Mackinlay Shneiderman ’98]
Often thought of as process of making a graphic or an imageReally is a cognitive process
Form a mental image of somethingInternalize an understanding
“The purpose of visualization is insight, not pictures”Insight: discovery, decision making, explanation
Slide courtesy of John Stasko
![Page 13: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
13
What is Information Visualization
Information Visualization is NOT Scientific Visualization
X
Scientific Visualization is primarily related to and represents something physical or geometric
Examples:Air flow over a wingStresses on a girderWeather over Pennsylvania
![Page 14: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
14
What is Information Visualization
It is about abstract data
X
![Page 15: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
15
InfoVis Is About Numerical Data
![Page 16: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
16
InfoVis Is About Ordinal Data
ThemeRiver: Visualizing Theme Changes Over Time [Havre et al. Infovis 00]
![Page 17: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
17
InfoVis Is About Nominal Data
Swiss mountain map, L. Matterhorn, 1983
![Page 18: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
18
InfoVis Is About Structured Data
![Page 19: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
19
InfoVis Is About Space
Statistics Bureau, Tokyo, 1985
![Page 20: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
20
InfoVis Is About Time
New York Times, January 1982
![Page 21: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
21
InfoVis Is About Change
![Page 22: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
22
InfoVis Is About Motion and Process
Illustration of magic turning a silver coin into a copper coin
![Page 23: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
23
InfoVis Is About All Kinds of Information
![Page 24: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
24
What is Information Visualization
It is about analyzing, communicating, and decision making
Of all method for analyzing and communicating statistical information, well-designed data graphics are usually the simplest and at the same time the most powerful - E. Tufte
![Page 25: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
25
What is Information Visualization
It is about scale and dimensionalityScale
Essential problem in reasoning is comparisonComparisons must be enforced within scope of eyespan
DimensionalityThe world is multi-dimensionalThe paper and computer is 2 dimensionalEscape from the flatland
![Page 26: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
26
What is Information Visualization
It is about interactive explorationWant to show multiple different perspectives on the dataA way to increase scalability and dimensionality
![Page 27: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
27
What is Information Visualization
It is about applicationsDocument, images, videos, multimediaFinancial/business dataInternet informationSoftware
![Page 28: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
28
The Need is There
In five years, 100 million people will be using an information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have visualization as one of their top three features will earn $1 billion per year.
-- Ramana Rao, founder and chief technology
officer, Inxight Software Inc., Sunnyvale, Calif.
http://www.computerworld.com/databasetopics/data/story/0,10801,80243,00.html
Slide courtesy of John Stasko
![Page 29: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
29
Basic Techniques 1: Multi-dimensional Visualization
Class 1, Part B
![Page 30: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
30
Multi-dimensional (Multivariate) Dataset
Slide courtesy of John Stasko
![Page 31: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
31
Data Item (Object, Record, Case)
![Page 32: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
32
Dimension (Variable, Attribute)
![Page 33: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
33
Multidimensional DataExample: Iris Data
Scientists measured the sepal length, sepal width, petal length, petal width of many kinds of iris...
![Page 34: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
34
Multidimensional DataExample: Iris Data
sepallength
sepalwidth
petallength
petalwidth
5.1 3.5 1.4 0.2
4.9 3 1.4 0.2
... ... ... ...
5.9 3 5.1 1.8
![Page 35: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
35
ClassificationTable-based techniques
HeatMap, tableLensGeometric techniques
Scatterplot matrices, parallel coordinates, landscapes, Dust&Magnet …
Icon-based techniquesglyphs, shape-coding, *color icons, …
Hierarchical techniquesDimensional stacking, worlds-within-worlds, …
Pixel-oriented techniquesRecursive pattern, circle segments, spiral, axes techniques,…
![Page 36: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
36
Table-Based Techniques
Basic idea: Visualization that improves the existing spreadsheet table format
HeatMapTable Lens [RC 94]
![Page 37: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
37This figure is used by Dr. M. Ward’s permission
![Page 38: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
38This figure is used by Dr. M. Ward’s permission
![Page 39: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
39This figure is used by Dr. M. Ward’s permission
![Page 40: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
40This figure is used by Dr. M. Ward’s permission
![Page 41: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
41This figure is used by Dr. M. Ward’s permission
![Page 42: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
42This figure is used by Dr. M. Ward’s permission
![Page 43: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
43This figure is used by Dr. M. Ward’s permission
![Page 44: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
44This figure is used by Dr. M. Ward’s permission
![Page 45: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
45
Eureka (Table Lens)
Rao R., Card S. K.: ‘The Table Lens: Merging Graphical and Symbolic Representation in an Interactive Focus+Context Visualization for Tabular Information’, Proc. Human Factors in Computing Systems CHI ‘94Conf., Boston, MA, 1994, pp. 318-322.
![Page 46: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
46
Eureka (Table Lens)
![Page 47: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
47
Geometric TechniquesBasic idea: Visualization of geometric transformations and projections of data
Scatterplot-matrices [And 72, Cle 93]Parallel coordinates [Ins 85, ID 90]Parallel Glyphs [Fanea:05] Parallel Sets [Bendix:05]Star coordinates [Kan 2000]Landscapes [Wis 95]Dust & Magnet [Yi 2005]Projection Pursuit Techniques [Hub 85]Prosection Views [FB 94, STDS 95]Hyperslice [WL 93]
![Page 48: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
48
Recall 1-Dimensional Visualization
1 2
(1.6)
![Page 49: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
49
Parallel Coordinates
sepa llength
sepalw idth
peta llength
peta lw idth
5.1 3.5 1.4 0.2
4.9 3 1.4 0.2
... ... ... ...
5 .9 3 5.1 1.8
A. Inselberg. The Plane with Parallel Coordinates. Special Issue on Computational Geometry, The Visual Computer, 69-97
![Page 50: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
50
5.1
3.5
sepa lleng th
sepa lw id th
peta lleng th
peta lw id th
5 .1 3 .5 1 .4 0 .2
1.4 0.2
![Page 51: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
51
Cluster and Outlier
ClusterA group of data items that are similar in all dimensions.
Outlier A data item that is similar to FEW or No other data items.
![Page 52: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
52
![Page 53: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
53
![Page 54: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
54
Parallel Sets: Visual Analysis of Categorical Data. F. Bendix, R. Kosara, H. Hauser. Infovis 2005
Parallel Coordinates Parallel Sets
![Page 55: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
55
Scatterplot Matrix
![Page 56: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
56
Scatterplot Matrix
![Page 57: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
57
VaR Display
J. Yang et al. Value and Relation Display: Interactive Visual Exploration of Large Data Sets with Hundreds of Dimensions. IEEE Trans. Vis. Comput. Graph. 13(3): 494-507 (2007)
![Page 58: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
58
Projection Pursuit Techniques
Idea: For High-Dimensional Dataset1. locate projections to low-dimensional space that reveal most details about dataset structure 2. extract and analyze projection structures from projections
Two general approaches: manual and automatic.
![Page 59: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
59
Automatic Projection PursuitFriedman and Tukey
Friedman and Tukey’s method
1. characterize a given projection by a numerical index that indicates the amount of structure that is present. 2. heuristically search to locate the ``interesting'' projections using the index. 3. remove detected structures from the data. 4. Iterate until there is no remaining structure detectable within the data.
![Page 60: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
60
Landscapes
Hot topics of a news collectionL. Nowell, E. Hetzler, and T. Tanasse. “Change Blindness in Information Visualization: A Case Study”. Infovis 2001
![Page 61: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
61
Landscapes
How was the figure generated?Documents (data items)
Keywords (dimensions)
N-d vector for each documents
Projection from N-d space to 2-d space
Landscape view
Wise, J., Thomas, J., et al. “Visualizing theNon-Visual: Spatial Analysis and Interaction withInformation from Text Documents”, Infovis 95
![Page 62: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
62
Dust & MagnetDust & Magnet: Multivariate Information Visualization using a Magnet Metaphor, Yi et al. Information Visualization (2005)
Video
![Page 63: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
63
Hierarchical Techniques
Basic ideas: Visualization of the data using a hierarchical partitioning into subspaces
Dimensional Stacking [LWW90]Worlds-within-Worlds [FB 90a/b]Treemap [Shn 92, Joh 93]Cone Trees [RMC 91]InfoCube [RG93]
![Page 64: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
64
Dimensional Stacking
Imagine each data item (4 attributes) as a small block. We place all blocks on a table.
![Page 65: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
65
Dimensional Stacking
Add grids on the table. Place the blocks in the grids according to their values of attribute1.
According to values of attribute 1
![Page 66: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
66
Dimensional Stacking
Add grids in grids. Place the blocks in the grids according to their values of attribute2.
According to values of attribute 2
![Page 67: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
67
Dimensional Stacking
Add grids in grids. Place the blocks in the grids according to their values of attribute3.
According to values of attribute 3
![Page 68: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
68
Dimensional Stacking
Add grids in grids. Place the blocks in the grids according to their values of attribute4.
According to values of attribute 4
![Page 69: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
69
Dimensional Stacking
Fix one block!
Expand the block
![Page 70: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
70
Dimensional Stacking
Fix another block
![Page 71: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
71
Dimensional Stacking
Dimensional stacking!
![Page 72: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
72
Dimensional Stacking
visualization of oil mining data with longitude and latitude mapped to the outer x-, y- axes and ore grade and depth mapped to the inner x-, y- axes
M. Ward, Worcester Polytechnic Institute
![Page 73: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/73.jpg)
73
Worlds within Worlds
Feiner S., Beshers C.: ‘World within World: Metaphors for Exploring n-dimensional Virtual Worlds’, Proc. UIST, 1990, pp. 76-83.
![Page 74: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
74
Icon-Based Techniques
Basic idea: visualization of the data values as features of icons
Chernoff-Faces [Che 73, Tuf 83]Stick Figures [Pic 70, PG88]Shape Coding [Bed 90]Color Icons [Lev 91, KK94]TileBars [Hea 95]
![Page 75: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/75.jpg)
75
Glyphs
Profile GlyphsEach bar encodes a variable’s value
3 data items in the iris dataset
Min
Max
1 data item with 4 attributes
v1 v2 v3 v4
![Page 76: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/76.jpg)
76
Chernoff faces (1973, Herman Chernoff)
![Page 77: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/77.jpg)
77
Dr. Eugene Turner, 1979
![Page 78: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/78.jpg)
78
Star Glyphs
Space out variables at equal angles around a circleEach arm encodes a variable’s value
4 data items in the iris dataset
v1
v2
v3
v4
1 data item with 4 attributes
![Page 79: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/79.jpg)
79
Glyphs
![Page 80: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/80.jpg)
80
Stick Figures
The mappingTwo attributes - display axes Others - angle and/or length of limbs
Texture patterns in the visualization show certain data characteristics
Stick figure icon
Pickett R. M., Grinstein G. G.: ‘Iconographic Displays for Visualizing Multidimensional Data’, Proc. IEEE Conf.on Systems, Man and Cybernetics, 1988, pp. 514-519.
![Page 81: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/81.jpg)
81
Stick Figures
http://ivpr.cs.uml.edu/gallery/G. Grinstein, University of Massachusetts at Lowell
5-dim. imagedata from thegreat lake region
![Page 82: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/82.jpg)
82
Stick Figures
Stick figure icon familyTry all different mappings
12X5! = 1440 picturesMovie
![Page 83: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/83.jpg)
83
Stick Figures
The same dataset, different mapping
http://ivpr.cs.uml.edu/gallery/G. Grinstein, University of Massachusetts at Lowell
![Page 84: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/84.jpg)
84
Stick Figures
Black background White background
http://ivpr.cs.uml.edu/gallery/G. Grinstein, University of Massachusetts at Lowell
![Page 85: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/85.jpg)
85
More
http://ivpr.cs.uml.edu/gallery/G. Grinstein, University of Massachusetts at Lowell
![Page 86: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/86.jpg)
86
Shape Coding
Data item - small array of fieldsEach field - one attribute value
Arrangement of attribute fields (e.g., 12-dimensional data):
The figure is taken from Dr. D. Keim’s tutorial notes in Infovis 00
![Page 87: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/87.jpg)
87
Shape Coding
Beddow J.: ‘Shape Coding of Multidimensional Data on a Mircocomputer Display’, Visualization ‘90, 1990, pp. 238-246.
![Page 88: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/88.jpg)
88
Color Icons [Lev 91, KK94]
Data item - color icon (arrays of color fields)Each field - one attribute valueArrangement is query-dependent (e.g., spiral)
6 dimensional dataset
The figure is taken from Dr. D. Keim’s tutorial notes in Infovis 00.
![Page 89: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/89.jpg)
89
Color Icons
The figure is taken from Dr. D. Keim’s tutorial notes in Infovis 00
![Page 90: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/90.jpg)
90
Pixel-Oriented TechniquesBasic idea
Each value - one colored pixel (value ranges -> fixed colormap)
Values for each attribute are presented in separate subwindowsValues of the same data item are at the same postions of all subwindows
Keim’s tutorial notes in Infovis 00
![Page 91: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/91.jpg)
91
Major Challenge
Patterns <-the texture of the subwindows
How to order the pixels to get informative textures?
![Page 92: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/92.jpg)
92
Query-Independent Techniques
Recursive pattern arrangements
The figure is taken from Dr. D. Keim’s tutorial notes in Infovis 00
![Page 93: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/93.jpg)
93
Query-Independent Techniques
Recursive pattern arrangements
The figure is taken from Dr. D. Keim’s tutorial notes in Infovis 00
![Page 94: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/94.jpg)
94
Query-Dependent Techniques
Basic idea:data items (a1, a2, ..., am) & query (q1, q2, ..., qm)distances (d1, d2, ... dm)extend distances by overall distance (dm+1)determine data items with lowest overall distancesmap distances to color (for each attribute)visualize each distance value di by one colored pixel
The slide is taken from Dr. D. Keim’s tutorial notes in Infovis 00
![Page 95: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/95.jpg)
95
Query-Dependent Techniques
The figure is taken from Dr. D. Keim’s tutorial notes in Infovis 00
Spiral technique
Arrangement The m+1 dimension (overall distance)
![Page 96: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/96.jpg)
96
Query-Dependent Techniques
The figure is taken from Dr. D. Keim’s tutorial notes in Infovis 00
Spiral technique
![Page 97: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/97.jpg)
97
Major References
Colin Ware. Information Visualization, 2004Daniel Keim. Tutorial note in InfoVis 2000John Stasko. Course slides, Fall 2005Edward Tufte:
The Visual Display of Quantitative InformationEnvisioning InformationVisual Explanation
![Page 98: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/98.jpg)
98
Homework1. Read referred papers2. Download XMDV fromhttp://davis.wpi.edu/~xmdv/downloadxmdv.htmlBinary Release, Microsoft Windows, Xmdv 7.0 and play with it.3. Prepare your next class by reading papers
The paper list and course slides will be published on my webpage
www.cs.uncc.edu/~jyang13
![Page 99: Large Scale Information Visualization · Introduction Class 1, Part A. 4 Motivation - Data Explosion ... information-visualization tool on a near-daily basis. And products that have](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050609/5fb05105b82af616b2160131/html5/thumbnails/99.jpg)
99